Pointing the way toward target selection
... The fibers and synapses example, concerning the sparse that interconnect different representation of salient visual regions along a sensory pathfeatures in the parietal cortical Feedforward input way can be divided into three area LIP10. The selection of a broad classes: feedforward, Fig. 1. The poi ...
... The fibers and synapses example, concerning the sparse that interconnect different representation of salient visual regions along a sensory pathfeatures in the parietal cortical Feedforward input way can be divided into three area LIP10. The selection of a broad classes: feedforward, Fig. 1. The poi ...
Vestibular Function and Anatomy April 2004
... specific gravity close to that of the endolymph and is not responsive to gravity. The structure of the utricle and saccule is different from the semicircular canals. These organs are also referred to as the otolith organs. The sensory portion of the otolith organs is the macula. The cilia from the h ...
... specific gravity close to that of the endolymph and is not responsive to gravity. The structure of the utricle and saccule is different from the semicircular canals. These organs are also referred to as the otolith organs. The sensory portion of the otolith organs is the macula. The cilia from the h ...
14132.full - Explore Bristol Research
... forward sensory information to the cerebellum via spino-olivo-cerebellar pathways (nociceptive signals are reduced while proprioceptive signals are enhanced); (2) alterations in cerebellar nuclear output as revealed by changes in expression of Fos-like immunoreactivity; and (3) regulation of spinal ...
... forward sensory information to the cerebellum via spino-olivo-cerebellar pathways (nociceptive signals are reduced while proprioceptive signals are enhanced); (2) alterations in cerebellar nuclear output as revealed by changes in expression of Fos-like immunoreactivity; and (3) regulation of spinal ...
Simulation of signal flow in 3D reconstructions of an anatomically
... neuronal cell types. The single neuron represents the elemental functional unit of these networks. Depending on their dendrite morphology, as well as their synaptic innervations and conductance distributions, neurons perform (non-) linear computations that generate a variety of electrical responses ...
... neuronal cell types. The single neuron represents the elemental functional unit of these networks. Depending on their dendrite morphology, as well as their synaptic innervations and conductance distributions, neurons perform (non-) linear computations that generate a variety of electrical responses ...
Axon Physiology - Physiological Reviews
... main axon is involved in the secure propagation of action potentials, but it is also able to integrate fluctuations in membrane potential originating from the somatodendritic region to modulate neurotransmitter release (5, 291, 489). Finally, the axon terminal that is principally devoted to excitati ...
... main axon is involved in the secure propagation of action potentials, but it is also able to integrate fluctuations in membrane potential originating from the somatodendritic region to modulate neurotransmitter release (5, 291, 489). Finally, the axon terminal that is principally devoted to excitati ...
Chapter 10 - Brands Delmar
... • Schwann: myelin sheaths in peripheral nervous system © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning ...
... • Schwann: myelin sheaths in peripheral nervous system © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning ...
Been There, Seen That: A Neural Mechanism for Performing
... incoming visual information is prioritized based on salience and then integrated with top-down feedback, such as the suppression of task irrelevant stimuli, modulation due to reward contingencies or prior expectations. Our hypothesis is that covert attention is allocated based on the topography of t ...
... incoming visual information is prioritized based on salience and then integrated with top-down feedback, such as the suppression of task irrelevant stimuli, modulation due to reward contingencies or prior expectations. Our hypothesis is that covert attention is allocated based on the topography of t ...
Number and Laminar Distribution of Neurons in a
... the number of neurons in such a projection column. Together with the data on TC projections, these numbers are then used to compute the average TC innervation of excitatory neurons in a cortical column as presented in the subsequent article (Meyer et al. 2010). The number of neurons in a cortical co ...
... the number of neurons in such a projection column. Together with the data on TC projections, these numbers are then used to compute the average TC innervation of excitatory neurons in a cortical column as presented in the subsequent article (Meyer et al. 2010). The number of neurons in a cortical co ...
Expression of ml-m4 Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor Proteins in
... The m l-m4 receptor immunoreactivities were differentially distributed in the rat hippocampus (Figs. I-4). In general, receptor immunoreactivities were localized in neurons, neuritic processes, and diffusely in the neuropil, although each antibody resulted in a distinct pattern of staining. Neuronal ...
