Regulation of Respiration
... center by acute brain edema resulting from brain concussion therapy: intravenous injection of hypertonic solutions such as highly concentrated mannitol solution ...
... center by acute brain edema resulting from brain concussion therapy: intravenous injection of hypertonic solutions such as highly concentrated mannitol solution ...
Functional and Dysfunctional Aspects of the Cerebral Cortex
... dentists are familiar with the many types of oral motor behaviors and their dysfunctions, such as normal chewing, speech, improper bites, malocclusions of the teeth, and oral–facial imbalances, but have perhaps not thought too much about the underlying processes or mechanisms that regulate these beh ...
... dentists are familiar with the many types of oral motor behaviors and their dysfunctions, such as normal chewing, speech, improper bites, malocclusions of the teeth, and oral–facial imbalances, but have perhaps not thought too much about the underlying processes or mechanisms that regulate these beh ...
PDF - Oxford Academic
... There is a regular resting discharge back of the lower jaw (Norris and Hughes, from the ampullae (in Raja ocellata), i.e., 1920). nerve impulses are conducted along the axons that innervate the ampullae without Anatomy being stimulated. Indications are that this discharge is spontaneous because unde ...
... There is a regular resting discharge back of the lower jaw (Norris and Hughes, from the ampullae (in Raja ocellata), i.e., 1920). nerve impulses are conducted along the axons that innervate the ampullae without Anatomy being stimulated. Indications are that this discharge is spontaneous because unde ...
Neuroembryology I
... Neuroepithelial layer forms ca. 250K neurons/minute! More neurons are born than survive. Once all neurons & macroglia are formed it differentiates into ependymal cells that line the ventricular system. ...
... Neuroepithelial layer forms ca. 250K neurons/minute! More neurons are born than survive. Once all neurons & macroglia are formed it differentiates into ependymal cells that line the ventricular system. ...
Reflexes - Sinoe Medical Association
... Newborn placed on abdomen •Newborn •Baby flexes legs under him and starts to crawl ...
... Newborn placed on abdomen •Newborn •Baby flexes legs under him and starts to crawl ...
Calcium and its significance in the bone metabolism
... 99% of skeletal calcium forms stable bone (not exchangeable with the Ca in extracellular fluid) 1% is in the form of releasable pool of Ca Balance of deposition and resorption Osteoblasts – bone-forming cells responsible for bone deposition Secrete type I collagen Differentiate into osteosytes O ...
... 99% of skeletal calcium forms stable bone (not exchangeable with the Ca in extracellular fluid) 1% is in the form of releasable pool of Ca Balance of deposition and resorption Osteoblasts – bone-forming cells responsible for bone deposition Secrete type I collagen Differentiate into osteosytes O ...
Muscle fiber and motor end plate involvement in the
... was a decrease in the number of synaptic vesicles in the axonal terminals. A comparable reduction in the number of synaptic vesicles was found by us in the limb musculature of the presently studied strain of animals.11 This alteration of the axonal terminal did not seem to be a significant factor in ...
... was a decrease in the number of synaptic vesicles in the axonal terminals. A comparable reduction in the number of synaptic vesicles was found by us in the limb musculature of the presently studied strain of animals.11 This alteration of the axonal terminal did not seem to be a significant factor in ...
Cardiovascular Reflex Stimulation of ADH Release by Decreased
... cannot create new sodium ions or water, they can only minimize their excretion until ingestion replaces the losses. The subjective feeling of thirst, which leads us to obtain and ingest water, is stimulated both by a lower extracellular volume and a higher plasma osmolarity, the latter being the sin ...
... cannot create new sodium ions or water, they can only minimize their excretion until ingestion replaces the losses. The subjective feeling of thirst, which leads us to obtain and ingest water, is stimulated both by a lower extracellular volume and a higher plasma osmolarity, the latter being the sin ...
Basic Aspects of Muscle Pain - International Association for the
... • The neuronal pathways of nociceptive information from muscle and skin are different in the central nervous system (CNS). Morphology and Functional Properties of Muscle Nociceptors • Muscle nociceptors are free nerve endings that are connected to the CNS by thin myelinated (group III) or unmyelinat ...
