effects of algal and herbivore diversity on the partitioning of biomass
... association between monoculture and polyculture biovolume would be broadly consistent with a selection effect driven by exploitative competition (Fox 2002). I tested for an association between the mean biovolume of each algal species in monoculture and polyculture using correlation coefficients. I c ...
... association between monoculture and polyculture biovolume would be broadly consistent with a selection effect driven by exploitative competition (Fox 2002). I tested for an association between the mean biovolume of each algal species in monoculture and polyculture using correlation coefficients. I c ...
Consumer trophic diversity as a fundamental mechanism linking
... However, litter addition had a positive effect on detritivore populations (F1,28 = 37Æ8, P < 0Æ0001), resulting in three- to sixfold increases from the initial detritivore density (Fig. 2b). Herbivores did not significantly affect detritivore density either interactively with litter (F1,28 = 0Æ25, P ...
... However, litter addition had a positive effect on detritivore populations (F1,28 = 37Æ8, P < 0Æ0001), resulting in three- to sixfold increases from the initial detritivore density (Fig. 2b). Herbivores did not significantly affect detritivore density either interactively with litter (F1,28 = 0Æ25, P ...
From the Cork Oak to cork
... The uniqueness of cork may have an adaptive value, that is, it probably improved the survival of the Cork Oak throughout evolution. The physical attributes of cork, namely its good insulating properties, can protect Cork Oak against fire. After a fire, while many of the other tree species merely reg ...
... The uniqueness of cork may have an adaptive value, that is, it probably improved the survival of the Cork Oak throughout evolution. The physical attributes of cork, namely its good insulating properties, can protect Cork Oak against fire. After a fire, while many of the other tree species merely reg ...
Highly resolved early Eocene food webs show development of
... taxa and 6444 links (electronic supplementary material, figure S6) [41]. Fifty-four per cent of the taxa are resolved to the genus or species level, and 82% to the family level or better. The taxa consist of 187 plants ( principally vascular plants), 326 invertebrates (overwhelmingly insects), 143 v ...
... taxa and 6444 links (electronic supplementary material, figure S6) [41]. Fifty-four per cent of the taxa are resolved to the genus or species level, and 82% to the family level or better. The taxa consist of 187 plants ( principally vascular plants), 326 invertebrates (overwhelmingly insects), 143 v ...
Ecology (Ch. 2-5): TEST PRACTICE Multiple Choice Identify the
... c. a biogeochemical cycle. b. a pathway. d. transpiration. Precipitation and evaporation are important components of the a. nitrogen cycle. c. carbon cycle. b. water cycle. d. All of the above Which of the following is common to the carbon cycle, the nitrogen cycle, and the water cycle? a. The subst ...
... c. a biogeochemical cycle. b. a pathway. d. transpiration. Precipitation and evaporation are important components of the a. nitrogen cycle. c. carbon cycle. b. water cycle. d. All of the above Which of the following is common to the carbon cycle, the nitrogen cycle, and the water cycle? a. The subst ...
Crop Profile for Bivalve (Oysters, Manila Clams, Geoduck Clams and
... typically held for 1 to 6 months before planting to allow the young oysters to grow to a suitable size. In areas with natural sets, cultch is placed in bays either loose or in bags at critical times to collect larvae. Natural spawning and settlement generally occurs from June through early September ...
... typically held for 1 to 6 months before planting to allow the young oysters to grow to a suitable size. In areas with natural sets, cultch is placed in bays either loose or in bags at critical times to collect larvae. Natural spawning and settlement generally occurs from June through early September ...
Lambden and Johnson 2013 biomass
... This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ...
... This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ...
Mycorrhizal Fungi in Successional Environments
... an elegant effort to integrate physiology of the hosts as well as their mycorrhizal fungi, it has been criticized for not acknowledging the stand-level environmental parameters that change with the age of the stand (Jumpponen et al., 1999a; Keizer and Arnolds, 1994). Furthermore, the early- and late ...
... an elegant effort to integrate physiology of the hosts as well as their mycorrhizal fungi, it has been criticized for not acknowledging the stand-level environmental parameters that change with the age of the stand (Jumpponen et al., 1999a; Keizer and Arnolds, 1994). Furthermore, the early- and late ...
