Biology 2401 Anatomy and Physiology I notes
... - the Na+ channels open and close very quickly and the K+ channels open more slowly, allowing more K+ to move out, quickly rebuilding charge - the refractory period is the time required to rebuild the resting potential so that the action potential can occur again; the cell cannot be stimulated; in n ...
... - the Na+ channels open and close very quickly and the K+ channels open more slowly, allowing more K+ to move out, quickly rebuilding charge - the refractory period is the time required to rebuild the resting potential so that the action potential can occur again; the cell cannot be stimulated; in n ...
Lecture 11b Neurophysiology
... • Myelin insulates axon, prevents continuous propagation • Local current “jumps” from node to node • Depolarization occurs only at nodes ...
... • Myelin insulates axon, prevents continuous propagation • Local current “jumps” from node to node • Depolarization occurs only at nodes ...
Sensory Information Sensory Receptors
... The anterior spinocerebellar tracts Dominated by second-order axons that have crossed over to opposite side of spinal cord Contain significant number of uncrossed axons as well: – sensations reach the cerebellar cortex via superior cerebellar peduncle – many axons that cross over and ascend to ...
... The anterior spinocerebellar tracts Dominated by second-order axons that have crossed over to opposite side of spinal cord Contain significant number of uncrossed axons as well: – sensations reach the cerebellar cortex via superior cerebellar peduncle – many axons that cross over and ascend to ...
CHAPTER 12- Nervous Tissue
... B) allow rapid communication between cells. C) allow synchronization of cellular activities. D) A and B are correct. E) A, B and C are correct. 29) At a chemical synapse, A) two cells communicate directly via connexons at gap junctions. B) action potentials are propagated more quickly than at an ele ...
... B) allow rapid communication between cells. C) allow synchronization of cellular activities. D) A and B are correct. E) A, B and C are correct. 29) At a chemical synapse, A) two cells communicate directly via connexons at gap junctions. B) action potentials are propagated more quickly than at an ele ...
cns structure - Department of Physiology
... 4 aspects of a stimulus are coded: stimulus type, intensity, location, and duration. a) Stimulus Type Modalities are broken down into Submodalities. e.g Taste/sweet. All receptors of a single afferent neuron respond preferentially to the same stimulus type. Overlap of different sensory neuron recept ...
... 4 aspects of a stimulus are coded: stimulus type, intensity, location, and duration. a) Stimulus Type Modalities are broken down into Submodalities. e.g Taste/sweet. All receptors of a single afferent neuron respond preferentially to the same stimulus type. Overlap of different sensory neuron recept ...
Neurons, neurotransmitters and other stuff we did last term…
... Axons transmit information Dendrites receive information Dendrites can grow and change ...
... Axons transmit information Dendrites receive information Dendrites can grow and change ...
nervous system
... 10. Describe the parts and functions of the human brain 11. Explain how injuries, illness, and surgery provide insight into the functions of the brain 12. Describe the causes, symptoms, and treatments of schizophrenia, depression, Alzheimer s disease, and Parkinson s disease ...
... 10. Describe the parts and functions of the human brain 11. Explain how injuries, illness, and surgery provide insight into the functions of the brain 12. Describe the causes, symptoms, and treatments of schizophrenia, depression, Alzheimer s disease, and Parkinson s disease ...
File
... • 1) Nerve impulse arrives at synapse • 2) Chemical released from sensory neuron; diffuses across synapse. Molecules are correct shape to fit receptor molecules in membrane of motor neuron • 3) Nerve impulse stimulated in motor neuron. Chemical is then absorbed back into the sensory neuron to be use ...
... • 1) Nerve impulse arrives at synapse • 2) Chemical released from sensory neuron; diffuses across synapse. Molecules are correct shape to fit receptor molecules in membrane of motor neuron • 3) Nerve impulse stimulated in motor neuron. Chemical is then absorbed back into the sensory neuron to be use ...
The Neuron
... Group of axons bundled together like electrical cable is called a nerve Myelin sheath Fatty covering that surrounds axon Not all axons are covered Provides insulation Improves efficiency Continues to be added until about 25 years Multiple Sclerosis: caused by myelin sheath degenerating ...