... • The neuronal pathways of nociceptive information from muscle and skin are different in the central nervous system (CNS). Morphology and Functional Properties of Muscle Nociceptors • Muscle nociceptors are free nerve endings that are connected to the CNS by thin myelinated (group III) or unmyelinat ...
The Dellon Approach to Neurolysis in the Neuropathy Patient with
... should rely upon the physical examination in making the diagnosis. My experience has demonstrated that the presence of a positive Hoffmann-Tinel sign over the tibial nerve in the tarsal tunnel gives a 92 % positive predictive value for good to excellent results after nerve decompression in the diabe ...
... should rely upon the physical examination in making the diagnosis. My experience has demonstrated that the presence of a positive Hoffmann-Tinel sign over the tibial nerve in the tarsal tunnel gives a 92 % positive predictive value for good to excellent results after nerve decompression in the diabe ...
Chapter 11 Nervous System parts 1 and 2
... Schwann cells – surround fibers of the PNS – regenerate damaged peripheral nerve fibers Satellite cells surround neuron cell bodies with ...
... Schwann cells – surround fibers of the PNS – regenerate damaged peripheral nerve fibers Satellite cells surround neuron cell bodies with ...
Introduction to Autonomic Pharmacology
... – vasomotor tone provides partial constriction • increase in firing frequency = vasoconstriction • decrease in firing frequency = vasodilation • can shift blood flow from one organ to another as needed – sympathetic stimulation increases blood to skeletal and cardiac muscles -- reduced blood to skin ...
... – vasomotor tone provides partial constriction • increase in firing frequency = vasoconstriction • decrease in firing frequency = vasodilation • can shift blood flow from one organ to another as needed – sympathetic stimulation increases blood to skeletal and cardiac muscles -- reduced blood to skin ...
Common Upper Extremity Nerve Entrapment
... Conduction velocity measures the speed at which the nerve conducts electricity or simply decreased conduction velocity = demyelinating injury. ...
... Conduction velocity measures the speed at which the nerve conducts electricity or simply decreased conduction velocity = demyelinating injury. ...
Methylene Blue prepRH 2013
... Put the prep in the fridge and check it every 15 minutes or so. The prep should be well-stained within a half hour, maybe sooner depending on stain concent ration. You will be looking for the 3rd root—showing where it exits the connective and how it projects to the flexor muscles—if you are lucky, y ...
... Put the prep in the fridge and check it every 15 minutes or so. The prep should be well-stained within a half hour, maybe sooner depending on stain concent ration. You will be looking for the 3rd root—showing where it exits the connective and how it projects to the flexor muscles—if you are lucky, y ...
Laser Phototherapy: A New Modality for Nerve Cell Tissue
... to several years.10 Most of these patients were discharged from initial orthopedics, neurosurgeons and plastic surgeons without further treatment. In this study 18 patients with a history of traumatic peripheral nerve / brachial plexus injury (at least six months after the injury), with a stable neu ...
... to several years.10 Most of these patients were discharged from initial orthopedics, neurosurgeons and plastic surgeons without further treatment. In this study 18 patients with a history of traumatic peripheral nerve / brachial plexus injury (at least six months after the injury), with a stable neu ...
Hoxd1
... extrinsic signals are differentially interpreted by developing neurons of different species to yield unique patterns of axonal connections. Although NGF controls survival, maturation and axonal projections of nociceptors of different vertebrates, whether the NGF signal is differentially transduced i ...
... extrinsic signals are differentially interpreted by developing neurons of different species to yield unique patterns of axonal connections. Although NGF controls survival, maturation and axonal projections of nociceptors of different vertebrates, whether the NGF signal is differentially transduced i ...
Ocular motor nerve palsies
... non-paretic eye remained normal in both adduction and abduction. Monocular adaptation of VOR and saccadic gain to weakening ocular muscles has been detected in monkeys (Snow et al., 1985; Viirre et al., 1988), but selective effects on paretic muscles or their intact antagonists had not been identifie ...
... non-paretic eye remained normal in both adduction and abduction. Monocular adaptation of VOR and saccadic gain to weakening ocular muscles has been detected in monkeys (Snow et al., 1985; Viirre et al., 1988), but selective effects on paretic muscles or their intact antagonists had not been identifie ...
