Facilitation of fisheries by natural predators
... strength of overcompensatory responses depends on the type of mortality imposed, i.e. size-independent or size-specific (de Roos et al. 2007). The extent to which the potential for biomass overcompensation varies among species is not known, although it has been speculated that differences in life-h ...
... strength of overcompensatory responses depends on the type of mortality imposed, i.e. size-independent or size-specific (de Roos et al. 2007). The extent to which the potential for biomass overcompensation varies among species is not known, although it has been speculated that differences in life-h ...
Ecosystem Flips, Locks, and Feedbacks: the
... magnitude of fishing effects are well documented, but when fishing or any extraction of natural resources depletes species that are strong ecosystem drivers (i.e., highly interactive species), its impacts extend well beyond those species and affect the entire ecosystem (Soulé et al. 2003). Here, we ...
... magnitude of fishing effects are well documented, but when fishing or any extraction of natural resources depletes species that are strong ecosystem drivers (i.e., highly interactive species), its impacts extend well beyond those species and affect the entire ecosystem (Soulé et al. 2003). Here, we ...
Sensitive Ecosystems Inventory: East Vancouver Island and Gulf
... limited audience or is too extensive to be accommodated in scientific journals or in existing CWS series. Demand for these Technical Reports is usually confined to specialists in the fields concerned. Consequently, they are produced regionally and in small quantities; they can be obtained only from ...
... limited audience or is too extensive to be accommodated in scientific journals or in existing CWS series. Demand for these Technical Reports is usually confined to specialists in the fields concerned. Consequently, they are produced regionally and in small quantities; they can be obtained only from ...
Root–root interactions: extending our perspective
... (1997) show that below-ground competition occurs essentially for water, nutrients and space, which is more complex than competition above ground. Root competition, defined as the reduction in the availability of soil resources caused by another root (Ricklefs and Miller, 1999) was often the only int ...
... (1997) show that below-ground competition occurs essentially for water, nutrients and space, which is more complex than competition above ground. Root competition, defined as the reduction in the availability of soil resources caused by another root (Ricklefs and Miller, 1999) was often the only int ...
How climate change responses by land managers could benefit
... primary production from its lands to drive its economy and increase wealth. All of the land management sectors – forestry, dairy, sheep and beef, horticulture, cropping, viticulture – are potentially affected by climate change. Our native plants and animals – our biodiversity – will also be affected ...
... primary production from its lands to drive its economy and increase wealth. All of the land management sectors – forestry, dairy, sheep and beef, horticulture, cropping, viticulture – are potentially affected by climate change. Our native plants and animals – our biodiversity – will also be affected ...
Fertilizer Primer - College of Agricultural and Life Sciences
... of Agriculture, Charlotte V. Eberlein, Interim Director of Cooperative Extension, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 84844. The University of Idaho provides equal opportunity in education and employment on the basis of race, color, religion, national origin, age, gender, disability, or status as a V ...
... of Agriculture, Charlotte V. Eberlein, Interim Director of Cooperative Extension, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 84844. The University of Idaho provides equal opportunity in education and employment on the basis of race, color, religion, national origin, age, gender, disability, or status as a V ...
Biodiversity, Functioning - School of Natural Resources and
... between green (living plant-based) and brown (detrital-based) food webs. A recent meta-analysis of top-down and bottom-up effects in detrital food webs (Srivastava et al., 2009) showed that detrital processing (top-down effects) was increased by high detritivore diversity, but showed variable respon ...
... between green (living plant-based) and brown (detrital-based) food webs. A recent meta-analysis of top-down and bottom-up effects in detrital food webs (Srivastava et al., 2009) showed that detrital processing (top-down effects) was increased by high detritivore diversity, but showed variable respon ...
Marine Protected Areas: A review of their use for delivering marine
... HPMRs compared to outside them, or after reserve establishment compared to before. These benefits have also been reported from multiple-use MPAs which include HPMRs. There is also some evidence of positive species community effects such as greater complexity of food webs and increased primary and se ...
... HPMRs compared to outside them, or after reserve establishment compared to before. These benefits have also been reported from multiple-use MPAs which include HPMRs. There is also some evidence of positive species community effects such as greater complexity of food webs and increased primary and se ...
Impact of pocket gopher disturbance on plant species diversity in a
... This community is a dosed grassland (Grubb 1977); in the absence of pocket gopher disturbance there is continuous cover. Individual seedlings were marked and classified as either growing in open (disturbed) or closed (undisturbed) habitat (see Tilman t982). Thus, for each plot we obtained a proporti ...