... The m l-m4 receptor immunoreactivities were differentially distributed in the rat hippocampus (Figs. I-4). In general, receptor immunoreactivities were localized in neurons, neuritic processes, and diffusely in the neuropil, although each antibody resulted in a distinct pattern of staining. Neuronal ...
Heterogeneity of the Population of Command Neurons in the Lamprey
... (PRRN )]. To stimulate a neuron, positive current pulses were passed through the recording intracellular electrode (Stim ME). Activity of MNs was recorded bilaterally in segment 20 by means of suction electrodes from the dorsal and ventral branches of a ventral root (id, ipsilateral dorsal branch; i ...
... (PRRN )]. To stimulate a neuron, positive current pulses were passed through the recording intracellular electrode (Stim ME). Activity of MNs was recorded bilaterally in segment 20 by means of suction electrodes from the dorsal and ventral branches of a ventral root (id, ipsilateral dorsal branch; i ...
The PLAT domain of LOV-1 interacts with ATP-2 to
... ADPKD cases. PKD1 encodes polycystin (PC)-1, a 4302amino acid protein with a large extracellular domain, a G protein-coupled receptor proteolytic site (GPS), 11 predicted transmembrane (TM) domains, and an intracellular C terminus. The polycystin/lipoxygenase/␣-toxin (PLAT) domain is located in the ...
... ADPKD cases. PKD1 encodes polycystin (PC)-1, a 4302amino acid protein with a large extracellular domain, a G protein-coupled receptor proteolytic site (GPS), 11 predicted transmembrane (TM) domains, and an intracellular C terminus. The polycystin/lipoxygenase/␣-toxin (PLAT) domain is located in the ...
B - CommuniGate Pro uni
... ~Center for Research of Higher Brain Functions, Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel Abstract--An in vitro system was established to analyse corticostriatal processing. Cortical and striatal slices taken at postnatal days 0-2 were co-cultured for three to ...
... ~Center for Research of Higher Brain Functions, Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel Abstract--An in vitro system was established to analyse corticostriatal processing. Cortical and striatal slices taken at postnatal days 0-2 were co-cultured for three to ...
Cellular and network mechanisms of electrographic
... EPSPs [12,50], enhanced by the activation of voltage-gated intrinsic (high-threshold Ca2+ and persistent Na+) currents [1,13,15,17]. Specifically, the EPSPs initiate the PDS by depolarizing the postsynaptic neurons to the level of activation of the persistent Na+ current that maintains and enhances ...
... EPSPs [12,50], enhanced by the activation of voltage-gated intrinsic (high-threshold Ca2+ and persistent Na+) currents [1,13,15,17]. Specifically, the EPSPs initiate the PDS by depolarizing the postsynaptic neurons to the level of activation of the persistent Na+ current that maintains and enhances ...
This article was originally published in a journal published by
... Acetylcholine might also enhance encoding through its role in increasing theta rhythm oscillations within the hippocampal formation [36,37]. Learning is enhanced when stimuli are presented during periods of theta rhythmicity [38]. Modeling demonstrates how performance in memory tasks can be enhance ...
... Acetylcholine might also enhance encoding through its role in increasing theta rhythm oscillations within the hippocampal formation [36,37]. Learning is enhanced when stimuli are presented during periods of theta rhythmicity [38]. Modeling demonstrates how performance in memory tasks can be enhance ...
RNA Trafficking and Local Protein Synthesis in Dendrites: An
... Greenberg and colleagues (Schratt et al., 2004, 2006) used bioinformatics approaches to look for potential miRNA binding sites in a group of mRNAs that they had previously shown to be translated in cultured neurons in response to BDNF. They found that the miRNA mir134 bound to sites in the 3⬘UTR of ...
... Greenberg and colleagues (Schratt et al., 2004, 2006) used bioinformatics approaches to look for potential miRNA binding sites in a group of mRNAs that they had previously shown to be translated in cultured neurons in response to BDNF. They found that the miRNA mir134 bound to sites in the 3⬘UTR of ...
