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SOS 1104 - Makerere University Courses
... Definition of soil science. Sub-disciplines of Soil Science. Distinguish between earth, land and soil. Study the Earth materials, its internal and external processes. Components of land and importance of land to humanity and environment. There will be a brief introduction to classification and recog ...
... Definition of soil science. Sub-disciplines of Soil Science. Distinguish between earth, land and soil. Study the Earth materials, its internal and external processes. Components of land and importance of land to humanity and environment. There will be a brief introduction to classification and recog ...
8 Conflicts over biodiversity
... relation (Galloway, 1992). However, there is no need to be scared off by such difficulties; rather, they serve to highlight the incredibly wide range of biological diversity we are attempting to understand, manage and safeguard. In simple terms, biodiversity is a measure that attempts to describe in ...
... relation (Galloway, 1992). However, there is no need to be scared off by such difficulties; rather, they serve to highlight the incredibly wide range of biological diversity we are attempting to understand, manage and safeguard. In simple terms, biodiversity is a measure that attempts to describe in ...
Balanced harvesting in fisheries: a preliminary analysis of
... and to what extent BH could provide a fishery response to the emerging cross-sectoral concern over maintaining ecosystem structure and, by consequence, function. There has been substantial work on ecosystem structure, for example, on species assemblages and predator–prey relations, from the early wo ...
... and to what extent BH could provide a fishery response to the emerging cross-sectoral concern over maintaining ecosystem structure and, by consequence, function. There has been substantial work on ecosystem structure, for example, on species assemblages and predator–prey relations, from the early wo ...
Impact of topsoil removal for brick-making on
... The agricultural impact of removal of topsoil for brick-making is two fold, viz., a) the costs incurred by the farmers in leveling the field and/or mitigating the hardpan 2 problem by application of tank silt; and b) the loss of soil nutrients. The quantification of costs of leveling the field and m ...
... The agricultural impact of removal of topsoil for brick-making is two fold, viz., a) the costs incurred by the farmers in leveling the field and/or mitigating the hardpan 2 problem by application of tank silt; and b) the loss of soil nutrients. The quantification of costs of leveling the field and m ...
Aquatic Insect Ecology
... environmental conditions, including factors that operate at the landscape level. Thus, insect responses often are used as indicators of water quality conditions in freshwater systems. Longitudinal trends in insect functional feeding groups are an important component of the River Continuum Concept (s ...
... environmental conditions, including factors that operate at the landscape level. Thus, insect responses often are used as indicators of water quality conditions in freshwater systems. Longitudinal trends in insect functional feeding groups are an important component of the River Continuum Concept (s ...
Mangrove Reference Database and Herbarium
... ic coordinates or maps provided by the authors or by existing gazetteers. The MRDH also links to the complete reference of the respective literature record, which is important in a historic research context. All studies in which the mangrove plant species lists proved impossible to be georeferenced ...
... ic coordinates or maps provided by the authors or by existing gazetteers. The MRDH also links to the complete reference of the respective literature record, which is important in a historic research context. All studies in which the mangrove plant species lists proved impossible to be georeferenced ...
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... control by predators (predator control); (b) all interactions of mixed control type; and (c) “bottom-up” control of predators by their prey (donor control). For squid, predicted biomass changes were more pronounced under top-down control that under bottom-up. Biomass of the weakfish, which are impor ...
... control by predators (predator control); (b) all interactions of mixed control type; and (c) “bottom-up” control of predators by their prey (donor control). For squid, predicted biomass changes were more pronounced under top-down control that under bottom-up. Biomass of the weakfish, which are impor ...
An experimental framework to identify community functional
... However, Schumacher & Roscher (2009) showed for grasslands that adding FD of plant height, leaf area and life cycle to models relating abiotic factors and CWM to above-ground primary productivity increased the amount of explained variation considerably. Similar findings were reported by Mouillot et a ...
... However, Schumacher & Roscher (2009) showed for grasslands that adding FD of plant height, leaf area and life cycle to models relating abiotic factors and CWM to above-ground primary productivity increased the amount of explained variation considerably. Similar findings were reported by Mouillot et a ...
