Division of Informatics, University of Edinburgh
... nonical neurons respond to different types of visual stimuli than mirror neurons. While canonical neurons discharge at the mere sight of an object, mirror neurons are triggered at the sight of hand or mouth interactions with objects. This uncovers the presence of an interesting visuomotor coupling m ...
... nonical neurons respond to different types of visual stimuli than mirror neurons. While canonical neurons discharge at the mere sight of an object, mirror neurons are triggered at the sight of hand or mouth interactions with objects. This uncovers the presence of an interesting visuomotor coupling m ...
Glossary OF terms in Spinal Cord Injury Research
... term to refer to a period when there is still continuing damage. This time period is controversial. Some investigators consider the period to be relatively short, i.e. several hours during which treatments can be given to prevent progressive or secondary tissue damage. Other investigators may consid ...
... term to refer to a period when there is still continuing damage. This time period is controversial. Some investigators consider the period to be relatively short, i.e. several hours during which treatments can be given to prevent progressive or secondary tissue damage. Other investigators may consid ...
Connecting mirror neurons and forward models
... first observed, then transformed by the inverse model into potential motor commands, and the visual consequence of these movements are then predicted by the forward model, for comparison with the exemplar visual images [9,10]. This two-way process could also allow an observer to track another’s hand ...
... first observed, then transformed by the inverse model into potential motor commands, and the visual consequence of these movements are then predicted by the forward model, for comparison with the exemplar visual images [9,10]. This two-way process could also allow an observer to track another’s hand ...
Median to radial nerve transfer for treatment of radial nerve palsy S
... with a compliant patient who understands the motor reeducation strategies and appropriate hand therapy.24,25 In the case reported here, a redundant FDS branch (finger flexion) of the median nerve was used to reinnervate the ECRB (wrist extension), and the FCR/PL branch (wrist flexion) of the median ...
... with a compliant patient who understands the motor reeducation strategies and appropriate hand therapy.24,25 In the case reported here, a redundant FDS branch (finger flexion) of the median nerve was used to reinnervate the ECRB (wrist extension), and the FCR/PL branch (wrist flexion) of the median ...
Chapter 13
... – Most violent form of dyskinesia (movement disorder) – Usually associated with lesions in the sub-thalamic nucleus (which regulates the globus pallidus) – Hemiballism: unilateral ballism (e.g. unilateral stroke) – Can be treated with dopamine blockade or resection of GP. ...
... – Most violent form of dyskinesia (movement disorder) – Usually associated with lesions in the sub-thalamic nucleus (which regulates the globus pallidus) – Hemiballism: unilateral ballism (e.g. unilateral stroke) – Can be treated with dopamine blockade or resection of GP. ...
neuron
... receives signals from other neurons or sensory organs, processes these signals, and sends signals to other neurons, muscles, or bodily ...
... receives signals from other neurons or sensory organs, processes these signals, and sends signals to other neurons, muscles, or bodily ...
Spinal nerve
... • anterior rootlets extend from spinal cord and merge into anterior root • contains motor axons from anterior and lateral horns of spinal cord ...
... • anterior rootlets extend from spinal cord and merge into anterior root • contains motor axons from anterior and lateral horns of spinal cord ...
Brainstem (II)
... carrying commands for initiation of voluntary movements originated from motor, premotor, supplementary motor and somatosensory cortices descend through the internal capsule, cerebral peduncle and basal pons in company with corticopontine and corticobulbar fibers. ...
... carrying commands for initiation of voluntary movements originated from motor, premotor, supplementary motor and somatosensory cortices descend through the internal capsule, cerebral peduncle and basal pons in company with corticopontine and corticobulbar fibers. ...
19. Visual (2)
... axes ( eyes ); contraction of the ciliary muscles and relaxation of the suspensory ligaments to increase the covexity of the lens, thus focusing the image. The pupil is constricted to increase the depth of the focus. The pathways of it comprise the optic nerve; optic tract; lateral geniculate body; ...
... axes ( eyes ); contraction of the ciliary muscles and relaxation of the suspensory ligaments to increase the covexity of the lens, thus focusing the image. The pupil is constricted to increase the depth of the focus. The pathways of it comprise the optic nerve; optic tract; lateral geniculate body; ...
