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STATE-DEPENDENT OPIOID CONTROL OF PAIN
... RVM or cutting the axons of RVM neurons that project to the spinal cord dorsal horn reduces analgesia produced by morphine that has been given systemically or microinjected into supraspinal sites. This shows that MOR-agonist analgesia depends on activation of supraspinal neurons that project by way ...
... RVM or cutting the axons of RVM neurons that project to the spinal cord dorsal horn reduces analgesia produced by morphine that has been given systemically or microinjected into supraspinal sites. This shows that MOR-agonist analgesia depends on activation of supraspinal neurons that project by way ...
Contribution of Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nucleus Neurons to
... only for the tests pertaining to reward responses. To evaluate the relationship between neuronal discharge and specific events, we produced rasters and continuously varying spike density functions (Richmond et al. 1987) aligned on the events. To generate the spike density function, a Gaussian pulse ...
... only for the tests pertaining to reward responses. To evaluate the relationship between neuronal discharge and specific events, we produced rasters and continuously varying spike density functions (Richmond et al. 1987) aligned on the events. To generate the spike density function, a Gaussian pulse ...
Neuronal Correlates for Preparatory Set Associated with Pro
... Electrophysiolog y. All experimental procedures were in accordance with the C anadian Council on Animal C are policy on the use and care of laboratory animals and approved by the Queen’s University Animal C are Committee. Surgical, electrophysiological, and data acquisition methods were described pr ...
... Electrophysiolog y. All experimental procedures were in accordance with the C anadian Council on Animal C are policy on the use and care of laboratory animals and approved by the Queen’s University Animal C are Committee. Surgical, electrophysiological, and data acquisition methods were described pr ...
(Full text - MSWord file 171K)
... whereas matrix modules function as an actor. Striosomal modules comprise of striatal striosomes, subthalamic nucleus, and dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). According to the model, three sources of input interact in generating the firing patterns of DA neurons. Two of ...
... whereas matrix modules function as an actor. Striosomal modules comprise of striatal striosomes, subthalamic nucleus, and dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). According to the model, three sources of input interact in generating the firing patterns of DA neurons. Two of ...
PN4235: Motoneurons: from physiology to pathology Module summary:
... 3) Intrinsic properties of motoneurons – ion channels and how they relate to patterns of motoneuron output (GBM). 4) Motoneuron development – genetics and activity-dependent mechanisms underlying differentiation of multiple motoneuron subtypes (GBM). 5) Motoneuron recruitment - from Henneman’s size ...
... 3) Intrinsic properties of motoneurons – ion channels and how they relate to patterns of motoneuron output (GBM). 4) Motoneuron development – genetics and activity-dependent mechanisms underlying differentiation of multiple motoneuron subtypes (GBM). 5) Motoneuron recruitment - from Henneman’s size ...
DECODING NEURONAL FIRING AND MODELING NEURAL
... & Medvedev, 1986; Abbott, 1991a; Amit & Tsodyks, 1991a & 1991b; Ermentrout, 1994). The firing of a neuron is affected by a large number of variables such as the state of activation and inactivation of numerous ion channels and the concentration of calcium and various other second messenger molecules ...
... & Medvedev, 1986; Abbott, 1991a; Amit & Tsodyks, 1991a & 1991b; Ermentrout, 1994). The firing of a neuron is affected by a large number of variables such as the state of activation and inactivation of numerous ion channels and the concentration of calcium and various other second messenger molecules ...
Neurons in Anterior Cingulate Cortex Multiplex
... procedure in Matlab. Our fitting program minimized the error between were identified by standard criteria and isolated on a Plexon system. the fitted cosine function and the eight locations using the raw averaged Neurons were selected for recording on the basis of the quality of isoladata. Cosine wa ...
... procedure in Matlab. Our fitting program minimized the error between were identified by standard criteria and isolated on a Plexon system. the fitted cosine function and the eight locations using the raw averaged Neurons were selected for recording on the basis of the quality of isoladata. Cosine wa ...
