Manipulative Field Experiments in Animal Ecology: Do They
... deliver sensible and informative answers: the experimental designs are necessarily constrained and compromised by the trade-off between the demands of canying out experiments at those large scales and the resources that can be made available (see below). If the design is sufficiently compromised, th ...
... deliver sensible and informative answers: the experimental designs are necessarily constrained and compromised by the trade-off between the demands of canying out experiments at those large scales and the resources that can be made available (see below). If the design is sufficiently compromised, th ...
Trophic cascades in Yellowstone: The first - UP FAMNIT e
... species such as aspen (Populus tremuloides), cottonwoods (Populus spp.), and willows (Salix spp.). To investigate the status of this cascade, in September of 2010 we repeated an earlier survey of aspen and measured browsing and heights of young aspen in 97 stands along four streams in the Lamar Rive ...
... species such as aspen (Populus tremuloides), cottonwoods (Populus spp.), and willows (Salix spp.). To investigate the status of this cascade, in September of 2010 we repeated an earlier survey of aspen and measured browsing and heights of young aspen in 97 stands along four streams in the Lamar Rive ...
Biodiversity Guide Farmers and Certifiers - WFA - NOFA-NY
... with microbes, and by reducing chronic inflammatory responses. Living near natural environments is also associated with long-term health benefits including longer life spans, reduced cardiovascular disease, and reduced psychiatric problems.23 The incidence of allergies in adolescents has also been f ...
... with microbes, and by reducing chronic inflammatory responses. Living near natural environments is also associated with long-term health benefits including longer life spans, reduced cardiovascular disease, and reduced psychiatric problems.23 The incidence of allergies in adolescents has also been f ...
The Sustainable Biosphere Initiative: An Ecological Research
... importance of biological diversity in controlling ecological processes and the role that ecological processes play in shaping patterns of diversity at different scales of time and space. Within the topic of biological diversity, much of the current effort is devoted to enumerating the species in var ...
... importance of biological diversity in controlling ecological processes and the role that ecological processes play in shaping patterns of diversity at different scales of time and space. Within the topic of biological diversity, much of the current effort is devoted to enumerating the species in var ...
Unifying sources and sinks in ecology andEarth sciences
... is an ambiguous concept because a species’ environment is determined by a large number of biotic and abiotic factors. Both conspecifics and heterospecifics can dramatically alter habitat quality as perceived by an individual, either positively through niche construction or negatively through niche d ...
... is an ambiguous concept because a species’ environment is determined by a large number of biotic and abiotic factors. Both conspecifics and heterospecifics can dramatically alter habitat quality as perceived by an individual, either positively through niche construction or negatively through niche d ...
Facilitation in the conceptual melting pot
... which facilitation might affect evolution. In addition, when considering the potential evolutionary impacts of facilitation, the traits acted upon are not well identified and neither are the fitness costs of facilitation commonly considered. Ultimately she argues that ‘Filling these gaps should permit ...
... which facilitation might affect evolution. In addition, when considering the potential evolutionary impacts of facilitation, the traits acted upon are not well identified and neither are the fitness costs of facilitation commonly considered. Ultimately she argues that ‘Filling these gaps should permit ...
Detection of alternative stable states in marine communities
... natural communities must fulfill three conditions (Connell and Sousa, 1983). First, alternative states must be shown to occur in the same environment or habitat. Second, the experimental manipulation must be a ‘‘pulse’’ perturbation (Bender et al., 1984) that actually changes the species composition ...
... natural communities must fulfill three conditions (Connell and Sousa, 1983). First, alternative states must be shown to occur in the same environment or habitat. Second, the experimental manipulation must be a ‘‘pulse’’ perturbation (Bender et al., 1984) that actually changes the species composition ...
Organic Regulation Toolkit for Governments
... Disinfect: To reduce, by physical or chemical means, the number of potentially harmful microorganisms in the environment, to a level that does not compromise product safety or suitability. Farm Unit: The total area of land under control of one farmer or a collective of farmers, including all the far ...
... Disinfect: To reduce, by physical or chemical means, the number of potentially harmful microorganisms in the environment, to a level that does not compromise product safety or suitability. Farm Unit: The total area of land under control of one farmer or a collective of farmers, including all the far ...
This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The... copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research
... compellingly integrated ecological processes of competition and disturbance with observed patterns of biodiversity. Arguably, much of the science at that time helped explain why highly diverse coral-dominated systems were so stable. The 1980s marked a turning point in ecological paradigms for coral ...
