To Build an Ecosystem
... • When you factor in how few plants are eaten by grazers, and how few mice are actually captured by the weasels, then far less than 10% of the available energy actually moves between these particular species which occupy different trophic levels. (Although, the mice may be eating other food items i ...
... • When you factor in how few plants are eaten by grazers, and how few mice are actually captured by the weasels, then far less than 10% of the available energy actually moves between these particular species which occupy different trophic levels. (Although, the mice may be eating other food items i ...
Chapter V Vascular plant litter input in subarctic
... processing in a high-latitude peat bog system. Moreover, we assessed the effects of changing litter inputs on their abundance, diversity and diet choice, using a 13C tracer approach. The δ13C signatures of springtails showed that they contributed significantly to the decomposition of peat moss (Spha ...
... processing in a high-latitude peat bog system. Moreover, we assessed the effects of changing litter inputs on their abundance, diversity and diet choice, using a 13C tracer approach. The δ13C signatures of springtails showed that they contributed significantly to the decomposition of peat moss (Spha ...
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... conventional tillage. With this practice, lost an average of 3348 kgha-1available nitrogen, 744 kgha-1available phosphorous and 6603 kgha-1available potassium. The zero tillage/ reduce tillage technologies like happy seeder and rotavator with recycling of paddy straw can add considerable quantity of ...
... conventional tillage. With this practice, lost an average of 3348 kgha-1available nitrogen, 744 kgha-1available phosphorous and 6603 kgha-1available potassium. The zero tillage/ reduce tillage technologies like happy seeder and rotavator with recycling of paddy straw can add considerable quantity of ...
Interactions between organisms and the abiotic environment
... Rate at which producers use photosynthesis to fix inorganic carbon into the organic carbon of their tissues These producers must use some of the total biomass they produce for their own respiration ...
... Rate at which producers use photosynthesis to fix inorganic carbon into the organic carbon of their tissues These producers must use some of the total biomass they produce for their own respiration ...
book of abstracts
... The Society for Tropical Ecology promotes and communicates new and emerging knowledge among tropical ecologists to advance the understanding of tropical ecosystems and their protection. It is currently Europe’s largest scientific association in this field of research with about 500 members. The aim ...
... The Society for Tropical Ecology promotes and communicates new and emerging knowledge among tropical ecologists to advance the understanding of tropical ecosystems and their protection. It is currently Europe’s largest scientific association in this field of research with about 500 members. The aim ...
Direct and indirect effects of nutrients on
... without a colony, and Powell et al. (1989) reported enhanced productivity of seagrass where guano deposition was locally elevated with experimental bird perches. Although guano adds nutrients to the system, guano may not necessarily enhance plant biomass or productivity. Benthic plant biomass may be ...
... without a colony, and Powell et al. (1989) reported enhanced productivity of seagrass where guano deposition was locally elevated with experimental bird perches. Although guano adds nutrients to the system, guano may not necessarily enhance plant biomass or productivity. Benthic plant biomass may be ...
RESILIENCE OF TROPICAL ECOSYSTEMS – FUTURE
... The Society for Tropical Ecology promotes and communicates new and emerging knowledge among tropical ecologists to advance the understanding of tropical ecosystems and their protection. It is currently Europe’s largest scientific association in this field of research with about 500 members. The aim ...
... The Society for Tropical Ecology promotes and communicates new and emerging knowledge among tropical ecologists to advance the understanding of tropical ecosystems and their protection. It is currently Europe’s largest scientific association in this field of research with about 500 members. The aim ...
INFLUENCES OF PEA MORPHOLOGY AND INTERACTING
... differences across five pea genotypes that differed architecturally (Sandstrom and Pettersson 1994). These authors found highest aphid performance (survival, prereproductive period, weight, fecundity and population growth rate) on peas, followed by broad bean, alfalfa and red clover, respectively. F ...
... differences across five pea genotypes that differed architecturally (Sandstrom and Pettersson 1994). These authors found highest aphid performance (survival, prereproductive period, weight, fecundity and population growth rate) on peas, followed by broad bean, alfalfa and red clover, respectively. F ...
Soil-Disturbance Field Guide
... is described in detail in Reynolds et al. (2008). A risk-rating model has been developed that, in brief, views each soil in terms of a bank account. Some assumptions include: • Degree and extent of soil disturbance has a potentially greater effect on shallow or infertile soil than it does on deep or ...
... is described in detail in Reynolds et al. (2008). A risk-rating model has been developed that, in brief, views each soil in terms of a bank account. Some assumptions include: • Degree and extent of soil disturbance has a potentially greater effect on shallow or infertile soil than it does on deep or ...