![Ear [screen displays a model of the ear] [voice of Dr. Barbara](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/011552985_1-3bf3ff483c5a0491f00193de7607703b-300x300.png)
Ear [screen displays a model of the ear] [voice of Dr. Barbara
... cochlear duct, and the semi-circular ducts. Information from these uh, areas are transferred through this yellow structure, which is cranial nerve VIII, the vestibulocochlear nerve. If we lift these structures out, you can actually see now that there are some indentations that are left in the bone. ...
... cochlear duct, and the semi-circular ducts. Information from these uh, areas are transferred through this yellow structure, which is cranial nerve VIII, the vestibulocochlear nerve. If we lift these structures out, you can actually see now that there are some indentations that are left in the bone. ...
Brain Stem Catecholamine Mechanisms in Tonic and
... SUMMARY Neurons of the lower brain stem maintain resting levels of arterial pressure (AP), mediate reflex responses from cardiopulmonary receptors, and are an important site of the hypotensive actions of a2-adrenergic agonists. Details of the pathways and transmitters that mediate tonic and reflex c ...
... SUMMARY Neurons of the lower brain stem maintain resting levels of arterial pressure (AP), mediate reflex responses from cardiopulmonary receptors, and are an important site of the hypotensive actions of a2-adrenergic agonists. Details of the pathways and transmitters that mediate tonic and reflex c ...
Unit One: Introduction to Physiology: The Cell and General Physiology
... a. Excitation or inhibition of the effector cell by changing its membrane permeability b. Receptor action by altering intracellular “second messenger” cAMP ...
... a. Excitation or inhibition of the effector cell by changing its membrane permeability b. Receptor action by altering intracellular “second messenger” cAMP ...
Purves chs. 12, 13 - Weizmann Institute of Science
... activity, which are then integrated with information from other sensory systems to guide behavior, including orienting movements to acoustical stimuli and intraspecies communication. The first stage of this transformation occurs at the external and middle ears, which collect sound waves and amplify ...
... activity, which are then integrated with information from other sensory systems to guide behavior, including orienting movements to acoustical stimuli and intraspecies communication. The first stage of this transformation occurs at the external and middle ears, which collect sound waves and amplify ...
Dysregulating Factors
... of BKCa and LTCC channels on plasma membrane, and in additon excessive calcium levels as result from either extracellular space or intracellular store-released, are known to modulate functioning of potassium channels [15141163, 16828974, 15486093] (see also Epilepsy). It may be worth noting that KCN ...
... of BKCa and LTCC channels on plasma membrane, and in additon excessive calcium levels as result from either extracellular space or intracellular store-released, are known to modulate functioning of potassium channels [15141163, 16828974, 15486093] (see also Epilepsy). It may be worth noting that KCN ...
Functional and comparative assessments of the octopus learning
... Preventing the input from reaching the VL by transecting the axonal tract between the MSF and the VL (Figure 1) resulted in similar but more robust forgetting. These findings support the importance of LTP for creating longterm memories. As this is true for both an invertebrate and vertebrates, it wo ...
... Preventing the input from reaching the VL by transecting the axonal tract between the MSF and the VL (Figure 1) resulted in similar but more robust forgetting. These findings support the importance of LTP for creating longterm memories. As this is true for both an invertebrate and vertebrates, it wo ...
Stimulus (physiology)
In physiology, a stimulus (plural stimuli) is a detectable change in the internal or external environment. The ability of an organism or organ to respond to external stimuli is called sensitivity. When a stimulus is applied to a sensory receptor, it normally elicits or influences a reflex via stimulus transduction. These sensory receptors can receive information from outside the body, as in touch receptors found in the skin or light receptors in the eye, as well as from inside the body, as in chemoreceptors and mechanorceptors. An internal stimulus is often the first component of a homeostatic control system. External stimuli are capable of producing systemic responses throughout the body, as in the fight-or-flight response. In order for a stimulus to be detected with high probability, its level must exceed the absolute threshold; if a signal does reach threshold, the information is transmitted to the central nervous system (CNS), where it is integrated and a decision on how to react is made. Although stimuli commonly cause the body to respond, it is the CNS that finally determines whether a signal causes a reaction or not.