... Group of axons bundled together like electrical cable is called a nerve Myelin sheath Fatty covering that surrounds axon Not all axons are covered Provides insulation Improves efficiency Continues to be added until about 25 years Multiple Sclerosis: caused by myelin sheath degenerating ...
Nerve Damage and Neural Degeneration
... misfolded protein that affects the way nerves in the brain communicate with one another. This disease is not fatal, but if you fall victim to other illnesses such as cardiovascular disease ,pneumonia or injury from a fall, you are given a life span of approximately 20 years from the date of diagnosi ...
... misfolded protein that affects the way nerves in the brain communicate with one another. This disease is not fatal, but if you fall victim to other illnesses such as cardiovascular disease ,pneumonia or injury from a fall, you are given a life span of approximately 20 years from the date of diagnosi ...
Abnormal Electric Activity Insertional Activity --Normal is 100
... --occurs when there is a physiologic or anatomic loss of muscle fibers from the motor unit or atrophy of component muscle fibers --seen in: myasthenia gravis, botulism, early reinnervation after nerve damage, late stage neurogenic atrophy, muscular dystrophies, periodic paralysis, polymyositis, toxi ...
... --occurs when there is a physiologic or anatomic loss of muscle fibers from the motor unit or atrophy of component muscle fibers --seen in: myasthenia gravis, botulism, early reinnervation after nerve damage, late stage neurogenic atrophy, muscular dystrophies, periodic paralysis, polymyositis, toxi ...
Peripheral Nervous System
... Central and peripheral myelin also contain myelin basic proteins. Seven related proteins produced from a single gene by alternative splicing. ...
... Central and peripheral myelin also contain myelin basic proteins. Seven related proteins produced from a single gene by alternative splicing. ...
Saladin, Human Anatomy 3e
... 7. The cochlea is a coiled tube that contains the cochlear duct and spiral organ. The spiral organ includes a movable basilar membrane, which supports a single row of about 3,500 inner hair cells and about 20,000 outer hair cells, arranged in three rows. The inner hair cells generate the signals we ...
... 7. The cochlea is a coiled tube that contains the cochlear duct and spiral organ. The spiral organ includes a movable basilar membrane, which supports a single row of about 3,500 inner hair cells and about 20,000 outer hair cells, arranged in three rows. The inner hair cells generate the signals we ...
The Peripheral Nervous System and Reflex Activity
... Conduction though the autonomic chain is slower than through the somatic motor Many pre and postganglionic fibers are incorporated into spinal or cranial nerves for most of their course ...
... Conduction though the autonomic chain is slower than through the somatic motor Many pre and postganglionic fibers are incorporated into spinal or cranial nerves for most of their course ...
Nervous System Notes
... Graphing Action Potential Hyperpolarization when the cell becomes more negative than -70mv; depends on which ions are allowed to enter the cell, + or – ions (i.e. Cl- ions) Threshold – the minimum amt. of stimulus required to cause an action potential ...
... Graphing Action Potential Hyperpolarization when the cell becomes more negative than -70mv; depends on which ions are allowed to enter the cell, + or – ions (i.e. Cl- ions) Threshold – the minimum amt. of stimulus required to cause an action potential ...
Nerve Tissue Part 1
... Cell membrane of soma and dendrites sensitive to chemical, mechanical or electrical stimulation Stimulation leads to generation of action potential (nerve impulse) conducted along the axon ...
... Cell membrane of soma and dendrites sensitive to chemical, mechanical or electrical stimulation Stimulation leads to generation of action potential (nerve impulse) conducted along the axon ...
Spinal Cord - Larry Frolich
... Questions developed by Charisa Roy, University of Michigan Medical School Class of 2007 ...
... Questions developed by Charisa Roy, University of Michigan Medical School Class of 2007 ...
Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?
... Questions developed by Charisa Roy, University of Michigan Medical School Class of 2007 ...
... Questions developed by Charisa Roy, University of Michigan Medical School Class of 2007 ...
