Tactile orientation perception: an ideal observer analysis of human
... have elliptical RFs (Pruszynski and Johansson 2014; VegaBermudez and Johnson 1999) with aspect ratios that are similar, on average, to those of S1 cortical neurons (Sripati et al. 2006b). Elongated RFs, however, seem to be somewhat more prevalent in cortex than in the periphery. Sripati et al. (2006 ...
... have elliptical RFs (Pruszynski and Johansson 2014; VegaBermudez and Johnson 1999) with aspect ratios that are similar, on average, to those of S1 cortical neurons (Sripati et al. 2006b). Elongated RFs, however, seem to be somewhat more prevalent in cortex than in the periphery. Sripati et al. (2006 ...
Contextual modulation and stimulus selectivity in extrastriate cortex
... never still (Otero-Millan et al., 2008), and objects are typically stationary (Stocker & Simoncelli, 2006), most motion encountered by the visual system is due to displacement of the eye in space, either through saccades, smooth pursuit, head rotation, or navigation. The resulting optic flow stimuli ...
... never still (Otero-Millan et al., 2008), and objects are typically stationary (Stocker & Simoncelli, 2006), most motion encountered by the visual system is due to displacement of the eye in space, either through saccades, smooth pursuit, head rotation, or navigation. The resulting optic flow stimuli ...
Properties of spike train spectra in two parietal reach areas
... that was spatially tuned. Many single cell PRR spectra exhibited spatially tuned temporal structure, as evidenced by a significant and spatially tuned peak in the 20–50 Hz band. The PRR population spectrum of spike trains was also tuned, with the peak power centered on approximately 25 Hz. In contra ...
... that was spatially tuned. Many single cell PRR spectra exhibited spatially tuned temporal structure, as evidenced by a significant and spatially tuned peak in the 20–50 Hz band. The PRR population spectrum of spike trains was also tuned, with the peak power centered on approximately 25 Hz. In contra ...
Neural Mechanisms of Bias and Sensitivity in Hiroshi Nishida Muneyoshi Takahashi
... after a variable interval). The results showed a cumulative firing rate in the FEF. The cumulative firing rate continues until a threshold is reached, at which time the eye movement is generated; that is, movements are always initiated at the moment when the activity level reaches a certain level (e.g ...
... after a variable interval). The results showed a cumulative firing rate in the FEF. The cumulative firing rate continues until a threshold is reached, at which time the eye movement is generated; that is, movements are always initiated at the moment when the activity level reaches a certain level (e.g ...
Quasi-isometric Representation of Three Dimensional
... The Main Principle The readout function recognizes the basin that the network has converged to, and classifies the input according to the indicator of that basin ...
... The Main Principle The readout function recognizes the basin that the network has converged to, and classifies the input according to the indicator of that basin ...
Trial time warping to discriminate stimulus-related
... to push a button each time stimuli with a constant interstimulus interval were presented, which resulted in a stimulus–movement cycle. After four consecutive synchronized movements, the stimuli were eliminated, and the monkeys continued tapping with the same interval for three additional intervals. ...
... to push a button each time stimuli with a constant interstimulus interval were presented, which resulted in a stimulus–movement cycle. After four consecutive synchronized movements, the stimuli were eliminated, and the monkeys continued tapping with the same interval for three additional intervals. ...
wood ant (formica lugubris zett.)
... thickness of about 1500 A were picked up with a formvar film on a wire loop and orientated, with the aid of a dissecting microscope, on single-hole grids having an opening of 2.0 X 1.0 mm. The sections were stained with lead citrate (Reynolds, 1963) and coated with a layer of evaporated carbon. Elec ...
... thickness of about 1500 A were picked up with a formvar film on a wire loop and orientated, with the aid of a dissecting microscope, on single-hole grids having an opening of 2.0 X 1.0 mm. The sections were stained with lead citrate (Reynolds, 1963) and coated with a layer of evaporated carbon. Elec ...
Radial Glial Cell–Neuron Interaction Directs Axon Formation at the
... trailing process becomes the axon (Noctor et al., 2001; Hatanaka and Murakami, 2002), indicating that radial glia-guided migration and axon– dendrite polarity may share similar polarized signaling pathways. However, how axon– dendrite polarization is directed by extracellular cues remains unclear. O ...
... trailing process becomes the axon (Noctor et al., 2001; Hatanaka and Murakami, 2002), indicating that radial glia-guided migration and axon– dendrite polarity may share similar polarized signaling pathways. However, how axon– dendrite polarization is directed by extracellular cues remains unclear. O ...