The Nervous System - El Camino College
... rate as well as respiration, activate sweat glands, etc. In the diagram below you can see how the sympathetic spinal nerves are all close to each other as they exit the spinal cord – if part becomes activated, the whole system responds as well – that’s the “in sympathy” part The Parasympathetic Nerv ...
... rate as well as respiration, activate sweat glands, etc. In the diagram below you can see how the sympathetic spinal nerves are all close to each other as they exit the spinal cord – if part becomes activated, the whole system responds as well – that’s the “in sympathy” part The Parasympathetic Nerv ...
Chapter 1: The Muscle Spindle and the Central
... functions are gross strength and stabilization. It provides the gross shoulder motions of abduction and extension and provides for position stabilization during elbow, wrist and finger machinations. The abductor pollicis brevis performs fine thumb movements. It provides delicate motions of thumb abd ...
... functions are gross strength and stabilization. It provides the gross shoulder motions of abduction and extension and provides for position stabilization during elbow, wrist and finger machinations. The abductor pollicis brevis performs fine thumb movements. It provides delicate motions of thumb abd ...
Action observation and action imagination: from pathology to the
... Meltzoff & Moore, Science 1977 ...
... Meltzoff & Moore, Science 1977 ...
PPT (20-21)
... conduct most pain signals • It also contains larger fibers that conduct most other sensory signals • When tissue is injured small nerve fibers activate and open the neural gate • Large fiber activity shuts that gate • Thus if you stimulate gate closing activity by massage electrical signal or acupun ...
... conduct most pain signals • It also contains larger fibers that conduct most other sensory signals • When tissue is injured small nerve fibers activate and open the neural gate • Large fiber activity shuts that gate • Thus if you stimulate gate closing activity by massage electrical signal or acupun ...
Motor_lesions2009-04-18 00:3983 KB
... paralysis of the muscles of the left half of the face & the left upper & lower limbs. ● MUSCLE TONE: there is hypertonia & hyperreflexia due to block of the extrapyramidal inhibitory discharge on the gamma efferents & hence the excitatory reticular formation because unopposed . So, spasticity is a r ...
... paralysis of the muscles of the left half of the face & the left upper & lower limbs. ● MUSCLE TONE: there is hypertonia & hyperreflexia due to block of the extrapyramidal inhibitory discharge on the gamma efferents & hence the excitatory reticular formation because unopposed . So, spasticity is a r ...
sample - McLoon Lab
... C. membrane dopamine transporter proteins / dopamine neuron cell bodies D. dopamine neuron cell bodies / inhibitory GABAergic neurons Lecture 37 learning & memory (from Dr. Redish) 56. In the Memory and Decision-Making lectures, it was noted that there is a correspondence between memory and decision ...
... C. membrane dopamine transporter proteins / dopamine neuron cell bodies D. dopamine neuron cell bodies / inhibitory GABAergic neurons Lecture 37 learning & memory (from Dr. Redish) 56. In the Memory and Decision-Making lectures, it was noted that there is a correspondence between memory and decision ...
Lateral Recess Stenosis of Lumbar Spine Foraminoplasty
... arthroscopic foraminal decompression of the lateral recess stenosis was published in 1996 (11). The reported outcome of patients who underwent arthroscopic decompression of lateral recess has been compatible or better than the reported result following extensive open operative procedures (15,16). DE ...
... arthroscopic foraminal decompression of the lateral recess stenosis was published in 1996 (11). The reported outcome of patients who underwent arthroscopic decompression of lateral recess has been compatible or better than the reported result following extensive open operative procedures (15,16). DE ...
CN V - Trigeminal
... Cochlear ganglion to CN VIII CN VIII synapses in the cochlear nuclei Cochlear nuclei project to the superior olivary nucleus and inferior colliculus Superior olivary nucleus is also receiving input from contralateral cochlear nuclei Superior olivary nucleus projects to inferior colliculus Inferior c ...
... Cochlear ganglion to CN VIII CN VIII synapses in the cochlear nuclei Cochlear nuclei project to the superior olivary nucleus and inferior colliculus Superior olivary nucleus is also receiving input from contralateral cochlear nuclei Superior olivary nucleus projects to inferior colliculus Inferior c ...
motor neurons
... •The extensor rigidity is -loop dependent –section the dorsal roots interrupts the -loop, and the rigidity is relieved. This is -rigidity. ...