... This community is a dosed grassland (Grubb 1977); in the absence of pocket gopher disturbance there is continuous cover. Individual seedlings were marked and classified as either growing in open (disturbed) or closed (undisturbed) habitat (see Tilman t982). Thus, for each plot we obtained a proporti ...
Biodiversity and resilience of ecosystem functions
... Previous studies have attempted to identify characteristics of resilient systems from a broad ...
... Previous studies have attempted to identify characteristics of resilient systems from a broad ...
Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD)
... • This technique is often used in many thin film applications. • By varying the experimental conditions—substrate material, substrate temperature, composition of the reaction gas mixture, total pressure gas flows, etc.— materials with different properties can be grown. ...
... • This technique is often used in many thin film applications. • By varying the experimental conditions—substrate material, substrate temperature, composition of the reaction gas mixture, total pressure gas flows, etc.— materials with different properties can be grown. ...
Willow-characterised shrub vegetation in tundra and its relation to
... accommodation and laboratory facilities by the Finnish Forest Research Institute (METLA). During this time, I had fruitful discussion with Timo Helle and Sari Stark on issues concerning reindeer pastures. Sari Stark also helped me with soil analyses. In addition to my supervisors, I had additional g ...
... accommodation and laboratory facilities by the Finnish Forest Research Institute (METLA). During this time, I had fruitful discussion with Timo Helle and Sari Stark on issues concerning reindeer pastures. Sari Stark also helped me with soil analyses. In addition to my supervisors, I had additional g ...
Fire, Defoliation, and Competing Species Alter Aristida
... combinations (16 B. gracilis, 14 P. smithii, and 57 A. purpurea) not subjected to treatments. Production was estimated as the sum of combusted, clipped, and final biomass. The two distinct measurements of plant mass are hereafter referred to simply as biomass (i.e., final) and production. All harves ...
... combinations (16 B. gracilis, 14 P. smithii, and 57 A. purpurea) not subjected to treatments. Production was estimated as the sum of combusted, clipped, and final biomass. The two distinct measurements of plant mass are hereafter referred to simply as biomass (i.e., final) and production. All harves ...
pdf document, 1.67 mb - Society for Tropical Ecology
... 1365 and is also amongst the largest universities in Central Europe. Currently over 91,000 students are enrolled in over 180 different curricula, from the Bachelor to the PhD level. ...
... 1365 and is also amongst the largest universities in Central Europe. Currently over 91,000 students are enrolled in over 180 different curricula, from the Bachelor to the PhD level. ...
Predicting invasion in grassland ecosystems: is exotic
... currently have little understanding of the patterns of exotic dominance, even though it is likely to be functionally more significant than richness (Lodge, 1993; Mills et al., 1994; Seabloom & Wiedemann, 1994; Vitousek et al., 1997; Parker et al., 1999; Levine et al., 2003), because dominant species ...
... currently have little understanding of the patterns of exotic dominance, even though it is likely to be functionally more significant than richness (Lodge, 1993; Mills et al., 1994; Seabloom & Wiedemann, 1994; Vitousek et al., 1997; Parker et al., 1999; Levine et al., 2003), because dominant species ...
The Condition of Uncaria Gambir Roxb. as One of
... into Al3+ and Fe3+. Al and Fe solubility is then caused the ground to become acidic (low pH) 9. The Table 2 recorded the levels of soil organic matter of Gambier in Pakpak Bharat pertained into medium to high which means it is enough to support growth of Gambier plant production so that the providin ...
... into Al3+ and Fe3+. Al and Fe solubility is then caused the ground to become acidic (low pH) 9. The Table 2 recorded the levels of soil organic matter of Gambier in Pakpak Bharat pertained into medium to high which means it is enough to support growth of Gambier plant production so that the providin ...
Improving Cover Crops with Crimson Clover
... be colonized by rhizobia bacteria to be able to convert atmospheric N into plant available forms. Crimson clover fixes more N and produces more biomass if inoculated with the proper rhizobia bacteria. Inoculate the seed prior to planting with the rhizobium inoculant for true clovers. Always use an i ...
... be colonized by rhizobia bacteria to be able to convert atmospheric N into plant available forms. Crimson clover fixes more N and produces more biomass if inoculated with the proper rhizobia bacteria. Inoculate the seed prior to planting with the rhizobium inoculant for true clovers. Always use an i ...
Impacts of Urban Prairie Dogs on Soils in Boulder
... northern Mexico, retain their beneficial ecosystem effects, such as increased vegetation richness, diversity, and evenness. This is due to the fact that these pristine conditions are not as restrictive to prairie dog movements and colony expansions (Beals, 2012, & Coppock et al. 1983). In comparison ...