[FSH] 1909.12 - USDA Forest Service
... 1. Identify and assess a solid base of available information relevant to the plan development or plan revision, by: a. Identifying available, relevant information by reviewing a range of sources and information provided by the public and other governmental entities, including potential information s ...
... 1. Identify and assess a solid base of available information relevant to the plan development or plan revision, by: a. Identifying available, relevant information by reviewing a range of sources and information provided by the public and other governmental entities, including potential information s ...
Final report on Effects of environment on
... The scientific objectives of the project ‘Can demersal fishing cause long-term changes in benthic community structure’ were as follows: 1. To study the effects of different intensities and frequencies of fishing disturbance on different benthic communities in the North and Celtic Seas (completed on ...
... The scientific objectives of the project ‘Can demersal fishing cause long-term changes in benthic community structure’ were as follows: 1. To study the effects of different intensities and frequencies of fishing disturbance on different benthic communities in the North and Celtic Seas (completed on ...
Ecological functions of earthworms in soil - Wageningen UR E
... (Blair et al. 1997; Sheehan et al. 2008), earthworms usually boost microbial activity, either through ingestion and gut passage (Drake and Horn 2007; Depkat-Jakob et al. 2010), or by mixing soil with organic matter and providing favourable microhabitats (Devliegher and Verstraete 1997; Parkin and Be ...
... (Blair et al. 1997; Sheehan et al. 2008), earthworms usually boost microbial activity, either through ingestion and gut passage (Drake and Horn 2007; Depkat-Jakob et al. 2010), or by mixing soil with organic matter and providing favourable microhabitats (Devliegher and Verstraete 1997; Parkin and Be ...
Relative impacts of copepods, cladocerans and
... biomasses per litre) had a relatively weak effect on ciliates, suppressing ciliate abundance only after 4 days at 8 Daphnia I 1 (330 ^.g I 1 ); this daphniid density also depressed abundances of large bacterial rods, some photosynthetic picoplankton and the dominant alga, Cyclotella. These results h ...
... biomasses per litre) had a relatively weak effect on ciliates, suppressing ciliate abundance only after 4 days at 8 Daphnia I 1 (330 ^.g I 1 ); this daphniid density also depressed abundances of large bacterial rods, some photosynthetic picoplankton and the dominant alga, Cyclotella. These results h ...
SOIL
... Color. Dark colored soil is usually found at the surface, unless there has been intense leaching of organic material, such as in a conifereous forest, or deposition has occurred where new parent material has been deposited on top of a soil profile that was already developed. Texture. In general, ...
... Color. Dark colored soil is usually found at the surface, unless there has been intense leaching of organic material, such as in a conifereous forest, or deposition has occurred where new parent material has been deposited on top of a soil profile that was already developed. Texture. In general, ...
edible forest gardens
... All rights reserved. No part of this book may be transmitted in any form by any means without permission in writing from the publisher. Disclaimer: T h e authors of this book have made every effort to ensure that the information presented herein is accurate, upto-date, and truthful and to warn reade ...
... All rights reserved. No part of this book may be transmitted in any form by any means without permission in writing from the publisher. Disclaimer: T h e authors of this book have made every effort to ensure that the information presented herein is accurate, upto-date, and truthful and to warn reade ...
Introduction to Ecological Landscaping: A
... that can—and arguably should—guide socially and environmentally responsible landscaping decisions. As such, the ubiquitous plant/structure-centered landscaping perspective and the landscaping designs and activities associated with it should not be called “ecological” because their purview is too foc ...
... that can—and arguably should—guide socially and environmentally responsible landscaping decisions. As such, the ubiquitous plant/structure-centered landscaping perspective and the landscaping designs and activities associated with it should not be called “ecological” because their purview is too foc ...
Contents Organising committee - New Zealand Ecological Society
... only separated by a small sea, it is interesting that both Australia and New Zealand have experienced such different histories over the last few millions of years. Developing in isolation from each other, the ecology of the two countries diverged. Such differences between two land masses creates gre ...
... only separated by a small sea, it is interesting that both Australia and New Zealand have experienced such different histories over the last few millions of years. Developing in isolation from each other, the ecology of the two countries diverged. Such differences between two land masses creates gre ...
Algal Biomass and Biodiesel Production
... loss, due to the cutting of existing forests and the utilization of ecological importance areas [Renewable Fuel Agency, 200]. Biodiesel may also be disadvantageous when replacing crops used for human consumption or if its feedstocks are cultivated in forests and other critical habitats with associat ...