Investigation of sympatric speciation as the outcome of competition
... specialized food consumption. Whereas, Food 1 was the more available resource, Food 2 had higher energy content. Initially, when there was not yet any specific food specialization, Food 1 consumption rate was significantly higher compared to Food 2. Eventually, around time step 22,000 and after the ...
... specialized food consumption. Whereas, Food 1 was the more available resource, Food 2 had higher energy content. Initially, when there was not yet any specific food specialization, Food 1 consumption rate was significantly higher compared to Food 2. Eventually, around time step 22,000 and after the ...
Full text in pdf format
... One of the first initiatives was to conduct an experiment on the effects of otter trawling on the intertidal habitat and communities in the Minas Basin of the Ba.y of Fundy (Brylinsky et al. 1994).The observed impacts were minor but the results should not be extrapolated to offshore fishing banks be ...
... One of the first initiatives was to conduct an experiment on the effects of otter trawling on the intertidal habitat and communities in the Minas Basin of the Ba.y of Fundy (Brylinsky et al. 1994).The observed impacts were minor but the results should not be extrapolated to offshore fishing banks be ...
RegioNAL NAtuRAL ReSouRceS MANAgeMeNt PLAN VoLuMe 1
... and contains a greater percentage of intact ecosystems and natural biological diversity than any other region in the State. The SAAL Regional NRM Plan provides a range of programs to protect valuable ground and surface waters; ensure sustainable industries; help pastoral land management; conserve na ...
... and contains a greater percentage of intact ecosystems and natural biological diversity than any other region in the State. The SAAL Regional NRM Plan provides a range of programs to protect valuable ground and surface waters; ensure sustainable industries; help pastoral land management; conserve na ...
special feature - Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
... quality of resources that appears to exist across trophic levels in food webs (Fig. 2A). For example, ecologists have long recognized that biomass decreases with increasing trophic level, with transfer efficiencies of 4 to 33% being documented (e.g., Price 1984, Pauly and Christensen 1995). In contr ...
... quality of resources that appears to exist across trophic levels in food webs (Fig. 2A). For example, ecologists have long recognized that biomass decreases with increasing trophic level, with transfer efficiencies of 4 to 33% being documented (e.g., Price 1984, Pauly and Christensen 1995). In contr ...
Final Exam Study Guide
... endangerment and extinction of flora and fauna species introduction of invasive and parasitic fauna and flora species to new areas increased desertification of land - this often occurs because, when humans try to increase fertile land in one area, they must divert needed resources from another area ...
... endangerment and extinction of flora and fauna species introduction of invasive and parasitic fauna and flora species to new areas increased desertification of land - this often occurs because, when humans try to increase fertile land in one area, they must divert needed resources from another area ...
The smell of success: choice of larval rearing sites
... larval chemical cues. This species is from the lower Amazonian versant of the northern Andes of Peru and displays advanced levels of parental care. It oviposits in phytotelmata (just above the edge of the water). After hatching, larvae are transported singly on the back of the male parent into diffe ...
... larval chemical cues. This species is from the lower Amazonian versant of the northern Andes of Peru and displays advanced levels of parental care. It oviposits in phytotelmata (just above the edge of the water). After hatching, larvae are transported singly on the back of the male parent into diffe ...
Roadside Revegetation Field Guide
... weeds exist off-site, such as on adjacent private land, the chance of infestation of the roadside from these sites is almost certain and there is little one can do, other than contacting the landowner or a Provincial weed inspector and having them treat the problem. Landowners are required to treat ...
... weeds exist off-site, such as on adjacent private land, the chance of infestation of the roadside from these sites is almost certain and there is little one can do, other than contacting the landowner or a Provincial weed inspector and having them treat the problem. Landowners are required to treat ...
Relative availability of natural prey versus livestock predicts landscape Acinonyx jubatus in Botswana
... main predator management zones: the Conservation Zone comprises national parks, forest reserves, sanctuaries, and Wildlife Management Areas; the Agricultural Zone comprises rangelands, residential, and mining areas (Fig. 1). Livestock (mainly cattle) rearing is the primary economic activity over lar ...
... main predator management zones: the Conservation Zone comprises national parks, forest reserves, sanctuaries, and Wildlife Management Areas; the Agricultural Zone comprises rangelands, residential, and mining areas (Fig. 1). Livestock (mainly cattle) rearing is the primary economic activity over lar ...