... northern Mexico, retain their beneficial ecosystem effects, such as increased vegetation richness, diversity, and evenness. This is due to the fact that these pristine conditions are not as restrictive to prairie dog movements and colony expansions (Beals, 2012, & Coppock et al. 1983). In comparison ...
modeling the role of primary productivity disruption in end
... as ours is the fact that very little can be stated precisely about the mechanisms by which disruptions of primary production might cause secondary extinctions in ancient communities. This is because the mechanisms must operate through complex trophic pathways and systems of sometimes poorly known sp ...
... as ours is the fact that very little can be stated precisely about the mechanisms by which disruptions of primary production might cause secondary extinctions in ancient communities. This is because the mechanisms must operate through complex trophic pathways and systems of sometimes poorly known sp ...
Ecological Effects of Pesticides
... At a community level, ecology can be defined as complex interactions that exist among interdependent organisms that cohabitate the same geographical area and with their environment (Johnson and Strinchcombe, 2007). At individual level, it entails the relationships that exist between that particular ...
... At a community level, ecology can be defined as complex interactions that exist among interdependent organisms that cohabitate the same geographical area and with their environment (Johnson and Strinchcombe, 2007). At individual level, it entails the relationships that exist between that particular ...
stability of terrestrial ecosystems as to pest organisms
... The role of CESPPs 2.1.2.4.1. might be illustrated by the case of Zanduri - an ancient wheat cultivar (such cultivars are called "land races"), which was grown over a long time in the western Georgia (the Transcaucasus, Former Soviet Union). The resistance of it to phytopathogens was evaluated and g ...
... The role of CESPPs 2.1.2.4.1. might be illustrated by the case of Zanduri - an ancient wheat cultivar (such cultivars are called "land races"), which was grown over a long time in the western Georgia (the Transcaucasus, Former Soviet Union). The resistance of it to phytopathogens was evaluated and g ...
Soil Zoology
... independently of previous knowledge derived from conventional studies such as food choice tests, litter bags or gut analysis. Combined G15N and G13C analysis has proven useful to identify gradual soil and litter-feeding habits among sympatric species of earthworms (Schmidt et al. 1997, 2004) and ter ...
... independently of previous knowledge derived from conventional studies such as food choice tests, litter bags or gut analysis. Combined G15N and G13C analysis has proven useful to identify gradual soil and litter-feeding habits among sympatric species of earthworms (Schmidt et al. 1997, 2004) and ter ...
Legume presence increases photosynthesis and N concentrations
... providing more N for CO2-induced increases in growth. The dependence of photosynthesis on nitrogenous compounds results in a general positive relationship between light-saturated photosynthetic rate (A) and leaf N concentration (Reich et al. 1997; Peterson et al. 1999). Growth and physiological resp ...
... providing more N for CO2-induced increases in growth. The dependence of photosynthesis on nitrogenous compounds results in a general positive relationship between light-saturated photosynthetic rate (A) and leaf N concentration (Reich et al. 1997; Peterson et al. 1999). Growth and physiological resp ...
Eartworms in a plant diversity gradient
... Eisenhauer N, Straube D and Scheu S (2008) Efficiency of two widespread non-destructive extraction methods under dry soil conditions for different ecological earthworm groups. European Journal of Soil Biology 44: 141-145. ...
... Eisenhauer N, Straube D and Scheu S (2008) Efficiency of two widespread non-destructive extraction methods under dry soil conditions for different ecological earthworm groups. European Journal of Soil Biology 44: 141-145. ...
Mass-Balance Analyses of Boreal Forest Population
... concepts of utilization efficiency or the ecotrophic coefficient (Kozlovsky 1968). Unconsumed production becomes detritus, for instance via disease, injury, starvation-induced mortality, or uneaten kills. Biomass accumulation and emigration (⌬B greater than 0) raise the value of EE calculated in Eco ...
... concepts of utilization efficiency or the ecotrophic coefficient (Kozlovsky 1968). Unconsumed production becomes detritus, for instance via disease, injury, starvation-induced mortality, or uneaten kills. Biomass accumulation and emigration (⌬B greater than 0) raise the value of EE calculated in Eco ...
Human impact on the nitrogen cycle
Human impact on the nitrogen cycle is diverse. Agricultural and industrial nitrogen (N) inputs to the environment currently exceed inputs from natural N fixation. As a consequence of anthropogenic inputs, the global nitrogen cycle (Fig. 1) has been significantly altered over the past century. Global atmospheric nitrous oxide (N2O) mole fractions have increased from a pre-industrial value of ~270 nmol/mol to ~319 nmol/mol in 2005. Human activities account for over one-third of N2O emissions, most of which are due to the agricultural sector. This article is intended to give a brief review of the history of anthropogenic N inputs, and reported impacts of nitrogen inputs on selected terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.