1 - Lone Star College
... Sense of Smell, cont 2. How the brain receives odor information a. Nerve fibers lead to the olfactory bulb b. Combinations of activated receptor proteins account for different odors c. An odor’s signature is determined by which neurons are stimulated in the olfactory bulb d. Neurons send signals th ...
... Sense of Smell, cont 2. How the brain receives odor information a. Nerve fibers lead to the olfactory bulb b. Combinations of activated receptor proteins account for different odors c. An odor’s signature is determined by which neurons are stimulated in the olfactory bulb d. Neurons send signals th ...
Membrane Biophysics and Synaptic Physiology
... classical biophysical transporter mechanisms •Unusual mechanisms of transport •Gap ...
... classical biophysical transporter mechanisms •Unusual mechanisms of transport •Gap ...
Inquiry into Life, Eleventh Edition
... • travels down axon one small segment at a time • As soon as action potential moves on, the previous secion undergoes refractory period – Sodium gates cannot reopen – Prevents retrograde transmission – During this time sodium-potassium pump restores ions to original positions ...
... • travels down axon one small segment at a time • As soon as action potential moves on, the previous secion undergoes refractory period – Sodium gates cannot reopen – Prevents retrograde transmission – During this time sodium-potassium pump restores ions to original positions ...
Cranial Nerves: Assessment of Functions
... Cranial Nerve VIII. Vestibulocochlear Nerve (Sensory) The eighth cranial nerve contains fibers of the vestibular nerve and the cochlear nerve. The vestibular nerve is sensory from receptors in the inner ear that provide information concerning movement of the body, balance, and body position in relat ...
... Cranial Nerve VIII. Vestibulocochlear Nerve (Sensory) The eighth cranial nerve contains fibers of the vestibular nerve and the cochlear nerve. The vestibular nerve is sensory from receptors in the inner ear that provide information concerning movement of the body, balance, and body position in relat ...
File
... ______________ ends of sensory nerve fibers in the epithelial tissues are associated with touch and pressure. ______________________ corpuscles are flattened connective tissue sheaths surrounding two or more nerve fibers and are abundant in hairless areas that are very sensitive to touch, like the l ...
... ______________ ends of sensory nerve fibers in the epithelial tissues are associated with touch and pressure. ______________________ corpuscles are flattened connective tissue sheaths surrounding two or more nerve fibers and are abundant in hairless areas that are very sensitive to touch, like the l ...
36.1 The Nervous System Neurons: Basic units of
... The cerebrum controls conscious activities – language, intelligence, memory, movement, senses The cerebellum controls balance, posture, and coordination The medulla oblongata controls involuntary activities The sympathetic nervous system control functions in times of stress and the parasympathetic c ...
... The cerebrum controls conscious activities – language, intelligence, memory, movement, senses The cerebellum controls balance, posture, and coordination The medulla oblongata controls involuntary activities The sympathetic nervous system control functions in times of stress and the parasympathetic c ...
Modeling and Imagery
... • Vary by # of dendrites, length of axon • Structure determines role – many types (bipolar, multipolar, golgi I, golgi II…etc.) ...
... • Vary by # of dendrites, length of axon • Structure determines role – many types (bipolar, multipolar, golgi I, golgi II…etc.) ...
14-Taste & Smell
... Olfactory ( taste ) receptor neurons are specialised . ciliated, nerve cells. They are not present all over the nasal mucosa , but present only in a small , 5 cm2 , yellowish-pigmented part of it called olfactory epithelium ( or olfactory mucous membrane ) This olfactory epithelium is located at th ...
... Olfactory ( taste ) receptor neurons are specialised . ciliated, nerve cells. They are not present all over the nasal mucosa , but present only in a small , 5 cm2 , yellowish-pigmented part of it called olfactory epithelium ( or olfactory mucous membrane ) This olfactory epithelium is located at th ...
Nervous system functions
... White Matter in the Spinal Cord • Composed of both myelinated and unmyelinated fibers that run in three directions • Ascending – to higher centers; sensory • Descending – to lower levels from brain or higher places in the cord; motor • Transversely – from one side of the cord to the other ...
... White Matter in the Spinal Cord • Composed of both myelinated and unmyelinated fibers that run in three directions • Ascending – to higher centers; sensory • Descending – to lower levels from brain or higher places in the cord; motor • Transversely – from one side of the cord to the other ...