Aneuploidy and DNA Replication in the Normal Human Brain and
... spots was determined as 0.99 ⫾ 0.21 and 4.12 ⫾ 1.45 pg, respectively. Differences in the DNA content were statistically significant (Student’s t test) for one-spot versus two-spot cells ( p ⫽ 0.0000001), two-spot versus three-spot cells ( p ⫽ 0.001), and three-spot versus four-spot cells ( p ⫽ 0.023 ...
... spots was determined as 0.99 ⫾ 0.21 and 4.12 ⫾ 1.45 pg, respectively. Differences in the DNA content were statistically significant (Student’s t test) for one-spot versus two-spot cells ( p ⫽ 0.0000001), two-spot versus three-spot cells ( p ⫽ 0.001), and three-spot versus four-spot cells ( p ⫽ 0.023 ...
Optical probing of neuronal ensemble activity
... we need to identify coactive ensembles within local neuronal populations and reveal their dynamic properties when they are performing real tasks. Ideally, one would like to record activity in large neuronal populations with high temporal resolution and during behavior. While large-scale electrical r ...
... we need to identify coactive ensembles within local neuronal populations and reveal their dynamic properties when they are performing real tasks. Ideally, one would like to record activity in large neuronal populations with high temporal resolution and during behavior. While large-scale electrical r ...
Neural and Computational Mechanisms of Action Processing
... responses from view-variant ones with selectivity for different views. However, given that mirror neurons by definition have well-defined motor tuning properties, and thus are motor neurons, this explanation captures only a part of their possible computational role. It seems likely that such neurons ...
... responses from view-variant ones with selectivity for different views. However, given that mirror neurons by definition have well-defined motor tuning properties, and thus are motor neurons, this explanation captures only a part of their possible computational role. It seems likely that such neurons ...
A model for experience-dependent changes in the responses of inferotemporal neurons
... response of all recorded IT neurons during a DMS task with delay (Miller and Desimone 1993, Dudkin et al 1994). Finally, cholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain project to IT cortex (Mesulam et al 1983). This suggests that acetylcholine can modulate the responses of IT neurons. Cholinergic agonis ...
... response of all recorded IT neurons during a DMS task with delay (Miller and Desimone 1993, Dudkin et al 1994). Finally, cholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain project to IT cortex (Mesulam et al 1983). This suggests that acetylcholine can modulate the responses of IT neurons. Cholinergic agonis ...
Development of Subcellular mRNA Compartmentation in
... of particular mRNAs into dendrites, which together create the capacity for local synthesis of particular proteins, play a key role in establishing the molecular domains that allow dendrites to function as they do. Given the fact that RNA sorting and transport mechanisms are such prominent features o ...
... of particular mRNAs into dendrites, which together create the capacity for local synthesis of particular proteins, play a key role in establishing the molecular domains that allow dendrites to function as they do. Given the fact that RNA sorting and transport mechanisms are such prominent features o ...
The horizontal brain slice preparation: a novel approach for
... because the connections exist across layers and so could not be identified using the whole brain or in vivo preparation. In addition to being able to record from neurons across layers, this horizontal brain slice preparation also provides direct visualization and access to the neuropil where the den ...
... because the connections exist across layers and so could not be identified using the whole brain or in vivo preparation. In addition to being able to record from neurons across layers, this horizontal brain slice preparation also provides direct visualization and access to the neuropil where the den ...
VIEW PDF - Glaucoma Today
... Prog Retin Eye Res. 2003;22:465-481. 14. Crawford ML, Harwerth RS, Smith EL 3rd, et al. Experimental glaucoma in primates: changes in cytochrome oxidase blobs in V1 cortex. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2001;42 :358364. 15. Lam DY, Kaufman PL, Gabelt BT, et al. Neurochemical correlates of cortical plas ...
