Critical Time Window of Neuronal Cholesterol Synthesis during
... whether cortical projection neurons in vivo essentially require cholesterol biosynthesis and which cell types support neurons, we have conditionally ablated the cholesterol biosynthesis in these neurons in mice either embryonically or postnatally. We found that cortical projection neurons synthesize ...
... whether cortical projection neurons in vivo essentially require cholesterol biosynthesis and which cell types support neurons, we have conditionally ablated the cholesterol biosynthesis in these neurons in mice either embryonically or postnatally. We found that cortical projection neurons synthesize ...
Retinoids and spinal cord development
... various marker genes. These territories are induced by the underlying mesoderm and form sequentially over time after the initial induction by the node, a phenomenon that was the basis of the activation/ transformation model of neural development proposed by Nieuwkoop (1952), developed from his studi ...
... various marker genes. These territories are induced by the underlying mesoderm and form sequentially over time after the initial induction by the node, a phenomenon that was the basis of the activation/ transformation model of neural development proposed by Nieuwkoop (1952), developed from his studi ...
Neuroscience: Science of the Brain
... Inside our heads, weighing about 1.5 kg, is an astonishing living organ consisting of billions of tiny cells. It enables us to sense the world around us, to think and to talk. The human brain is the most complex organ of the body, and arguably the most complex thing on earth. This booklet is an intr ...
... Inside our heads, weighing about 1.5 kg, is an astonishing living organ consisting of billions of tiny cells. It enables us to sense the world around us, to think and to talk. The human brain is the most complex organ of the body, and arguably the most complex thing on earth. This booklet is an intr ...
12 - Dr. Jerry Cronin
... Anterior Association Area (Prefrontal Cortex) • Most complicated cortical region • Involved with intellect, cognition, recall, and personality ...
... Anterior Association Area (Prefrontal Cortex) • Most complicated cortical region • Involved with intellect, cognition, recall, and personality ...
FEATURE ARTICLE Cortical Auditory Adaptation
... et al. 1996; Stephenson et al. 2009). Those studies refer to a quiet environment and without sound stimulation, which was not the case here. Indeed, sound has been used before in protocols of sleep deprivation (Franken et al. 1995). In addition, we carried out analysis on the local field potential re ...
... et al. 1996; Stephenson et al. 2009). Those studies refer to a quiet environment and without sound stimulation, which was not the case here. Indeed, sound has been used before in protocols of sleep deprivation (Franken et al. 1995). In addition, we carried out analysis on the local field potential re ...
Elastic instabilities in a layered cerebral cortex: A revised axonal
... demonstrate that the intracortical buckling drives folding and not axonal tension from the underlying white matter, though the effect of growth of cells outside the cortex, i.e. new white matter, cannot be ruled out [5]. In addition, a quantitative model of buckling of an elastic plate (the top laye ...
... demonstrate that the intracortical buckling drives folding and not axonal tension from the underlying white matter, though the effect of growth of cells outside the cortex, i.e. new white matter, cannot be ruled out [5]. In addition, a quantitative model of buckling of an elastic plate (the top laye ...
CHAPTER 11: NERVOUS SYSTEM II: DIVISIONS OF THE
... The brain is the largest and most complex portion of the nervous system. It occupies the cranial cavity and is composed of one hundred billion multipolar neurons. The brain oversees the function of the entire body and also provides characteristics like personality. The brain is composed of 4 major p ...
... The brain is the largest and most complex portion of the nervous system. It occupies the cranial cavity and is composed of one hundred billion multipolar neurons. The brain oversees the function of the entire body and also provides characteristics like personality. The brain is composed of 4 major p ...
Essentials in the neuronal organization of the CNS
... Neurons - Specialized elongated cells, one of the cell types of the nervous tissue deriving from the ectoderm. Neurons are interconnected through synapses and form chains or networks. Perikaryon - Enlarged portion of a neuron containing the nucleus surrounded by the cytoplasm. The perikarya are of v ...
... Neurons - Specialized elongated cells, one of the cell types of the nervous tissue deriving from the ectoderm. Neurons are interconnected through synapses and form chains or networks. Perikaryon - Enlarged portion of a neuron containing the nucleus surrounded by the cytoplasm. The perikarya are of v ...