... compellingly integrated ecological processes of competition and disturbance with observed patterns of biodiversity. Arguably, much of the science at that time helped explain why highly diverse coral-dominated systems were so stable. The 1980s marked a turning point in ecological paradigms for coral ...
what do we mean by biodiversity?
... and multidimensional picture of environmental deterioration. Furthermore, biodiversity is a desirable conceptual framework to investigate environmental deterioration because effects of environmental stresses at one level can be expected to reverberate through other levels often in unpredictable ways ...
... and multidimensional picture of environmental deterioration. Furthermore, biodiversity is a desirable conceptual framework to investigate environmental deterioration because effects of environmental stresses at one level can be expected to reverberate through other levels often in unpredictable ways ...
biochar - Everwood Farm
... (As) and cadmium (Cd). A dairy manure biochar made at 350°C sorbed several times more Pb than AC (Cao et al., 2009). In this case, sorption by biochar was attributed mostly (85%) to the Pb reacting with ash present in the biochar, and also to direct surface sorption (15%) on biochar surfaces. The au ...
... (As) and cadmium (Cd). A dairy manure biochar made at 350°C sorbed several times more Pb than AC (Cao et al., 2009). In this case, sorption by biochar was attributed mostly (85%) to the Pb reacting with ash present in the biochar, and also to direct surface sorption (15%) on biochar surfaces. The au ...
Primary succession - Brookwood High School
... in response to natural and human disturbances. As an ecosystem changes, older inhabitants gradually die out and new organisms move in, causing further changes in the community. ...
... in response to natural and human disturbances. As an ecosystem changes, older inhabitants gradually die out and new organisms move in, causing further changes in the community. ...
2002 Biodiversity Audit - Department of Parks and Wildlife
... CAR thresholds (generally below 10 per cent). • Most remaining areas of lowland ecosystems will be lost to salinity. • There are insufficient resources to acquire and manage an increased conservation estate. • There are more than 1000 reserves that have some conservation function, but most are tiny ...
... CAR thresholds (generally below 10 per cent). • Most remaining areas of lowland ecosystems will be lost to salinity. • There are insufficient resources to acquire and manage an increased conservation estate. • There are more than 1000 reserves that have some conservation function, but most are tiny ...
COASTAL AND MARINE CONSERVATION: A NEW ZEALAND PERSPECTIVE
... for their invaluable assistance with proof reading; Michael Amer and Vivian from 'Computor Services' for assistance with typing; and the rest of my fellow classmates whose comradeship I will always value. ...
... for their invaluable assistance with proof reading; Michael Amer and Vivian from 'Computor Services' for assistance with typing; and the rest of my fellow classmates whose comradeship I will always value. ...
Marine Fisheries Systems - Millennium Ecosystem Assessment
... pollution. Fish are also directly affected by coastal pollution and degradation when their life cycle takes them into coastal habitats. Recent studies have demonstrated that global fisheries landings peaked in the late 1980s and are now declining despite increasing fishing effort, with little eviden ...
... pollution. Fish are also directly affected by coastal pollution and degradation when their life cycle takes them into coastal habitats. Recent studies have demonstrated that global fisheries landings peaked in the late 1980s and are now declining despite increasing fishing effort, with little eviden ...
antagonistic interactions between plant competition and insect
... Abstract. Interspecific competition between plants and herbivory by specialized insects can have synergistic effects on the growth and performance of the attacked host plant. We tested the hypothesis that competition between plants may also negatively affect the performance of herbivores as well as t ...
... Abstract. Interspecific competition between plants and herbivory by specialized insects can have synergistic effects on the growth and performance of the attacked host plant. We tested the hypothesis that competition between plants may also negatively affect the performance of herbivores as well as t ...
curriculum vitae - Towson University
... gradients: an analysis of resource competition in model ecosystems. Ecosystems 7: 296-310. Pauliukonis, N.* and L. Gough. 2004. Field evidence of limited clonal integration in four sedges that differ in ramet aggregation. Plant Ecology 173: 1-15. Gough L. and S.E. Hobbie. 2003. Responses of moist no ...
... gradients: an analysis of resource competition in model ecosystems. Ecosystems 7: 296-310. Pauliukonis, N.* and L. Gough. 2004. Field evidence of limited clonal integration in four sedges that differ in ramet aggregation. Plant Ecology 173: 1-15. Gough L. and S.E. Hobbie. 2003. Responses of moist no ...
Schedonorus pratensis
... Epichloë infected litter in infected than non-infected tall fescue plots (Lemons et al. 2005) suggests ...
... Epichloë infected litter in infected than non-infected tall fescue plots (Lemons et al. 2005) suggests ...