... Prog Retin Eye Res. 2003;22:465-481. 14. Crawford ML, Harwerth RS, Smith EL 3rd, et al. Experimental glaucoma in primates: changes in cytochrome oxidase blobs in V1 cortex. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2001;42 :358364. 15. Lam DY, Kaufman PL, Gabelt BT, et al. Neurochemical correlates of cortical plas ...
Encoding of conditioned fear in central amygdala inhibitory circuits
... (,15 ms) indicates that they may, like CEm neurons22,23, receive direct input from sensory thalamus24. Cross-correlating spontaneously occurring spikes of simultaneously recorded CElon and CEloff neurons revealed substantial, yet asymmetrical, short-latency inhibitory interactions between the two cl ...
... (,15 ms) indicates that they may, like CEm neurons22,23, receive direct input from sensory thalamus24. Cross-correlating spontaneously occurring spikes of simultaneously recorded CElon and CEloff neurons revealed substantial, yet asymmetrical, short-latency inhibitory interactions between the two cl ...
Dissociation of Mnemonic Coding and Other Functional Neuronal
... 1995). Electrophysiological recordings in the prefrontal cortex showed that although many neurons responded to some type of sensory stimulation, almost half (48%) of the recorded neurons remained unresponsive to such stimulation (Tanila et al. 1992). It has been proposed that the neurons in the PFCd ...
... 1995). Electrophysiological recordings in the prefrontal cortex showed that although many neurons responded to some type of sensory stimulation, almost half (48%) of the recorded neurons remained unresponsive to such stimulation (Tanila et al. 1992). It has been proposed that the neurons in the PFCd ...
as a PDF
... facilitates glutamate actions at NMDA receptors [26,27,69,70]. D2 receptor activity attenuates glutamate actions at non-NMDA receptors [26,70]. Since the nonNMDA glutamate activity is necessary before the NMDA receptor can become activated, this selective amplification of the NMDA response should se ...
... facilitates glutamate actions at NMDA receptors [26,27,69,70]. D2 receptor activity attenuates glutamate actions at non-NMDA receptors [26,70]. Since the nonNMDA glutamate activity is necessary before the NMDA receptor can become activated, this selective amplification of the NMDA response should se ...
Full text
... product in the cell soma [3]. In addition, secretory activity of NPY-ir perikarya was enhanced by starvation [3] or long-term undernutrition [14] in sheep. In the present work, NPY-containing neurons in IN of the ewe exhibited the enhanced NPY expression during the preovulatory phase of the oestrous ...
... product in the cell soma [3]. In addition, secretory activity of NPY-ir perikarya was enhanced by starvation [3] or long-term undernutrition [14] in sheep. In the present work, NPY-containing neurons in IN of the ewe exhibited the enhanced NPY expression during the preovulatory phase of the oestrous ...
Pre-Bötzinger complex
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/A2A_receptor_bilayer.png?width=300)
The pre-Bötzinger complex (preBötC) is a cluster of interneurons in the ventrolateral medulla of the brainstem. This complex has been proven to be essential for the generation of respiratory rhythm in mammals. The exact mechanism of the rhythm generation and transmission to motor nuclei remains controversial and the topic of much present research.Several synthetic compounds have been shown to act on neurons specific to the preBötC, most being selective agonists or antagonists to receptor subtypes on neurons in the vicinity. Since many of these neurons express GABA, glutamate, serotonin and adenosine receptors, chemicals custom tailored to bind at these sites are most effective at altering respiratory rhythm.Adenosine modulates the preBötC output via activation of the A1 and A2A receptor subtypes. An adenosine A1 receptor agonist has been shown to depress preBötC rhythmogenesis independent of the neurotransmitters GABA and glycine in ""in vitro"" preparations from 0-7 day old mice. Another synthetic drug specific to the adenosine A2A receptor subtype is CGS-21680 that has been shown to cause apneas in 14-21 day old rat pups in vivo. For this reason, it has been used as a model to study pathological conditions such as apnea of prematurity and SIDS in neonatal infants.