Forecasting & Demand Planner Module 4 – Basic Concepts
... – Input & output units receive and broadcast signals to the environment, respectively – Internal units called hidden units since they are not in contact with external environment – units connected by weighted links (synapses) • A parallel computation system because – Signals travel independently on ...
... – Input & output units receive and broadcast signals to the environment, respectively – Internal units called hidden units since they are not in contact with external environment – units connected by weighted links (synapses) • A parallel computation system because – Signals travel independently on ...
Kv2 Channels Form Delayed-Rectifier Potassium Channels In Situ
... immature and mature times did not vary (40 and 36%, respectively), the inferred proportions of Kv2 channels are similar. The mutant subunit may have produced this effect by decreasing either the number of functional channels, the single-channel conductance, or Popen. These results suggest that funct ...
... immature and mature times did not vary (40 and 36%, respectively), the inferred proportions of Kv2 channels are similar. The mutant subunit may have produced this effect by decreasing either the number of functional channels, the single-channel conductance, or Popen. These results suggest that funct ...
Effects of excess vitamin B6 intake on cerebral cortex neurons in rat
... typical for the experimental group receiving excess vitamin B6 intake for a long period (20 days) and, paradoxically, they are reminiscent of those resulting from vitamin B6 deficiency in rats [27]. According to the results of this study, ultrastructural changes observed in the perikaryons and neuro ...
... typical for the experimental group receiving excess vitamin B6 intake for a long period (20 days) and, paradoxically, they are reminiscent of those resulting from vitamin B6 deficiency in rats [27]. According to the results of this study, ultrastructural changes observed in the perikaryons and neuro ...
Auditory–vocal mirroring in songbirds
... including for skills that form the basis of communicative behaviours, such as spoken language [1–10]. Beyond a role in skill learning, their capacity to encode both sensory and motor aspects of complex sequential behaviours would appear to predispose mirror neurons to function as a critical cellular ...
... including for skills that form the basis of communicative behaviours, such as spoken language [1–10]. Beyond a role in skill learning, their capacity to encode both sensory and motor aspects of complex sequential behaviours would appear to predispose mirror neurons to function as a critical cellular ...
Temporal and Spatial Integration in the Rat SI Vibrissa Cortex
... a variety of stimulus parameters such as angular direction, velocity, amplitude, and frequency (see also Refs. 3,24,49). When a unit is activated by more than one whisker, the responses elicited by stimulation of different vibrissae comprising the receptive field are observed to be qualitatively sim ...
... a variety of stimulus parameters such as angular direction, velocity, amplitude, and frequency (see also Refs. 3,24,49). When a unit is activated by more than one whisker, the responses elicited by stimulation of different vibrissae comprising the receptive field are observed to be qualitatively sim ...
Scene perception: inferior temporal cortex neurons encode the
... obtained. The stimuli were arranged as shown in Fig. 1, and the eyes were held still on a central object with a visual fixation task. This task ensured that the fovea was directed at the centre of the screen where the fixation spot was located at the start of each trial (see below). [For the purposes ...
... obtained. The stimuli were arranged as shown in Fig. 1, and the eyes were held still on a central object with a visual fixation task. This task ensured that the fovea was directed at the centre of the screen where the fixation spot was located at the start of each trial (see below). [For the purposes ...
A Neuronal Model of Predictive Coding Accounting for the
... frequency-dependent response to rare deviants, a response to unexpected repeats in alternating sequences (ABABAA. . . ), a lack of consideration of the global sequence context, a response to sound omission, and a sensitivity of the MMN to NMDA receptor antagonists. Novel predictions are presented, a ...
... frequency-dependent response to rare deviants, a response to unexpected repeats in alternating sequences (ABABAA. . . ), a lack of consideration of the global sequence context, a response to sound omission, and a sensitivity of the MMN to NMDA receptor antagonists. Novel predictions are presented, a ...
Thalamocortical projection from the ventral posteromedial nucleus
... dense plexus in layers IV and VI. Most of these fibers extended vertically in the columns and were highly branched (indicated by arrows in Fig. 1B). Different types of axon were also present. They entered SI distant from target sites, extended toward the brain surface, then sharply turned toward the ...
... dense plexus in layers IV and VI. Most of these fibers extended vertically in the columns and were highly branched (indicated by arrows in Fig. 1B). Different types of axon were also present. They entered SI distant from target sites, extended toward the brain surface, then sharply turned toward the ...