Population and Ecosystem Attribute Trends of Aquatic
... has been collecting data on aquatic macroinvertebrates in Allendale Middle School’s Sevey drain. He has been studying how precipitation effects aquatic macroinvertebrate population numbers, diversity, and ecosystem attributes. Aquatic macroinvertebrates are defined as organisms without backbones tha ...
... has been collecting data on aquatic macroinvertebrates in Allendale Middle School’s Sevey drain. He has been studying how precipitation effects aquatic macroinvertebrate population numbers, diversity, and ecosystem attributes. Aquatic macroinvertebrates are defined as organisms without backbones tha ...
Deep-Sea Fish Behavioral Responses to Underwater
... ROV’s (e.g., Trenkel et al. 2004a, Lorance et al. 2006). Quantitative behavioral comparisons conducted with the submersible Nautile clearly showed that fish species differ among each other in the way they swim and in their vertical positioning above the bottom (Uiblein et al. 2003). Moreover, distin ...
... ROV’s (e.g., Trenkel et al. 2004a, Lorance et al. 2006). Quantitative behavioral comparisons conducted with the submersible Nautile clearly showed that fish species differ among each other in the way they swim and in their vertical positioning above the bottom (Uiblein et al. 2003). Moreover, distin ...
A Dynamical Systems Approach to Modeling Plankton Food Web
... Phytoplankton can also be useful in determining where ocean currents provide nutrients for plant growth and where pollutants poison the ocean and prevent plant growth.2 Because phytoplankton are small, elementary creatures with short life spans, their dynamics are relatively easy to model. In additi ...
... Phytoplankton can also be useful in determining where ocean currents provide nutrients for plant growth and where pollutants poison the ocean and prevent plant growth.2 Because phytoplankton are small, elementary creatures with short life spans, their dynamics are relatively easy to model. In additi ...
Are “As Excreted” Values Valid in Phosphorus Budgets for
... excreted was estimated using the Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) procedure and NUTBAL Pro software developed by Dr. Jerry Stuth and his team at the Grazing Animal Nutrition Lab (GAN Lab) at Texas A&M University. Project results indicate that the actual amount of phosphorus deposited is significant ...
... excreted was estimated using the Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) procedure and NUTBAL Pro software developed by Dr. Jerry Stuth and his team at the Grazing Animal Nutrition Lab (GAN Lab) at Texas A&M University. Project results indicate that the actual amount of phosphorus deposited is significant ...
8Core Chpater 12short
... • Primary consumers are herbivores that eat primary producers. • Secondary consumers are carnivores that eat primary consumers. ...
... • Primary consumers are herbivores that eat primary producers. • Secondary consumers are carnivores that eat primary consumers. ...
Adaptation strategy for climate-proofing biodiversity
... rainfall events. Climate scenarios indicate that these trends will continue, but the magnitude and rate of climate change remain uncertain. • Ecosystems are dynamic; there is a continuous development of successional stages. Climate change adds an extra dynamic to this, because ecosystems and biodiv ...
... rainfall events. Climate scenarios indicate that these trends will continue, but the magnitude and rate of climate change remain uncertain. • Ecosystems are dynamic; there is a continuous development of successional stages. Climate change adds an extra dynamic to this, because ecosystems and biodiv ...
Chapter 4. Complex Life Cycles and Marine Food Webs: Migrating
... km-3 estimated for terrestrial ecosystems (estimates here and elsewhere were taken directly or derived from Cohen 1994). The distribution of carbon also deviates: in terrestrial systems, carbon is chiefly stored in relatively large metazoan plants such as trees; whereas in marine systems, it occurs ...
... km-3 estimated for terrestrial ecosystems (estimates here and elsewhere were taken directly or derived from Cohen 1994). The distribution of carbon also deviates: in terrestrial systems, carbon is chiefly stored in relatively large metazoan plants such as trees; whereas in marine systems, it occurs ...