Stock Assessment of the Edible Mussel (Mytilus edulis) Beds on
... declining populations, recruitment failure often occurs before adult mortality and populations can persist for decades before the population crashes (Strayer and Malcolm, 2012) therefore this declining trend may continue over future years. However, older mussels dying off may create space for future ...
... declining populations, recruitment failure often occurs before adult mortality and populations can persist for decades before the population crashes (Strayer and Malcolm, 2012) therefore this declining trend may continue over future years. However, older mussels dying off may create space for future ...
detailed description - University of Victoria
... Totaling fewer than seven hundred men, women and children, the Lacandones are the descendants of Yucatec and Itzaj Maya fugitives who fled the Yucatan and the Guatemala Petén in the 17th and 18th centuries. Since then, they have been living in the lowland tropical forest covering the southeastern st ...
... Totaling fewer than seven hundred men, women and children, the Lacandones are the descendants of Yucatec and Itzaj Maya fugitives who fled the Yucatan and the Guatemala Petén in the 17th and 18th centuries. Since then, they have been living in the lowland tropical forest covering the southeastern st ...
Feral goat - Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
... domestic stock for food, shelter and water, particularly in semi-arid areas. Feral goats are regarded as pests by some pastoralists because they compete with domestic livestock for resources. Overgrazing is a major contributing factor to land degradation in the mulga lands of Queensland. Feral goats ...
... domestic stock for food, shelter and water, particularly in semi-arid areas. Feral goats are regarded as pests by some pastoralists because they compete with domestic livestock for resources. Overgrazing is a major contributing factor to land degradation in the mulga lands of Queensland. Feral goats ...
Annotated Bibliography on Ecological Intensification
... suggests that economic globalization, rather than biological factors, drives both the dynamics of the global managed honey-bee population and increasing demands for agricultural pollination services [12]. Nevertheless, available data also reveal a much more rapid (>300%) increase in the fraction of ...
... suggests that economic globalization, rather than biological factors, drives both the dynamics of the global managed honey-bee population and increasing demands for agricultural pollination services [12]. Nevertheless, available data also reveal a much more rapid (>300%) increase in the fraction of ...
Integrating Above and Belowground Components of Biodiversity
... The Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are a group of obligate plant root endosymbionts, which form associations with an estimated two thirds of terrestrial plant species. Their extra-radical mycelium extends throughout the soil and absorbs nutrients that are transferred to their host plant in exchan ...
... The Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are a group of obligate plant root endosymbionts, which form associations with an estimated two thirds of terrestrial plant species. Their extra-radical mycelium extends throughout the soil and absorbs nutrients that are transferred to their host plant in exchan ...
Hibernation.
... enhances winter survival. In contrast, daily heterotherms use daily torpor lasting for several hours during the rest phase. Although torpor is still widely considered to be a specific adaptation of cold-climate species, as we will see in this primer, it is used by many diverse species from all clima ...
... enhances winter survival. In contrast, daily heterotherms use daily torpor lasting for several hours during the rest phase. Although torpor is still widely considered to be a specific adaptation of cold-climate species, as we will see in this primer, it is used by many diverse species from all clima ...
The microbial food web along salinity gradients
... trend of a decreasing number of species as salinity increases are well-characterized, but most functional aspects remain unknown. Thus, for example, there is debate about whether Dunaliella and haloarchaea grow fast, slow or not at all at the ponds where they show maximal abundance [1,2,12], or abou ...
... trend of a decreasing number of species as salinity increases are well-characterized, but most functional aspects remain unknown. Thus, for example, there is debate about whether Dunaliella and haloarchaea grow fast, slow or not at all at the ponds where they show maximal abundance [1,2,12], or abou ...
C:\RZ\LIS Food Webs\LIS FOOD WEBS FINAL REPORT\Zajac et al
... Understanding food web structure and dynamics of ecological systems is a key element in the development of more effective environmental assessment and management procedures. Although various components of the Long Island Sound (LIS) ecosystem have been studied in some detail, a framework for food we ...
... Understanding food web structure and dynamics of ecological systems is a key element in the development of more effective environmental assessment and management procedures. Although various components of the Long Island Sound (LIS) ecosystem have been studied in some detail, a framework for food we ...