Early Microglial Activation Precedes Neuronal Loss in Mouse Model of Progressive
... lysosomal cysteine cathepsins, and based on studies on EPM1 patient lymphoblastoid cells, it has been suggested that their increased activity is related to EPM1 pathogenesis (9). However, the precise role of CSTB and the mechanisms by which its loss leads to EPM1 remain poorly understood. A mouse mo ...
... lysosomal cysteine cathepsins, and based on studies on EPM1 patient lymphoblastoid cells, it has been suggested that their increased activity is related to EPM1 pathogenesis (9). However, the precise role of CSTB and the mechanisms by which its loss leads to EPM1 remain poorly understood. A mouse mo ...
Foundations for a Circuit Complexity Theory of Sensory
... interest has grown in understanding the complexity of circuits for early sensory processing, both from the biological point of view and from the point of view of neuromorphic engineering (see (Mead, 1989)). However classical circuit complexity theory has provided little insight into these questions, ...
... interest has grown in understanding the complexity of circuits for early sensory processing, both from the biological point of view and from the point of view of neuromorphic engineering (see (Mead, 1989)). However classical circuit complexity theory has provided little insight into these questions, ...
Synaptic and extrasynaptic traces of long-term memory
... Experimental induction of LTP usually involves dramatic application of surprising input to the cells of interest, such as 100 or more repetitions of intense electrical stimulation. Probably the least extreme of the experiments successfully inducing LTP have been those of Remy and Spruston (2007), wi ...
... Experimental induction of LTP usually involves dramatic application of surprising input to the cells of interest, such as 100 or more repetitions of intense electrical stimulation. Probably the least extreme of the experiments successfully inducing LTP have been those of Remy and Spruston (2007), wi ...
Solving the Distal Reward Problem through
... (around 0.1 s, Wightman and Zimmerman 1990; Garris et al. 1994) but smaller than that in the prefrontal cortex (seconds, see Cass and Gerhardt 1995). We take tonic source of DA to be DA(t) = 0.01 lM/s so that the baseline (tonic) concentration of DA is 2 nM as measured by microdialysis in the striat ...
... (around 0.1 s, Wightman and Zimmerman 1990; Garris et al. 1994) but smaller than that in the prefrontal cortex (seconds, see Cass and Gerhardt 1995). We take tonic source of DA to be DA(t) = 0.01 lM/s so that the baseline (tonic) concentration of DA is 2 nM as measured by microdialysis in the striat ...
trans - RUF International
... Yes, if the conditions are right. A neural pulse traveling from neuron to neuron can get back to its origin and initiate a new pulse if the travel time is longer than the absolute refractory period (typically 2 msec). The propagation speed along a neuron is in the order of magnitude of 50 m/sec. Eve ...
... Yes, if the conditions are right. A neural pulse traveling from neuron to neuron can get back to its origin and initiate a new pulse if the travel time is longer than the absolute refractory period (typically 2 msec). The propagation speed along a neuron is in the order of magnitude of 50 m/sec. Eve ...
trans - RUF International
... Yes, if the conditions are right. A neural pulse traveling from neuron to neuron can get back to its origin and initiate a new pulse if the travel time is longer than the absolute refractory period (typically 2 msec). The propagation speed along a neuron is in the order of magnitude of 50 m/sec. Eve ...
... Yes, if the conditions are right. A neural pulse traveling from neuron to neuron can get back to its origin and initiate a new pulse if the travel time is longer than the absolute refractory period (typically 2 msec). The propagation speed along a neuron is in the order of magnitude of 50 m/sec. Eve ...
Slide 1
... •Gene silencing •Establishing that the neuron or neuropil is sufficient for the behavior to occur. ...
... •Gene silencing •Establishing that the neuron or neuropil is sufficient for the behavior to occur. ...
Signals and circuits in the Purkinje neuron NEURAL CIRCUITS Ze’ev R. Abrams
... of PN signal recording: a 20 s segment of recording is displayed and analyzed in Figure 2 (segment was taken at random, from a current-clamp recording of a PN induced into firing Ca2+ spikes using a kainate receptor agonist; see Abrams et al., 2010 for full experimental details). The full 20 s signal ...
... of PN signal recording: a 20 s segment of recording is displayed and analyzed in Figure 2 (segment was taken at random, from a current-clamp recording of a PN induced into firing Ca2+ spikes using a kainate receptor agonist; see Abrams et al., 2010 for full experimental details). The full 20 s signal ...
Rich-club organization in effective connectivity among cortical neurons
... cerebellum for placement of an electrical reference wire. After the craniotomy surgery, animals recovered from anesthesia in their home cage for ⬃2 h before being head fixed while awake and free to move on a spherical uniaxial polystyrene treadmill. The silicon microprobes were slowly lowered to ste ...
... cerebellum for placement of an electrical reference wire. After the craniotomy surgery, animals recovered from anesthesia in their home cage for ⬃2 h before being head fixed while awake and free to move on a spherical uniaxial polystyrene treadmill. The silicon microprobes were slowly lowered to ste ...
The Involvement of Recurrent Connections in Area CA3 in
... be combined with visual information to determine EC activities. In the model, each EC cell is assumed to respond to a subset of the available cues. Based on the suggestion that EC is involved in conjunctive coding (Myers et al., 1995), each EC cell in our model combines in a conjunctive manner the s ...
... be combined with visual information to determine EC activities. In the model, each EC cell is assumed to respond to a subset of the available cues. Based on the suggestion that EC is involved in conjunctive coding (Myers et al., 1995), each EC cell in our model combines in a conjunctive manner the s ...
A Dendritic Disinhibitory Circuit Mechanism for Pathway
... peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. ...
... peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. ...
Specific synapses develop preferentially among sister excitatory
... and biophysical properties of these control neurons confirmed that they were excitatory neurons (Fig. 3d–g). Hence they served as adjacent nonsibling controls. Once all four recordings were established, action potentials were sequentially triggered in one of the four neurons and the postsynaptic res ...
... and biophysical properties of these control neurons confirmed that they were excitatory neurons (Fig. 3d–g). Hence they served as adjacent nonsibling controls. Once all four recordings were established, action potentials were sequentially triggered in one of the four neurons and the postsynaptic res ...
Neural Correlates for Perception of 3D Surface Orientation from
... and spread throughout the cell as the worm moved. In contrast, mitochondria in anc1(e1873) animals were spherically shaped, often clustered together, and were pushed around within the cytoplasm as the animal moved (Fig. 4B). Mitochondria were not shaped or positioned properly in an unc-60(r398) muta ...
... and spread throughout the cell as the worm moved. In contrast, mitochondria in anc1(e1873) animals were spherically shaped, often clustered together, and were pushed around within the cytoplasm as the animal moved (Fig. 4B). Mitochondria were not shaped or positioned properly in an unc-60(r398) muta ...
Component-based Modeling of Dynamic Systems using
... circuits, one-junctions (common flow) represent series connections and zero-junctions (common effort) represent parallel connections. The connections between the primitive Bond Graph elements and the junctions are called bonds, each of which represents an effort and a flow variable. The product of t ...
... circuits, one-junctions (common flow) represent series connections and zero-junctions (common effort) represent parallel connections. The connections between the primitive Bond Graph elements and the junctions are called bonds, each of which represents an effort and a flow variable. The product of t ...
Introduction to the Pharmacology of CNS Drugs: Introduction Drugs
... mechanism accounts for the presynaptic inhibition that occurs when presynaptic metabotropic receptors are activated. In contrast, when these receptors are postsynaptic, they activate (cause the opening of) potassium channels, resulting in a slow postsynaptic inhibition. Metabotropic receptors can a ...
... mechanism accounts for the presynaptic inhibition that occurs when presynaptic metabotropic receptors are activated. In contrast, when these receptors are postsynaptic, they activate (cause the opening of) potassium channels, resulting in a slow postsynaptic inhibition. Metabotropic receptors can a ...
A first-principle for the nervous system
... During associative learning of two stimuli, the inputs are expected to converge at certain locations to induce a specific change such that at a later time, the presence of one stimulus can reactivate this change for inducing the internal sensation of memory of the second stimulus (Fig.1a). The next ...
... During associative learning of two stimuli, the inputs are expected to converge at certain locations to induce a specific change such that at a later time, the presence of one stimulus can reactivate this change for inducing the internal sensation of memory of the second stimulus (Fig.1a). The next ...
Edge of chaos and prediction of computational performance for
... output spike train of the ith presynaptic neuron by filtering it according to the low-pass filtering property of the membrane of the readout neuron,2 and wi is the efficacy of the synaptic connection. Thus wi xi (t) models the time course of the contribution of previous spikes from the ith presynapt ...
... output spike train of the ith presynaptic neuron by filtering it according to the low-pass filtering property of the membrane of the readout neuron,2 and wi is the efficacy of the synaptic connection. Thus wi xi (t) models the time course of the contribution of previous spikes from the ith presynapt ...