... loss, due to the cutting of existing forests and the utilization of ecological importance areas [Renewable Fuel Agency, 200]. Biodiesel may also be disadvantageous when replacing crops used for human consumption or if its feedstocks are cultivated in forests and other critical habitats with associat ...
Chapter_3_Revised - Earth and Space Science GIS and stuff
... sediment and decomposes into unconsolidated secondary minerals or dissolved ions. Weathering is the chemical or physical alteration of parent material (rock or sediment), and the weathering products that mantle fresh rock (or sediment) are called soil. Weathering processes influence the physical and ...
... sediment and decomposes into unconsolidated secondary minerals or dissolved ions. Weathering is the chemical or physical alteration of parent material (rock or sediment), and the weathering products that mantle fresh rock (or sediment) are called soil. Weathering processes influence the physical and ...
Abiotic and Biotic Factors Regulating Inter
... in microbial biomass and enzymatic activity in warmer temperature than in cooler temperatures [68,69], and a slower rate of decomposition in winter months [70]. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) associated with decomposition were also detected in higher abundance in summer months than in winter mont ...
... in microbial biomass and enzymatic activity in warmer temperature than in cooler temperatures [68,69], and a slower rate of decomposition in winter months [70]. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) associated with decomposition were also detected in higher abundance in summer months than in winter mont ...
Potential Impacts of Climate Change on
... of projected climate change on the biota and ecological processes in the region. The panel members were asked to use their knowledge of the ecosystems of the region, in conjunction with the projected A2 climate change scenario (see DECCW 2010 for details), to make informed estimations about the type ...
... of projected climate change on the biota and ecological processes in the region. The panel members were asked to use their knowledge of the ecosystems of the region, in conjunction with the projected A2 climate change scenario (see DECCW 2010 for details), to make informed estimations about the type ...
Plant diversity controls arthropod biomass and temporal stability
... We analysed the log of diversity, biomass and stability in these models to linearise the bivariate relationships. Model fits without log transformation were similar to those presented here, but transformed variables provided the best-fitting models for the data. This is consistent with previous trea ...
... We analysed the log of diversity, biomass and stability in these models to linearise the bivariate relationships. Model fits without log transformation were similar to those presented here, but transformed variables provided the best-fitting models for the data. This is consistent with previous trea ...
Volume 2, Chapter 4-2 - Digital Commons @ Michigan Tech
... The terrestrial flatworms seem to be relatively well protected from predation. Vertebrates seem to avoid them, most likely due to their mucous secretions when disturbed (Arndt & Manteufel 1925; McGee et al. 1996; Cannon et al. 1999). Arthurdendyus triangulatus (Figure 22) invokes violent reactions i ...
... The terrestrial flatworms seem to be relatively well protected from predation. Vertebrates seem to avoid them, most likely due to their mucous secretions when disturbed (Arndt & Manteufel 1925; McGee et al. 1996; Cannon et al. 1999). Arthurdendyus triangulatus (Figure 22) invokes violent reactions i ...
Forest Diversity and Function
... resilience of these systems. The results of this activity have been chronicled, debated and summarized, as noted in this volume. This discourse has been colored, of course, by the kinds of information available. Unfortunately, there are few results from explicit experiments on the diversity/function ...
... resilience of these systems. The results of this activity have been chronicled, debated and summarized, as noted in this volume. This discourse has been colored, of course, by the kinds of information available. Unfortunately, there are few results from explicit experiments on the diversity/function ...
harmful algal blooms
... microscopic species of algae or the larger, multicellular species -- appear to be more devastating than ever before, and may be increasing over time. Some species recur in the same geographic regions each year, while others are episodic, leading to the unexpected deaths of local fish, shellfish, mam ...
... microscopic species of algae or the larger, multicellular species -- appear to be more devastating than ever before, and may be increasing over time. Some species recur in the same geographic regions each year, while others are episodic, leading to the unexpected deaths of local fish, shellfish, mam ...
Human impact on the nitrogen cycle
Human impact on the nitrogen cycle is diverse. Agricultural and industrial nitrogen (N) inputs to the environment currently exceed inputs from natural N fixation. As a consequence of anthropogenic inputs, the global nitrogen cycle (Fig. 1) has been significantly altered over the past century. Global atmospheric nitrous oxide (N2O) mole fractions have increased from a pre-industrial value of ~270 nmol/mol to ~319 nmol/mol in 2005. Human activities account for over one-third of N2O emissions, most of which are due to the agricultural sector. This article is intended to give a brief review of the history of anthropogenic N inputs, and reported impacts of nitrogen inputs on selected terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.