Cattle grazing, raptor abundance and small mammal
... Finally, some authors (e.g., Keesing, 1998) also acknowledged that trampling could decrease habitat quality for small mammals, as trampled soils are more compact and less suitable for building and maintaining stable burrows. Nevertheless, no study has analyzed directly, to our knowledge, whether gra ...
... Finally, some authors (e.g., Keesing, 1998) also acknowledged that trampling could decrease habitat quality for small mammals, as trampled soils are more compact and less suitable for building and maintaining stable burrows. Nevertheless, no study has analyzed directly, to our knowledge, whether gra ...
Compensation masks trophic cascades in complex food
... cascade strength observed in terrestrial systems reported by Shurin et al (2002) would be considered weak (mean non-significant change by a factor of 1.1) whereas the average cascade strength reported for aquatic systems would be considered strong (mean change by a factor of 4.6). One possibility is ...
... cascade strength observed in terrestrial systems reported by Shurin et al (2002) would be considered weak (mean non-significant change by a factor of 1.1) whereas the average cascade strength reported for aquatic systems would be considered strong (mean change by a factor of 4.6). One possibility is ...
Culmination of Low-Dose Pesticide Effects
... one-species nanocosms were initiated with 15 first-instar Culex larvae (obtained from the Federal Environment Agency, UBA, Berlin, Germany). The two-species nanocosms were initiated with 15 first-instar Culex larvae and 15 neonates of Daphnia magna, clone B (obtained from Bayer CropScience, Monheim, G ...
... one-species nanocosms were initiated with 15 first-instar Culex larvae (obtained from the Federal Environment Agency, UBA, Berlin, Germany). The two-species nanocosms were initiated with 15 first-instar Culex larvae and 15 neonates of Daphnia magna, clone B (obtained from Bayer CropScience, Monheim, G ...
10 Interactions of Life
... competition demand for resources, such as food, water, and shelter, in short supply in a community ...
... competition demand for resources, such as food, water, and shelter, in short supply in a community ...
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... ABSTRACT: We report the results of a field incubation experiment demonstrating a substantial shift in the taxonomic composition of Equatorial Pacific phytoplankton assemblages exposed to CO2 levels of 150 and 750 ppm (dissolved CO2 ~3 to 25 µM). By the end of the experiment, the phytoplankton commun ...
... ABSTRACT: We report the results of a field incubation experiment demonstrating a substantial shift in the taxonomic composition of Equatorial Pacific phytoplankton assemblages exposed to CO2 levels of 150 and 750 ppm (dissolved CO2 ~3 to 25 µM). By the end of the experiment, the phytoplankton commun ...
MICROBES IN HUMAN WELFARE.pmd
... respectively. An example of microbial biocontrol agents that can be introduced in order to control butterfly caterpillars is the bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis (often written as Bt ). These are available in sachets as dried spores which are mixed with water and sprayed onto vulnerable plants such a ...
... respectively. An example of microbial biocontrol agents that can be introduced in order to control butterfly caterpillars is the bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis (often written as Bt ). These are available in sachets as dried spores which are mixed with water and sprayed onto vulnerable plants such a ...
Soil pollution
... • becoming meadow soil, marsh; • rise of groundwater level; (above 60 cm: destruction of orchards) ...
... • becoming meadow soil, marsh; • rise of groundwater level; (above 60 cm: destruction of orchards) ...
Human impact on the nitrogen cycle
Human impact on the nitrogen cycle is diverse. Agricultural and industrial nitrogen (N) inputs to the environment currently exceed inputs from natural N fixation. As a consequence of anthropogenic inputs, the global nitrogen cycle (Fig. 1) has been significantly altered over the past century. Global atmospheric nitrous oxide (N2O) mole fractions have increased from a pre-industrial value of ~270 nmol/mol to ~319 nmol/mol in 2005. Human activities account for over one-third of N2O emissions, most of which are due to the agricultural sector. This article is intended to give a brief review of the history of anthropogenic N inputs, and reported impacts of nitrogen inputs on selected terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.