STATE-DEPENDENT OPIOID CONTROL OF PAIN
... The process that leads to pain perception is typically initiated by the activation of peripheral receptors, which selectively detect intense, potentially tissue-damaging stimuli. These primary afferent nociceptors have been studied extensively in animals and humans. We now know a great deal about th ...
... The process that leads to pain perception is typically initiated by the activation of peripheral receptors, which selectively detect intense, potentially tissue-damaging stimuli. These primary afferent nociceptors have been studied extensively in animals and humans. We now know a great deal about th ...
Networks of Spiking Neurons: The Third Generation of
... bit 1 is coded by the firing of a neuron within a certain short time window, and 0 by the non-firing of this neuron within this time window (see e.g., Valiant, 1994). However, under this coding scheme a threshold circuit provides a reasonably good model for a network of spiking neurons only if the f ...
... bit 1 is coded by the firing of a neuron within a certain short time window, and 0 by the non-firing of this neuron within this time window (see e.g., Valiant, 1994). However, under this coding scheme a threshold circuit provides a reasonably good model for a network of spiking neurons only if the f ...
Plasticity of Sensory and Motor Maps in Adult Mammals
... monkeysafter different experimental manipulations. A. The location of area 3b on a dorsolateral view of an owl monkeybrain. Because of the lack of a central fissure, most of the representation of the body is in the cortex exposed on the surface of the anterior parietal cortex. The foot and body are ...
... monkeysafter different experimental manipulations. A. The location of area 3b on a dorsolateral view of an owl monkeybrain. Because of the lack of a central fissure, most of the representation of the body is in the cortex exposed on the surface of the anterior parietal cortex. The foot and body are ...
The role of nitric oxide in the hypothalamic control of LHRH and
... The ventromedial nucleus regarded as a hypothalamic center controlling sexual behavior [91, 92] contains both nitric oxide synthase [15, 18, 133, 140] and estrogen receptors [90]. In the ventrolateral aspect of the nucleus, the estrogen receptors have been found to be expressed in numerous NADPH-d-p ...
... The ventromedial nucleus regarded as a hypothalamic center controlling sexual behavior [91, 92] contains both nitric oxide synthase [15, 18, 133, 140] and estrogen receptors [90]. In the ventrolateral aspect of the nucleus, the estrogen receptors have been found to be expressed in numerous NADPH-d-p ...
For Peer Review - diss.fu
... The bilateral habenular nucleus of the epithalamus consists of a medial (MHb) and a lateral (LHb) complex. Both parts receive input from structures such as lateral hypothalamus, lateral preoptic area, entopeduncular nucleus and basal ganglia via the stria medularis and the medial forebrain bundle (H ...
... The bilateral habenular nucleus of the epithalamus consists of a medial (MHb) and a lateral (LHb) complex. Both parts receive input from structures such as lateral hypothalamus, lateral preoptic area, entopeduncular nucleus and basal ganglia via the stria medularis and the medial forebrain bundle (H ...
A perceptual representation in the frontal eye field during covert
... locations in the search array (Fig. 1A). For a trial to count as valid, the monkey was required to grasp the lever and maintain it at a center position, fixate the central spot (400–800 ms), wait for the search array to appear and, while maintaining fixation on the central spot, turn the lever to repo ...
... locations in the search array (Fig. 1A). For a trial to count as valid, the monkey was required to grasp the lever and maintain it at a center position, fixate the central spot (400–800 ms), wait for the search array to appear and, while maintaining fixation on the central spot, turn the lever to repo ...
Comparative neuronal morphology of the
... in multiple pericellular baskets around the somata of Purkinje neurons. Although we follow the classical terminology for these interneurons in the present paper, it should be noted that both developmental research (Rakic, 1972) and empirical investigations (Sultan and Bower, 1998; Leto et al., 2006; ...
... in multiple pericellular baskets around the somata of Purkinje neurons. Although we follow the classical terminology for these interneurons in the present paper, it should be noted that both developmental research (Rakic, 1972) and empirical investigations (Sultan and Bower, 1998; Leto et al., 2006; ...