PDF - Oxford Academic - Oxford University Press
... effect of drug intake) yields the opposite effect. Thus, this work suggests a circuit scenario according to which endogenous DSI is beneficial for, whereas an exogenous drug such as marijuana is detrimental to, working memory and possibly other prefrontal functions. Keywords: continuous attractor ne ...
... effect of drug intake) yields the opposite effect. Thus, this work suggests a circuit scenario according to which endogenous DSI is beneficial for, whereas an exogenous drug such as marijuana is detrimental to, working memory and possibly other prefrontal functions. Keywords: continuous attractor ne ...
Membrane Properties Underlying the Firing of Neurons in the Avian
... the extraordinarily large synaptic potentials arrive in NM at a rapid rate: ifeach action potential is triggered by a single synaptic potential, the arrival rate is at least equal to the neuron’s discharge rate. Moreover, because an NM neuron is innervated by 2-3 VIIIth nerve afferents (Hackett et a ...
... the extraordinarily large synaptic potentials arrive in NM at a rapid rate: ifeach action potential is triggered by a single synaptic potential, the arrival rate is at least equal to the neuron’s discharge rate. Moreover, because an NM neuron is innervated by 2-3 VIIIth nerve afferents (Hackett et a ...
Supplemental Information for Free D
... smoothed by convolution with an isotropic Gaussian kernel of 8 mm full-width at half maximum. We examined the main effect of genotype by creating voxel-based, whole-brain, statistical parametric maps using Gaussian random fields theory and the general linear model. More specifically, we used a full ...
... smoothed by convolution with an isotropic Gaussian kernel of 8 mm full-width at half maximum. We examined the main effect of genotype by creating voxel-based, whole-brain, statistical parametric maps using Gaussian random fields theory and the general linear model. More specifically, we used a full ...
Response Differences in Monkey TE and Perirhinal Cortex: Stimulus
... behavioral evidence shows that TE and perirhinal cortices are two directly connected but distinct inferior temporal areas. Despite this distinctness, physiological properties of neurons in these two areas generally have been similar with neurons in both areas showing selectivity for complex visual p ...
... behavioral evidence shows that TE and perirhinal cortices are two directly connected but distinct inferior temporal areas. Despite this distinctness, physiological properties of neurons in these two areas generally have been similar with neurons in both areas showing selectivity for complex visual p ...
a scaling cross platform tool for the analysis of neurophysiological data
... execution on any computing cluster that supports this standard. 5. An implementation that exploits the compute capabilities of GPU’s now being opened up by frameworks such as CUDA and OpenCL which are particularly suited to this type of problem. Our previous work on the VISA project had created a Ja ...
... execution on any computing cluster that supports this standard. 5. An implementation that exploits the compute capabilities of GPU’s now being opened up by frameworks such as CUDA and OpenCL which are particularly suited to this type of problem. Our previous work on the VISA project had created a Ja ...
the spinal cord and spinal nerves
... Nervous tissue is one of the four main tissue types. It acts together with the endocrine system to regulate homeostasis in the body. The nervous system has many similarities with the endocrine system, and they control of the activities of the body to keep it within optimal limits. However, the nervo ...
... Nervous tissue is one of the four main tissue types. It acts together with the endocrine system to regulate homeostasis in the body. The nervous system has many similarities with the endocrine system, and they control of the activities of the body to keep it within optimal limits. However, the nervo ...
Distinct Isoforms of the RFX Transcription Factor DAF
... Neurons form elaborate subcellular structures such as dendrites, axons, cilia, and synapses to receive signals from their environment and to transmit them to the respective target cells. In the worm Caenorhabditis elegans, lack of the RFX transcription factor DAF-19 leads to the absence of cilia nor ...
... Neurons form elaborate subcellular structures such as dendrites, axons, cilia, and synapses to receive signals from their environment and to transmit them to the respective target cells. In the worm Caenorhabditis elegans, lack of the RFX transcription factor DAF-19 leads to the absence of cilia nor ...
UNRAVELING THE SENSE OF SMELL
... molecules. However, they have diverse structures and somehow those different structures are perceived as having different odors (Figure 1). The sense of smell is mediated by the olfactory system, a system that is characterized by exquisite sensitivity and discriminatory power. Even a slight change i ...