Slide 1
... Our modern population-biology view derives primarily from Gleason’s conceptual model, even though Clementsian ideas of deterministic progression through seral to climax stages dominated ecological theory well into the 20th century (see Connell & Slatyer 1977) Photos from http://oz.plymouth.edu/~lts/ ...
... Our modern population-biology view derives primarily from Gleason’s conceptual model, even though Clementsian ideas of deterministic progression through seral to climax stages dominated ecological theory well into the 20th century (see Connell & Slatyer 1977) Photos from http://oz.plymouth.edu/~lts/ ...
1.1 Scope of the TanCert Organic Standard
... treatment, packaging, transport or holding of such organic product results or may reasonably expected to result, directly or indirectly in it or its product becoming a component of or otherwise affecting the characteristics of such organic product for maintaining or improving its nutritional qualiti ...
... treatment, packaging, transport or holding of such organic product results or may reasonably expected to result, directly or indirectly in it or its product becoming a component of or otherwise affecting the characteristics of such organic product for maintaining or improving its nutritional qualiti ...
Seasonal cycles in Ningaloo seaweed meadows367.66 KB
... Parks and Wildlife, are major primary producers and provide habitat and food for numerous fish and invertebrate species. While some seaweed meadows underwent major losses of seaweed cover over summer to winter, other meadows retained a high amount of seaweed year-round. Spatial planning of marine pa ...
... Parks and Wildlife, are major primary producers and provide habitat and food for numerous fish and invertebrate species. While some seaweed meadows underwent major losses of seaweed cover over summer to winter, other meadows retained a high amount of seaweed year-round. Spatial planning of marine pa ...
Dinger EC, Hendrickson DA, Winsborough BM, Marks JC (2006)
... but larval fishes, and larger (6.5 mm) cages to exclude all larger fishes (including the molluscivorous and omnivorous endemic polymorphic cichlid, Herichthys minckleyi), but allow access to all sizes of the abundant endemic pupfish, Cyprinodon bifasciatus. No effects of treatments on invertebrate densi ...
... but larval fishes, and larger (6.5 mm) cages to exclude all larger fishes (including the molluscivorous and omnivorous endemic polymorphic cichlid, Herichthys minckleyi), but allow access to all sizes of the abundant endemic pupfish, Cyprinodon bifasciatus. No effects of treatments on invertebrate densi ...
Quantifying Avian Predation on Fish Populations: Integrating
... thrown by a researcher walking through the colony area) during two to four discrete occasions (weeks) throughout the nesting season (hereafter, “test tags”). Detections (i.e., recoveries) of the test tags during scanning efforts conducted after the birds had dispersed from the colony were used to mo ...
... thrown by a researcher walking through the colony area) during two to four discrete occasions (weeks) throughout the nesting season (hereafter, “test tags”). Detections (i.e., recoveries) of the test tags during scanning efforts conducted after the birds had dispersed from the colony were used to mo ...
Do marine phytoplankton follow Bergmann`s rule sensu lato
... Global warming has revitalized interest in the relationship between body size and temperature, proposed by Bergmann’s rule 150 years ago, one of the oldest manifestations of a ‘biogeography of traits’. We review biogeographic evidence, results from clonal cultures and recent micro- and mesocosm expe ...
... Global warming has revitalized interest in the relationship between body size and temperature, proposed by Bergmann’s rule 150 years ago, one of the oldest manifestations of a ‘biogeography of traits’. We review biogeographic evidence, results from clonal cultures and recent micro- and mesocosm expe ...
Biodiversity_and_EMAS_European_B+B_Campaign
... Most companies have a two-way relationship with nature /biodiversity: On the one hand they may have direct impacts on biodiversity and ecosystems through their core operations or indirectly through their supply chain, or through their lending and investment choices. On the other hand, many companies ...
... Most companies have a two-way relationship with nature /biodiversity: On the one hand they may have direct impacts on biodiversity and ecosystems through their core operations or indirectly through their supply chain, or through their lending and investment choices. On the other hand, many companies ...
Human impact on the nitrogen cycle
Human impact on the nitrogen cycle is diverse. Agricultural and industrial nitrogen (N) inputs to the environment currently exceed inputs from natural N fixation. As a consequence of anthropogenic inputs, the global nitrogen cycle (Fig. 1) has been significantly altered over the past century. Global atmospheric nitrous oxide (N2O) mole fractions have increased from a pre-industrial value of ~270 nmol/mol to ~319 nmol/mol in 2005. Human activities account for over one-third of N2O emissions, most of which are due to the agricultural sector. This article is intended to give a brief review of the history of anthropogenic N inputs, and reported impacts of nitrogen inputs on selected terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.