The impacts of wind power on terrestrial mammals
... (2007) proposed that the largest impact of wind power on terrestrial mammals lies in the indirect factors, mainly human disturbance. This impact can lead to increased stress levels in the proximity of wind farms or that animals avoid the proximity of wind farms, leading to decreased habitat quality, ...
... (2007) proposed that the largest impact of wind power on terrestrial mammals lies in the indirect factors, mainly human disturbance. This impact can lead to increased stress levels in the proximity of wind farms or that animals avoid the proximity of wind farms, leading to decreased habitat quality, ...
The Biology of Lakes and Ponds
... modern evolutionary and ecological theory to freshwater systems. This has resulted in a large number of studies on physiological, morphological, and behavioural adaptations among organisms to abiotic and biotic factors and how interactions between biotic processes and abiotic constraints determine t ...
... modern evolutionary and ecological theory to freshwater systems. This has resulted in a large number of studies on physiological, morphological, and behavioural adaptations among organisms to abiotic and biotic factors and how interactions between biotic processes and abiotic constraints determine t ...
Document
... compartments (Lindeman 1942; Odum 1962; 1971). This approach facilitates a synopsis of abiotic and biotic processes, but generally includes only indirectly non-trophic relationships such as competition, resistance and symbiosis (MacArthur & Wilson 1967; Tilman 1982; Olff et al. 2009). An ecosystem i ...
... compartments (Lindeman 1942; Odum 1962; 1971). This approach facilitates a synopsis of abiotic and biotic processes, but generally includes only indirectly non-trophic relationships such as competition, resistance and symbiosis (MacArthur & Wilson 1967; Tilman 1982; Olff et al. 2009). An ecosystem i ...
Ecosystem Services: From Biodiversity to Society, Part 1
... Ecosystem services (ES) are the natural functions and processes of ecosystems which are of value to humans. By definition, therefore, ES are an anthropocentric concept: humans are the focus of ES (Fig. 1). This means that it is essential to acknowledge the social, economic and ecological systems wit ...
... Ecosystem services (ES) are the natural functions and processes of ecosystems which are of value to humans. By definition, therefore, ES are an anthropocentric concept: humans are the focus of ES (Fig. 1). This means that it is essential to acknowledge the social, economic and ecological systems wit ...
weakly density-dependent mortality and the coexistence of species
... is generally defined as some parameter space in which persistence is possible (Slobodkin, 1961; Levin, 1970). It has been pointed out by Hutchinson (1961) and Slobodkin (1961) that – despite its tautological nature – the competitive exclusion principle is nevertheless useful if it is understood as a ...
... is generally defined as some parameter space in which persistence is possible (Slobodkin, 1961; Levin, 1970). It has been pointed out by Hutchinson (1961) and Slobodkin (1961) that – despite its tautological nature – the competitive exclusion principle is nevertheless useful if it is understood as a ...
Special Sessions Sponsored or Co
... Insect outbreaks and forest ecosystems: Patterns, causes, and impacts Contact: Dominik Kulakowski ([email protected]) A Geographic Perspective on the Status of Whitebark Pine Communities in Western North America Contact: Evan Larson ([email protected]) or Saskia van de Gevel ([email protected] ...
... Insect outbreaks and forest ecosystems: Patterns, causes, and impacts Contact: Dominik Kulakowski ([email protected]) A Geographic Perspective on the Status of Whitebark Pine Communities in Western North America Contact: Evan Larson ([email protected]) or Saskia van de Gevel ([email protected] ...
A synthetic review of feedbacks and drivers of shrub encroachment
... (i) regional and global climate warming; (ii) increase in atmospheric CO2 concentrations; (iii) fire management; and (iv) grazing management. The purpose of this report is to synthesize these mechanisms and the associated biotic and abiotic processes into a single framework and to examine the persist ...
... (i) regional and global climate warming; (ii) increase in atmospheric CO2 concentrations; (iii) fire management; and (iv) grazing management. The purpose of this report is to synthesize these mechanisms and the associated biotic and abiotic processes into a single framework and to examine the persist ...
Plant Diversity Affects Performance of Invasive Thistles in Restored
... recent disturbance or opening caused by fire, flooding or overgrazing. If there are no natural enemies to control its population, whether it is insects, herbivores, or pathogens, an invasive may be more successful. Additionally, an invasive species can establish by directly outcompeting a native pla ...
... recent disturbance or opening caused by fire, flooding or overgrazing. If there are no natural enemies to control its population, whether it is insects, herbivores, or pathogens, an invasive may be more successful. Additionally, an invasive species can establish by directly outcompeting a native pla ...