Cutaneous mechanoreceptors
... Deforming the corpuscle creates a generator potential in the sensory neuron arising within it. This is a graded response: the greater the deformation, the greater the generator potential. If the generator potential reaches threshold, a volley of action potentials (nerve impulses) are triggered at t ...
... Deforming the corpuscle creates a generator potential in the sensory neuron arising within it. This is a graded response: the greater the deformation, the greater the generator potential. If the generator potential reaches threshold, a volley of action potentials (nerve impulses) are triggered at t ...
The Nervous system - Locust Trace Veterinary Assistant Program
... cytoplasm and cell membrane that wrap around the axons of neurons. – Schwann cells increase the diameter – Create myelin sheath – Increases the speed of the nerve signal – Not all nerves have a myelin sheath. ■ Myelinated nerves- transport a signal much faster than nonmyelinated nerves. (nerves with ...
... cytoplasm and cell membrane that wrap around the axons of neurons. – Schwann cells increase the diameter – Create myelin sheath – Increases the speed of the nerve signal – Not all nerves have a myelin sheath. ■ Myelinated nerves- transport a signal much faster than nonmyelinated nerves. (nerves with ...
Microsoft Word 97
... Using the key below, for each statement 1-5, choose the most suitable condition to match each statement. Place the letter of that condition in the space provided in front of each statement. Letters A, B and C represent areas where blockages of impulses due to severing or a local anesthetic may occur ...
... Using the key below, for each statement 1-5, choose the most suitable condition to match each statement. Place the letter of that condition in the space provided in front of each statement. Letters A, B and C represent areas where blockages of impulses due to severing or a local anesthetic may occur ...
Intro to Nervous System
... The process of homeostasis makes sure that the activities that occur in the body are maintained within normal physiological limits. In addition, our body constantly reacts to a multitude of signals, be it external or internal signals. Two body systems are responsible for dealing with these signals a ...
... The process of homeostasis makes sure that the activities that occur in the body are maintained within normal physiological limits. In addition, our body constantly reacts to a multitude of signals, be it external or internal signals. Two body systems are responsible for dealing with these signals a ...
Drug that boosts nerve signals offers hope for multiple
... at improving vision. But it did speed up signalling in retinal nerves — a possible sign that the myelin sheath had been rebuilt — by 41% over placebo after eight months of treatment, says Gilmore O’Neill, vice-president of multiplesclerosis research at Biogen. The trial was small, and it is too earl ...
... at improving vision. But it did speed up signalling in retinal nerves — a possible sign that the myelin sheath had been rebuilt — by 41% over placebo after eight months of treatment, says Gilmore O’Neill, vice-president of multiplesclerosis research at Biogen. The trial was small, and it is too earl ...
Rheobase
Rheobase is a measure of membrane excitability. In neuroscience, rheobase is the minimal current amplitude of infinite duration (in a practical sense, about 300 milliseconds) that results in the depolarization threshold of the cell membranes being reached, such as an action potential or the contraction of a muscle. In Greek, the root ""rhe"" translates to current or flow, and ""basi"" means bottom or foundation: thus the rheobase is the minimum current that will produce an action potential or muscle contraction.Rheobase can be best understood in the context of the strength-duration relationship (Fig. 1). The ease with which a membrane can be stimulated depends on two variables: the strength of the stimulus, and the duration for which the stimulus is applied. These variables are inversely related: as the strength of the applied current increases, the time required to stimulate the membrane decreases (and vice versa) to maintain a constant effect. Mathematically, rheobase is equivalent to half the current that needs to be applied for the duration of chronaxie, which is a strength-duration time constant that corresponds to the duration of time that elicits a response when the nerve is stimulated at twice rheobasic strength.The strength-duration curve was first discovered by G. Weiss in 1901, but it was not until 1909 that Louis Lapicque coined the term ""rheobase"". Many studies are being conducted in relation to rheobase values and the dynamic changes throughout maturation and between different nerve fibers. In the past strength-duration curves and rheobase determinations were used to assess nerve injury; today, they play a role in clinical identification of many neurological pathologies, including as Diabetic neuropathy, CIDP, Machado-Joseph Disease, and ALS.