Nervous System Notes Outline
... 1. _______________ – one input (dendrite), one output (axon); eyes, nose, ears 2. _______________ – one output with 2 branches (fused dendrites and axon); most ___________ neurons of ________ 3. _______________ – many inputs (dendrites), one output (axon); most in ___ 14. What are the 3 types of fun ...
... 1. _______________ – one input (dendrite), one output (axon); eyes, nose, ears 2. _______________ – one output with 2 branches (fused dendrites and axon); most ___________ neurons of ________ 3. _______________ – many inputs (dendrites), one output (axon); most in ___ 14. What are the 3 types of fun ...
Request pdf
... parts of the cell are connected by a long and extremely slender axon that does not transmit action potentials and is thought to be incapable of transmitting graded potentials. That the cell body and the terminal arborization are indeed physiologically independent is suggested by the finding of Nelso ...
... parts of the cell are connected by a long and extremely slender axon that does not transmit action potentials and is thought to be incapable of transmitting graded potentials. That the cell body and the terminal arborization are indeed physiologically independent is suggested by the finding of Nelso ...
Ativity 13 - PCC - Portland Community College
... • Arises from L4-S4 and serves the buttock, lower limb, pelvic structures, and the perineum • The major nerves: • Sciatic nerve L4–S3 Branches behind the knee: • Common Fibular nerve: Lateral and anterior muscles of the leg • Tibial nerve: Posterior muscles of the leg ...
... • Arises from L4-S4 and serves the buttock, lower limb, pelvic structures, and the perineum • The major nerves: • Sciatic nerve L4–S3 Branches behind the knee: • Common Fibular nerve: Lateral and anterior muscles of the leg • Tibial nerve: Posterior muscles of the leg ...
My Big List Thing
... Neurite: extension of cell body of neuron; can be axon or dendrite; typically used re: immature neurons due to difficulty in determining which is being observed Neuropilin: receptors in neurons which receive semaphorins and VEGF Orbit: cavity in skull for eye and its appendages; human orbit takes up ...
... Neurite: extension of cell body of neuron; can be axon or dendrite; typically used re: immature neurons due to difficulty in determining which is being observed Neuropilin: receptors in neurons which receive semaphorins and VEGF Orbit: cavity in skull for eye and its appendages; human orbit takes up ...
Nerve Cell Flashcards
... the cell c) Channels made out of protein selectively allow particular ions into or out of the cell. It wants to leave to diffuse down its concentration gradient It wants to get back into a cell because it is attracted to the negative charges on the protein inside the cell The resting membrane potent ...
... the cell c) Channels made out of protein selectively allow particular ions into or out of the cell. It wants to leave to diffuse down its concentration gradient It wants to get back into a cell because it is attracted to the negative charges on the protein inside the cell The resting membrane potent ...
Nerve Cell Flashcards
... the cell c) Channels made out of protein selectively allow particular ions into or out of the cell. It wants to leave to diffuse down its concentration gradient It wants to get back into a cell because it is attracted to the negative charges on the protein inside the cell The resting membrane potent ...
... the cell c) Channels made out of protein selectively allow particular ions into or out of the cell. It wants to leave to diffuse down its concentration gradient It wants to get back into a cell because it is attracted to the negative charges on the protein inside the cell The resting membrane potent ...
Chapter 28
... (a)very selective as to what gets to brain (b) blood-brain barrier (i) blocks metabolic waste and other chemicals (ii) nutrients and O2 flow freely vi) brain and spinal cord are hollow (1) ventricles – fluid filled spaces of brain continuous with central canal (fluid filled space of spinal column) ( ...
... (a)very selective as to what gets to brain (b) blood-brain barrier (i) blocks metabolic waste and other chemicals (ii) nutrients and O2 flow freely vi) brain and spinal cord are hollow (1) ventricles – fluid filled spaces of brain continuous with central canal (fluid filled space of spinal column) ( ...
Disorders of the Peripheral Nervous System
... with the trigger for the inflammatory process being as yet unidentified in the latter subcategory. The typical clinical scenario for acute idiopathic polyradiculoneuritis describes a rapidly developing LMN paresis/plegia, usually beginning in the pelvic limbs, and eventually involving the thoracic l ...
... with the trigger for the inflammatory process being as yet unidentified in the latter subcategory. The typical clinical scenario for acute idiopathic polyradiculoneuritis describes a rapidly developing LMN paresis/plegia, usually beginning in the pelvic limbs, and eventually involving the thoracic l ...
neuron
... • Na+/K+ pumps pump out 3 Na+ for every 2 K+ they bring in – work continuously to compensate for Na+ and K+ leakage, and requires great deal of ATP • 70% of the energy requirement of the nervous ...