Chapter 2: Neuroscience
... Helps impulses travel quickly Importance of the myelin sheath is seen in ...
... Helps impulses travel quickly Importance of the myelin sheath is seen in ...
Alterations in Synaptic Strength Preceding Axon Withdrawal
... He repeatedly stimulated the vagus nerve of a frog heart, which caused a slowing of the heartbeat, and collected the artificial saline that emerged from the ventricle. When he later perfused the same heart with the fluid previously collected, the fluid alone caused the heart to slow down. Later the ...
... He repeatedly stimulated the vagus nerve of a frog heart, which caused a slowing of the heartbeat, and collected the artificial saline that emerged from the ventricle. When he later perfused the same heart with the fluid previously collected, the fluid alone caused the heart to slow down. Later the ...
Nerve activates contraction
... – Moves like a wave down the axon, with constant speed and amplitude © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
... – Moves like a wave down the axon, with constant speed and amplitude © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
Sense of Touch and Feeling
... about four to five million sensory nerve receptors in your skin and that is just the beginning. What would the world be like without this helpful addition? This topic is something to explore when asking what it means to simply have the sensation of touch. Another important thing to mention is the re ...
... about four to five million sensory nerve receptors in your skin and that is just the beginning. What would the world be like without this helpful addition? This topic is something to explore when asking what it means to simply have the sensation of touch. Another important thing to mention is the re ...
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... gray matter; interneuron projects to ventral horn Ventral horn cell (alpha motor neuron) receives input from interneuron and projects through the ventral root and spinal nerve to activate skeletal muscle Flexion Reflex Contraction of a group of flexor muscles (and inhibition of their antagonists) in ...
... gray matter; interneuron projects to ventral horn Ventral horn cell (alpha motor neuron) receives input from interneuron and projects through the ventral root and spinal nerve to activate skeletal muscle Flexion Reflex Contraction of a group of flexor muscles (and inhibition of their antagonists) in ...
f19c623c99fc721
... normal reflex in infants, but it is usually associated with a disturbance of the pyramidal tract in children and adults. ...
... normal reflex in infants, but it is usually associated with a disturbance of the pyramidal tract in children and adults. ...
Visually Induced Ocular Torsion
... visual scene enriched with spatial clues important for maintaining posture was found to induce significantly more torsion compared to a scene without spatial clues. The degree of stimuli tilt had no significant effect, nor the stimuli periphery. In the second study, torsional response was shown to d ...
... visual scene enriched with spatial clues important for maintaining posture was found to induce significantly more torsion compared to a scene without spatial clues. The degree of stimuli tilt had no significant effect, nor the stimuli periphery. In the second study, torsional response was shown to d ...
Rheobase
Rheobase is a measure of membrane excitability. In neuroscience, rheobase is the minimal current amplitude of infinite duration (in a practical sense, about 300 milliseconds) that results in the depolarization threshold of the cell membranes being reached, such as an action potential or the contraction of a muscle. In Greek, the root ""rhe"" translates to current or flow, and ""basi"" means bottom or foundation: thus the rheobase is the minimum current that will produce an action potential or muscle contraction.Rheobase can be best understood in the context of the strength-duration relationship (Fig. 1). The ease with which a membrane can be stimulated depends on two variables: the strength of the stimulus, and the duration for which the stimulus is applied. These variables are inversely related: as the strength of the applied current increases, the time required to stimulate the membrane decreases (and vice versa) to maintain a constant effect. Mathematically, rheobase is equivalent to half the current that needs to be applied for the duration of chronaxie, which is a strength-duration time constant that corresponds to the duration of time that elicits a response when the nerve is stimulated at twice rheobasic strength.The strength-duration curve was first discovered by G. Weiss in 1901, but it was not until 1909 that Louis Lapicque coined the term ""rheobase"". Many studies are being conducted in relation to rheobase values and the dynamic changes throughout maturation and between different nerve fibers. In the past strength-duration curves and rheobase determinations were used to assess nerve injury; today, they play a role in clinical identification of many neurological pathologies, including as Diabetic neuropathy, CIDP, Machado-Joseph Disease, and ALS.