Amphibians as Models for Studying Environmental Change
... addition, studies on amphibian declines have provided insight into the complexity in which multiple independent factors may interact with one another to produce catastrophic and sometimes unpredictable effects. Because of the complexity of these problems, amphibian ecologists have been among the str ...
... addition, studies on amphibian declines have provided insight into the complexity in which multiple independent factors may interact with one another to produce catastrophic and sometimes unpredictable effects. Because of the complexity of these problems, amphibian ecologists have been among the str ...
Conceptual Ecological Modelling of Shallow Sublittoral Sand
... The purpose of this study is to produce a series of conceptual ecological models (CEMs) which represent shallow sublittoral sand habitats in the UK. CEMs are diagrammatic representations of the influences and processes which occur within an ecosystem. They can be used to identify critical aspects of ...
... The purpose of this study is to produce a series of conceptual ecological models (CEMs) which represent shallow sublittoral sand habitats in the UK. CEMs are diagrammatic representations of the influences and processes which occur within an ecosystem. They can be used to identify critical aspects of ...
Effects of saltwater intrusion on vegetation dynamics and nutrient pools in low-salinity tidal marshes, Pamunkey River (Virginia, USA)
... Perry et al. 2009) and primary productivity – higher than most other ecosystems (Baldwin et al. 2001). Tidal marshes support estuarine food webs through carbon (C) and nutrient additions; the temporal and spatial variation of this C pulse into the estuary varies by system. Tidal freshwater marshes ( ...
... Perry et al. 2009) and primary productivity – higher than most other ecosystems (Baldwin et al. 2001). Tidal marshes support estuarine food webs through carbon (C) and nutrient additions; the temporal and spatial variation of this C pulse into the estuary varies by system. Tidal freshwater marshes ( ...
Perennial Herbaceous Biomass Production and Harvest in the
... mixtures on drier sites and switchgrass on either dry or wet sites (depending on cultivar – upland or lowland) to take advantage of the range of growing conditions native grasses provide. • Avoid tiling or ditching to drain water from land or in-field low areas that provide important wetland habitat ...
... mixtures on drier sites and switchgrass on either dry or wet sites (depending on cultivar – upland or lowland) to take advantage of the range of growing conditions native grasses provide. • Avoid tiling or ditching to drain water from land or in-field low areas that provide important wetland habitat ...
Recreational use of forests and disturbance of wildlife
... are ‘permanent’ changes such as habitat destruction or modification. Trampling can cause this type of disturbance through, for example, the creation and degradation of trails and paths. Type 3 disturbances, according to Liddle, involve the capture or killing of wildlife. Hunting is the most obvious ...
... are ‘permanent’ changes such as habitat destruction or modification. Trampling can cause this type of disturbance through, for example, the creation and degradation of trails and paths. Type 3 disturbances, according to Liddle, involve the capture or killing of wildlife. Hunting is the most obvious ...
11: Impacts on GBR WHA
... will not constitute a visual impact on ‘unparalleled aerial vistas’ of the Great Barrier Reef, for reasons listed in Section 11.2.1 above. Aerial views of HHI are in the context of the port, industrial and residential development associated with Gladstone, and are not part of a tourism experience of ...
... will not constitute a visual impact on ‘unparalleled aerial vistas’ of the Great Barrier Reef, for reasons listed in Section 11.2.1 above. Aerial views of HHI are in the context of the port, industrial and residential development associated with Gladstone, and are not part of a tourism experience of ...
2015 Program - Western Society of Naturalists
... who have pre-registered. Those who have not pre-registered but wish to attend the meeting can pay for membership and registration (with a $20 late fee) at the registration table. Unfortunately, banquet tickets cannot be sold at the meeting because the hotel requires final counts of attendees well in ...
... who have pre-registered. Those who have not pre-registered but wish to attend the meeting can pay for membership and registration (with a $20 late fee) at the registration table. Unfortunately, banquet tickets cannot be sold at the meeting because the hotel requires final counts of attendees well in ...
Moose Population Density and Habitat Productivity as Drivers of
... I found that moose can have a significant impact on the morphology arid productivity of the main food plants in winter, Scots pine (Pinus sylvestrzs) and hirch (Refulupubescens and B. pendula). The outcome was. highly dependent on mnose density. At “low” to ”moderate” moose densities, small and non- ...