... • Na+/K+ pumps pump out 3 Na+ for every 2 K+ they bring in – work continuously to compensate for Na+ and K+ leakage, and requires great deal of ATP • 70% of the energy requirement of the nervous ...
A View of Life
... • The cerebrum is the largest portion of the human brain. – Communicates with and coordinates activities of other parts of the brain. – Divided into left and right cerebral hemispheres. – The outer layer is termed the cerebral cortex. ...
... • The cerebrum is the largest portion of the human brain. – Communicates with and coordinates activities of other parts of the brain. – Divided into left and right cerebral hemispheres. – The outer layer is termed the cerebral cortex. ...
Nervous Tissue
... Neurilemma is cytoplasm & nucleus of Schwann cell – gaps called nodes of Ranvier Myelinated fibers appear white – jelly-roll like wrappings made of lipoprotein = myelin – acts as electrical insulator – speeds conduction of nerve impulses Unmyelinated fibers – slow, small diameter fibers – only surro ...
... Neurilemma is cytoplasm & nucleus of Schwann cell – gaps called nodes of Ranvier Myelinated fibers appear white – jelly-roll like wrappings made of lipoprotein = myelin – acts as electrical insulator – speeds conduction of nerve impulses Unmyelinated fibers – slow, small diameter fibers – only surro ...
13. What determines the magnitude of the graded potential? (p. 240)
... its membrane. Different portions of the neuron conduct electrical signals differently. The conduction of action potentials occurs only on the axon. The cell body and dendrites lack the fast Na+ channels necessary for the initiation of an action potential, and instead exhibit smaller electrical chang ...
... its membrane. Different portions of the neuron conduct electrical signals differently. The conduction of action potentials occurs only on the axon. The cell body and dendrites lack the fast Na+ channels necessary for the initiation of an action potential, and instead exhibit smaller electrical chang ...
Slide 1
... directed by Cesare Lombroso (1835-1909). Golgi also worked in the laboratory of experimental pathology directed by Giulio Bizzozero (1846-1901), a brilliant young professor of histology and pathology (among his several contributions, Bizzozero discovered the hemopoietic properties of bone marrow). B ...
... directed by Cesare Lombroso (1835-1909). Golgi also worked in the laboratory of experimental pathology directed by Giulio Bizzozero (1846-1901), a brilliant young professor of histology and pathology (among his several contributions, Bizzozero discovered the hemopoietic properties of bone marrow). B ...
Nerve conduction studies and electromyography
... If you are unable to keep this appointment please contact us on 0121 507 4319 so that alternative arrangements can be made and the appointment can be given to another patient waiting for the test. Before the test we will ask you if you have read and understood this information and whether you consen ...
... If you are unable to keep this appointment please contact us on 0121 507 4319 so that alternative arrangements can be made and the appointment can be given to another patient waiting for the test. Before the test we will ask you if you have read and understood this information and whether you consen ...
Rheobase
Rheobase is a measure of membrane excitability. In neuroscience, rheobase is the minimal current amplitude of infinite duration (in a practical sense, about 300 milliseconds) that results in the depolarization threshold of the cell membranes being reached, such as an action potential or the contraction of a muscle. In Greek, the root ""rhe"" translates to current or flow, and ""basi"" means bottom or foundation: thus the rheobase is the minimum current that will produce an action potential or muscle contraction.Rheobase can be best understood in the context of the strength-duration relationship (Fig. 1). The ease with which a membrane can be stimulated depends on two variables: the strength of the stimulus, and the duration for which the stimulus is applied. These variables are inversely related: as the strength of the applied current increases, the time required to stimulate the membrane decreases (and vice versa) to maintain a constant effect. Mathematically, rheobase is equivalent to half the current that needs to be applied for the duration of chronaxie, which is a strength-duration time constant that corresponds to the duration of time that elicits a response when the nerve is stimulated at twice rheobasic strength.The strength-duration curve was first discovered by G. Weiss in 1901, but it was not until 1909 that Louis Lapicque coined the term ""rheobase"". Many studies are being conducted in relation to rheobase values and the dynamic changes throughout maturation and between different nerve fibers. In the past strength-duration curves and rheobase determinations were used to assess nerve injury; today, they play a role in clinical identification of many neurological pathologies, including as Diabetic neuropathy, CIDP, Machado-Joseph Disease, and ALS.