... molecules. However, they have diverse structures and somehow those different structures are perceived as having different odors (Figure 1). The sense of smell is mediated by the olfactory system, a system that is characterized by exquisite sensitivity and discriminatory power. Even a slight change i ...
The seasonal hippocampus of food-storing birds.
... the appearance of the habitat changes dramatically as deciduous trees loose their leaves and the landscape becomes covered in snow. Fortunately for comparative purposes there are a variety of non-migratory species of birds in regions where chickadees are common that do not store food. We compared bl ...
... the appearance of the habitat changes dramatically as deciduous trees loose their leaves and the landscape becomes covered in snow. Fortunately for comparative purposes there are a variety of non-migratory species of birds in regions where chickadees are common that do not store food. We compared bl ...
The Switch of Subthalamic Neurons From an Irregular to a Bursting
... recordings with microiontophoresis, a seven-barrel micropipette (12–15 m tip diameter) was glued alongside a recording electrode, as described previously (Akaoka et al., 1992). Four different barrels were filled with one of the following solutions: GABA (400 mM, pH 4), bicuculline methiodide (GABAA ...
... recordings with microiontophoresis, a seven-barrel micropipette (12–15 m tip diameter) was glued alongside a recording electrode, as described previously (Akaoka et al., 1992). Four different barrels were filled with one of the following solutions: GABA (400 mM, pH 4), bicuculline methiodide (GABAA ...
PN4235: Motoneurons: from physiology to pathology Module summary:
... 1) Historical overview including why motoneurons are the prototypic neuron – first intracellular recording of a CNS neuron was a MN… (KTS) 2) Synaptic inputs to motoneurons – sensory input and reflexes, descending and local drive, anatomical organisation of inputs in dendritic tree (KTS). 3) Intrins ...
... 1) Historical overview including why motoneurons are the prototypic neuron – first intracellular recording of a CNS neuron was a MN… (KTS) 2) Synaptic inputs to motoneurons – sensory input and reflexes, descending and local drive, anatomical organisation of inputs in dendritic tree (KTS). 3) Intrins ...
Sounds of Silence BU scientists are helping a paralyzed man utter his
... alignment of tongue, lips, and jaw that in turn produces speech through a synthesizer. At first, all Guenther could use to build and refine his model were extrapolations from findings about nonspeech brain functions and from studies of people with brain lesions that had somehow short-circuited their ...
... alignment of tongue, lips, and jaw that in turn produces speech through a synthesizer. At first, all Guenther could use to build and refine his model were extrapolations from findings about nonspeech brain functions and from studies of people with brain lesions that had somehow short-circuited their ...
May 30, 04copy.doc
... Pioneer studies on the adult monkey’s visual system showed that depriving visual input from one eye results in decreases of both GABA and its synthesizing enzyme GAD in the deprived cortical neurons (Hendry and Jones, 1986). In the SI cortex of adult rodents, similar effects of deprivation have been ...
... Pioneer studies on the adult monkey’s visual system showed that depriving visual input from one eye results in decreases of both GABA and its synthesizing enzyme GAD in the deprived cortical neurons (Hendry and Jones, 1986). In the SI cortex of adult rodents, similar effects of deprivation have been ...
Critical Time Window of Neuronal Cholesterol Synthesis during
... whether cortical projection neurons in vivo essentially require cholesterol biosynthesis and which cell types support neurons, we have conditionally ablated the cholesterol biosynthesis in these neurons in mice either embryonically or postnatally. We found that cortical projection neurons synthesize ...
... whether cortical projection neurons in vivo essentially require cholesterol biosynthesis and which cell types support neurons, we have conditionally ablated the cholesterol biosynthesis in these neurons in mice either embryonically or postnatally. We found that cortical projection neurons synthesize ...
Spinal Nerves Posterior View
... • The ANS neuron comes from the spinal cord and synapses on the cell body of another neuron, which then synapses on the target (gland, blood vessel, etc). ...
... • The ANS neuron comes from the spinal cord and synapses on the cell body of another neuron, which then synapses on the target (gland, blood vessel, etc). ...
Spinal Nerves Posterior View
... • The ANS neuron comes from the spinal cord and synapses on the cell body of another neuron, which then synapses on the target (gland, blood vessel, etc). ...
... • The ANS neuron comes from the spinal cord and synapses on the cell body of another neuron, which then synapses on the target (gland, blood vessel, etc). ...