... I found that moose can have a significant impact on the morphology arid productivity of the main food plants in winter, Scots pine (Pinus sylvestrzs) and hirch (Refulupubescens and B. pendula). The outcome was. highly dependent on mnose density. At “low” to ”moderate” moose densities, small and non- ...
E English Case Study Trondheimsfjord
... Several large studies on the pollution status of the Trondheimsfjord have been done. These have identified local problems, mostly quite near to the largest population centres and shipping harbours. However, the general picture is that the situation in the fjord is good, especially in comparison with ...
... Several large studies on the pollution status of the Trondheimsfjord have been done. These have identified local problems, mostly quite near to the largest population centres and shipping harbours. However, the general picture is that the situation in the fjord is good, especially in comparison with ...
Nitrous Oxide and Methane Emissions from Storage and Land
... storage and emitted significantly more N2O than other treatments, but had the lowest CH4 emissions. Emissions of N2O after SS application to soil were low, but stimulated by wet soil and precipitation, while CH4 emissions were negligible, with no differences between immediate and delayed incorporati ...
... storage and emitted significantly more N2O than other treatments, but had the lowest CH4 emissions. Emissions of N2O after SS application to soil were low, but stimulated by wet soil and precipitation, while CH4 emissions were negligible, with no differences between immediate and delayed incorporati ...
Niche distribution and influence of environmental parameters
... determined by stochastic processes only. In an extreme version of this theory, all species are considered ecologically equivalent, and their abundances between environments are influenced exclusively by random events of birth, death and dispersion (Jeraldo et al., 2012). In contrast, niche theory is ...
... determined by stochastic processes only. In an extreme version of this theory, all species are considered ecologically equivalent, and their abundances between environments are influenced exclusively by random events of birth, death and dispersion (Jeraldo et al., 2012). In contrast, niche theory is ...
- Vision Landwirtschaft
... Organic Agriculture should build on relationships that ensure fairness with regard to the common environment and life opportunities Fairness is characterized by equity, respect, justice and stewardship of the shared world, both among people and in their relations to other living beings. This princip ...
... Organic Agriculture should build on relationships that ensure fairness with regard to the common environment and life opportunities Fairness is characterized by equity, respect, justice and stewardship of the shared world, both among people and in their relations to other living beings. This princip ...
Fractal Hypothesis of the Pelagic Microbial Ecosystem—Can Simple
... Understanding the functioning of this important community is thus subject to intensive research, and many questions related to regulating processes and impacts of environmental change remain open. Perhaps an even more fundamental biological question regards the enormous biodiversity that is generate ...
... Understanding the functioning of this important community is thus subject to intensive research, and many questions related to regulating processes and impacts of environmental change remain open. Perhaps an even more fundamental biological question regards the enormous biodiversity that is generate ...
13.1 Ecologists Study Relationships
... chemical through the biological and geological parts of an ecosystem. • The main processes involved in the carbon / oxygen cycle are photosynthesis and respiration. • Together the carbon & oxygen cycle make up what we call “the circle of life” ...
... chemical through the biological and geological parts of an ecosystem. • The main processes involved in the carbon / oxygen cycle are photosynthesis and respiration. • Together the carbon & oxygen cycle make up what we call “the circle of life” ...
ABSTRACT Title of Document:
... Chapter 1: Detritivores mediate predator-herbivore interactions Table 1. ANOVA results for the main and interactive effects of the detritivorous isopod Littorophiloscia vittata (I), the herbivorous planthopper Prokelisia dolus (H), the predaceous spider Pardosa littoralis (P), and leaf litter (L) on ...
... Chapter 1: Detritivores mediate predator-herbivore interactions Table 1. ANOVA results for the main and interactive effects of the detritivorous isopod Littorophiloscia vittata (I), the herbivorous planthopper Prokelisia dolus (H), the predaceous spider Pardosa littoralis (P), and leaf litter (L) on ...
Human impact on the nitrogen cycle
Human impact on the nitrogen cycle is diverse. Agricultural and industrial nitrogen (N) inputs to the environment currently exceed inputs from natural N fixation. As a consequence of anthropogenic inputs, the global nitrogen cycle (Fig. 1) has been significantly altered over the past century. Global atmospheric nitrous oxide (N2O) mole fractions have increased from a pre-industrial value of ~270 nmol/mol to ~319 nmol/mol in 2005. Human activities account for over one-third of N2O emissions, most of which are due to the agricultural sector. This article is intended to give a brief review of the history of anthropogenic N inputs, and reported impacts of nitrogen inputs on selected terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.