The evolution of brains from early mammals to humans
... and cortex to explore, but small-brained presentday mammals could also have simpler brains than their ancestors as features were lost when smaller brains sometimes evolved from ancestors with larger brains.27,28 In addition, early mammals needed to have some parts of their nervous systems develop ve ...
... and cortex to explore, but small-brained presentday mammals could also have simpler brains than their ancestors as features were lost when smaller brains sometimes evolved from ancestors with larger brains.27,28 In addition, early mammals needed to have some parts of their nervous systems develop ve ...
Multimodal Integration in Rostral Fastigial Nucleus Provides an
... level of thoracic vertebra 7 (T7). Level T7 was chosen because it is well below the lowest level of neck muscle insertion (T3) and thus recordings would not be confounded by neck movements (McCluskey and Cullen, 2007). The location of T7 was verified by x ray and/or spinal palpation. During experime ...
... level of thoracic vertebra 7 (T7). Level T7 was chosen because it is well below the lowest level of neck muscle insertion (T3) and thus recordings would not be confounded by neck movements (McCluskey and Cullen, 2007). The location of T7 was verified by x ray and/or spinal palpation. During experime ...
A Physiologically Plausible Model of Action Selection
... output targets (Chevalier et al., 1985; Chevalier and Deniau, 1990). (10) Within the BG, there are many candidate mechanisms with the capacity for selection. At the internucleus level, we included in our model the circuit comprising the output nuclei (represented by the SNr), onto which focused inhi ...
... output targets (Chevalier et al., 1985; Chevalier and Deniau, 1990). (10) Within the BG, there are many candidate mechanisms with the capacity for selection. At the internucleus level, we included in our model the circuit comprising the output nuclei (represented by the SNr), onto which focused inhi ...
Multiplication and stimulus invariance in a looming
... Multiplicative operations and invariance of neuronal responses are thought to play important roles in the processing of neural information in many sensory systems. Yet the biophysical mechanisms that underlie both multiplication and invariance of neuronal responses in vivo, either at the single cell ...
... Multiplicative operations and invariance of neuronal responses are thought to play important roles in the processing of neural information in many sensory systems. Yet the biophysical mechanisms that underlie both multiplication and invariance of neuronal responses in vivo, either at the single cell ...
General knowledge about nervous system
... Basal ganglia Basal forebrain Hippocampus Limbic system ...
... Basal ganglia Basal forebrain Hippocampus Limbic system ...
The Biology
... as the old brain. It is composed of the medulla, which controls functions like breathing and heartbeat; the pons, which transmits information helping to coordinate muscle activity on the right and left halves of the body; and the [b] _______________, which coordinates muscle activity. The [c] ______ ...
... as the old brain. It is composed of the medulla, which controls functions like breathing and heartbeat; the pons, which transmits information helping to coordinate muscle activity on the right and left halves of the body; and the [b] _______________, which coordinates muscle activity. The [c] ______ ...
Mechanism of relation among heart meridian, referred cardiac pain
... of fluorescent tracers into the pericardium and left medial (heart meridian) or lateral (lung meridian) brachium. Our results clearly indicate that more dichotomizing fibers that supply both the pericardium and the medial brachium exist and a closer relation between heart meridian and heart is obser ...
... of fluorescent tracers into the pericardium and left medial (heart meridian) or lateral (lung meridian) brachium. Our results clearly indicate that more dichotomizing fibers that supply both the pericardium and the medial brachium exist and a closer relation between heart meridian and heart is obser ...
Cortex - Anatomy and Physiology
... Anterior Association Area (Prefrontal Cortex) • Most complicated cortical region • Involved with intellect, cognition, recall, and personality ...
... Anterior Association Area (Prefrontal Cortex) • Most complicated cortical region • Involved with intellect, cognition, recall, and personality ...
Neural Mechanisms for Binaural Interactions in the Superior Olivary
... • Jeffress model (1948): • Coincidence detector neuron best responds when external ITD matches internal delay. • Array of coincidence detectors having different internal delays provides a place code for ITD. ...
... • Jeffress model (1948): • Coincidence detector neuron best responds when external ITD matches internal delay. • Array of coincidence detectors having different internal delays provides a place code for ITD. ...