... •The extensor rigidity is -loop dependent –section the dorsal roots interrupts the -loop, and the rigidity is relieved. This is -rigidity. ...
Golgi Tendon Reflux
... The stretch reflex operates as a feedback mechanism to control muscle length by causing muscle contraction. In contrast, the tendon reflex operates as a feedback mechanism to control muscle tension by causing muscle relaxation before muscle force becomes so great that tendons might be torn. Althou ...
... The stretch reflex operates as a feedback mechanism to control muscle length by causing muscle contraction. In contrast, the tendon reflex operates as a feedback mechanism to control muscle tension by causing muscle relaxation before muscle force becomes so great that tendons might be torn. Althou ...
Carl L.Faingold, Manish Raisinghani, Prosper N`Gouemo
... FIGURE 26.3 GABA-mediated inhibition defects in GEPR-9s: GABAergic neurotransmission normally plays a critical role in determining the responses of the inferior colliculus (IC) to acoustic stimulation, and defects in specific forms of inhibition are key causative factors in audiogenic seizure initi ...
... FIGURE 26.3 GABA-mediated inhibition defects in GEPR-9s: GABAergic neurotransmission normally plays a critical role in determining the responses of the inferior colliculus (IC) to acoustic stimulation, and defects in specific forms of inhibition are key causative factors in audiogenic seizure initi ...
Brainstem (II)
... carrying commands for initiation of voluntary movements originated from motor, premotor, supplementary motor and somatosensory cortices descend through the internal capsule, cerebral peduncle and basal pons in company with corticopontine and corticobulbar fibers. ...
... carrying commands for initiation of voluntary movements originated from motor, premotor, supplementary motor and somatosensory cortices descend through the internal capsule, cerebral peduncle and basal pons in company with corticopontine and corticobulbar fibers. ...
Dear Notetaker:
... Superior and inferior parietal lobules are separated by intraparietal sulcus Inferior lobule of posterior parietal cortex is where dorsal pathway comes to an end Characteristics of Dorsal Pathway Neurons o Receives visual information and transform it into the control of action o The dorsal pathw ...
... Superior and inferior parietal lobules are separated by intraparietal sulcus Inferior lobule of posterior parietal cortex is where dorsal pathway comes to an end Characteristics of Dorsal Pathway Neurons o Receives visual information and transform it into the control of action o The dorsal pathw ...
The Nervous System Organization of the Nervous System
... Neuroglia in the Peripheral Nervous System Schwann cells are most important glial cells in peripheral nervous system. Cover every axon outside CNS (whether myelinated or unmyelinated). This myelin sheath increases impulse conduction rate. Anatomy and Physiology for Engineers Slide 5-11 ...
... Neuroglia in the Peripheral Nervous System Schwann cells are most important glial cells in peripheral nervous system. Cover every axon outside CNS (whether myelinated or unmyelinated). This myelin sheath increases impulse conduction rate. Anatomy and Physiology for Engineers Slide 5-11 ...
Rheobase
Rheobase is a measure of membrane excitability. In neuroscience, rheobase is the minimal current amplitude of infinite duration (in a practical sense, about 300 milliseconds) that results in the depolarization threshold of the cell membranes being reached, such as an action potential or the contraction of a muscle. In Greek, the root ""rhe"" translates to current or flow, and ""basi"" means bottom or foundation: thus the rheobase is the minimum current that will produce an action potential or muscle contraction.Rheobase can be best understood in the context of the strength-duration relationship (Fig. 1). The ease with which a membrane can be stimulated depends on two variables: the strength of the stimulus, and the duration for which the stimulus is applied. These variables are inversely related: as the strength of the applied current increases, the time required to stimulate the membrane decreases (and vice versa) to maintain a constant effect. Mathematically, rheobase is equivalent to half the current that needs to be applied for the duration of chronaxie, which is a strength-duration time constant that corresponds to the duration of time that elicits a response when the nerve is stimulated at twice rheobasic strength.The strength-duration curve was first discovered by G. Weiss in 1901, but it was not until 1909 that Louis Lapicque coined the term ""rheobase"". Many studies are being conducted in relation to rheobase values and the dynamic changes throughout maturation and between different nerve fibers. In the past strength-duration curves and rheobase determinations were used to assess nerve injury; today, they play a role in clinical identification of many neurological pathologies, including as Diabetic neuropathy, CIDP, Machado-Joseph Disease, and ALS.