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... 4. Which part of the neuron is responsible for maintaining the life of the cell? a) axon b) soma Correct. The soma is responsible for maintaining the life of the cell. c) dendrite d) cell membrane Incorrect. The soma is responsible for maintaining the life of the cell. ANS: b, p. 38, F, LO=2.1, (2) ...
... 4. Which part of the neuron is responsible for maintaining the life of the cell? a) axon b) soma Correct. The soma is responsible for maintaining the life of the cell. c) dendrite d) cell membrane Incorrect. The soma is responsible for maintaining the life of the cell. ANS: b, p. 38, F, LO=2.1, (2) ...
RH Ettinger - Test Bank 1
... d. All of the above are correct Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 7 16. During an action potential, the membrane voltage changes from ________ to about ________ millivolts on the inside relative to the outside. a. –70; 0 b. 0; +50 c. –70; +30 d. –70; +55 Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 7 17. Local anesthetics ...
... d. All of the above are correct Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 7 16. During an action potential, the membrane voltage changes from ________ to about ________ millivolts on the inside relative to the outside. a. –70; 0 b. 0; +50 c. –70; +30 d. –70; +55 Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 7 17. Local anesthetics ...
Coincidence Detection or Temporal Integration?
... and Zador, 1998; Harsch and Robinson, 2000; Salinas and Sejnowski, 2000), other evidence suggests that cortical discharge patterns reflect the time-dependent integration of excitatory and inhibitory inputs (Bernander et al., 1991; Reich et al., 1997; Troyer and Miller, 1997; Shadlen and Newsome, 199 ...
... and Zador, 1998; Harsch and Robinson, 2000; Salinas and Sejnowski, 2000), other evidence suggests that cortical discharge patterns reflect the time-dependent integration of excitatory and inhibitory inputs (Bernander et al., 1991; Reich et al., 1997; Troyer and Miller, 1997; Shadlen and Newsome, 199 ...
pdf, 1 MiB - