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Plant-mediated interactions between below- and
Plant-mediated interactions between below- and

... enchytraeids, with a body width between 0.1 and 2.0 mm; and (4) the macrofauna, with body widths greater than 2 mm, which is composed of earthworms, termites, millipedes and other arthropods that live in and above the soil (Lavelle and Spain 2001). The soil biota can also be divided into two main gr ...
restoration of tall fescue pastures to native warm season grasslands
restoration of tall fescue pastures to native warm season grasslands

... people, without whom it would not have been possible. First and foremost I‟d like to acknowledge my advisor, Dr. Rebecca McCulley, who provided guidance and mentorship throughout the project. During the first two and a half years of my project I was employed full-time at Kentucky State University. W ...
Pollinators in Rangelands
Pollinators in Rangelands

... —to properly take care of the basic rangeland resources of soil, plants and water; —to develop an understanding of range ecosystems and of the principles applicable to the management of range resources; —to assist all who work with range resources to keep abreast of new findings and techniques in th ...
Grades 9-12 Teacher Guide
Grades 9-12 Teacher Guide

... science knowledge are inter-related and to demonstrate how to connect those pieces to solve the puzzle of the natural world around them. This teacher guide includes activities that have been designed to be incorporated into and to satisfy the ecology components of a high school biology course. Eco ...
WINSLOW Biology Quick View Biology Standards Washington State
WINSLOW Biology Quick View Biology Standards Washington State

... benefits nor is harmed. An example of commensalism is the relationship between sharks and remoras. The remora benefits and the shark is not affected either positively or negatively. Community: all of the species that live together in the same habitat and interact with each other. Consumer: an organi ...
ZOOPLANKTON STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS IN MEDITERRANEAN MARSHES (EMPORDÀ WETLANDS): A SIZE-BASED APPROACH
ZOOPLANKTON STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS IN MEDITERRANEAN MARSHES (EMPORDÀ WETLANDS): A SIZE-BASED APPROACH

... 5. Temporal and spatial variability of zooplankton size structure ...................... 45 5.1. Introduction...................................................................................................... 5.2. Results............................................................................ ...
Management of Wetlands for Wildlife
Management of Wetlands for Wildlife

... disturbance (van der Valk 1981). Succession in wetlands is largely mediated by hydrologic stress and disturbance and, in general, proceeds more quickly in temporarily flooded wetlands. In wetlands, early stages of succession are often dominated by grasses and sedges that reproduce annually and yield ...
BIOSPHERE Chapter 3
BIOSPHERE Chapter 3

... Images from: Pearson Education Inc; Publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall ...
antagonistic interactions between plant competition and insect
antagonistic interactions between plant competition and insect

... can have synergistic effects on the growth and performance of the attacked host plant. We tested the hypothesis that competition between plants may also negatively affect the performance of herbivores as well as their top-down effect on the host plant. In such a case, the combined effects of competi ...
Ecosystems and Biomes
Ecosystems and Biomes

... Secondary succession is the series of changes that occur in an area where the ecosystem has been disturbed, but where soil and organisms still exist. ...
Soil detritivore functioning in heterogeneously contaminated soils
Soil detritivore functioning in heterogeneously contaminated soils

... biodiversity may have a larger impact on the functioning of heterogeneous ecosystems (Tylianakis et al., 2008). However, compensation mechanisms do exist in soils which can counterbalance species loss. These mechanisms include the presence of generalist species which might be able to take over other ...
III. Vital Signs Workshop Summary
III. Vital Signs Workshop Summary

... alien plant species (tamarisk, Bromus, others), mining, utility corridors, roads, offroad vehicle driving, air pollution, water pollution, recreation infrastructure, reservoir creation, groundwater withdrawals, poaching of wildlife, plants and geologic features, and legal harvesting of animals. Duri ...
Eartworms in a plant diversity gradient
Eartworms in a plant diversity gradient

... Eisenhauer N and Scheu S (2005) Invasion of European earthworms in a North American aspen forest: Effects on soil chemistry, microflora, fauna, and vegetation. Workshop above ground and below ground: Decomposer and primary producer interactions (Joint meeting of the GfÖ and DBG, Witzenhausen, German ...
How do bryophytes govern generative recruitment of vascular plants?
How do bryophytes govern generative recruitment of vascular plants?

... • Interactions between vascular plants and bryophytes determine plant community composition in many ecosystems. Yet, little is known about the importance of interspecific differences between bryophytes with respect to their effects on vascular plants. We compared the extent to which species-specific ...
Balancing multiple mutualists: asymmetric interactions among plants
Balancing multiple mutualists: asymmetric interactions among plants

... association might be expected to be promoted (or at least tolerated) by the vertically transmitted symbiont. However, it is possible that endophytes could redirect plant resources away from AMF, despite a potential advantage to the plant. This pattern may only be adaptive if some component of the en ...
Modelling coexistence of plant functional types in grassland
Modelling coexistence of plant functional types in grassland

... competitive exclusion is slowed down and diversity increases. A low degree of competitive size asymmetry can be explained by predominant nutrient/water limitation on the one hand and by the reduction of above-ground competition, e.g. by grazing, on the other hand. Besides the reduction of size asymm ...
Mycorrhizae – symbiotic mediators of rhizosphere and
Mycorrhizae – symbiotic mediators of rhizosphere and

... agricultural soils (Olsson et al. 1999). These fungi are members of the Glomeromycota, a monophyletic phylum containing 150 to 160 described species (Table 1). Arbuscular mycorrhizas are sometimes called “endomycorrhizas” because the fungal partner forms intraradical structures (i.e. inside plant ro ...
Mechanisms structuring the pelagic microbial food web
Mechanisms structuring the pelagic microbial food web

... microbial loop (Azam et al. 1983). A rough estimate is that due to channelling through the microbial loop web only 3-9 % of the primary production reaches higher trophic levels compared to channelling through the classical food chain (Fenchel 1988). The microplankton fraction is usually not grazed w ...
Linking modern coexistence theory and contemporary niche theory
Linking modern coexistence theory and contemporary niche theory

... Abstract. Modern coexistence theory and contemporary niche theory represent parallel frameworks for understanding the niche’s role in species coexistence. Despite increasing prominence and shared goals, their compatibility and complementarity have received little attention. This paucity of overlap n ...
BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION
BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION

... SEED BANKS PRESERVE GENETIC LINEAGES OF CULTIVATED PLANTS http://www.nytimes.com/slideshow/2008/02/28/world/200802 28VAULT_10.html ...
- Warwick WRAP
- Warwick WRAP

... will mean “linear stability”. Given the equations for the dynamics of the system, a fixed (or equilibrium) point will be linearly stable if all the eigenvalues of the Jacobian matrix evaluated at this point have negative real part. Even without precise knowledge of the dynamics, one can still apply ...
111 - CREAF
111 - CREAF

... chain structure. In addition, we propose new experimental approaches for investigating ecological stoichiometry, highlighting the possibility of coupling it with recent advanced methodologies such as metabolomics and genomics. ...
File - Links Biology Website
File - Links Biology Website

... Describe the factors that affect population density. Identify when a population is growing or decreasing Look at a graph determine if it is exponential or logistic Describe the differences between exponential growth and logistic growth What is ecology? How much energy is lost from trophic level to t ...
The Values of Philippine Coastal Resources
The Values of Philippine Coastal Resources

... importance and potential of our coastal and marine waters to the larger public. The difference of their chosen professions, Dr. Alan White being a marine scientist and geographer and Annabelle Cruz-Trinidad being an economist, further strengthens their effort as the elements of science and of instit ...
Mrs. Krausz`s Environmental Science: Chapter 5 Study Guide
Mrs. Krausz`s Environmental Science: Chapter 5 Study Guide

... 12. The bacteria that live within the roots of a soybean plant are a critical part of the nitrogen cycle because they A provide the plant with sugars needed for growth. B transform nitrates into nitrogen gas for release. C change atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form. D release nitrogen by decomp ...
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Renewable resource

A renewable resource is an organic natural resource which can replenish to overcome usage and consumption, either through biological reproduction or other naturally recurring processes. Renewable resources are a part of Earth's natural environment and the largest components of its ecosphere. A positive life cycle assessment is a key indicator of a resource's sustainability.Definitions of renewable resources may also include agricultural production, as in sustainable agriculture and to an extent water resources. In 1962 Paul Alfred Weiss defined Renewable Resources as: ""The total range of living organisms providing man with food, fibres, drugs, etc..."". Another type of renewable resources is renewable energy resources. Common sources of renewable energy include solar, geothermal and wind power, which are all categorised as renewable resources.
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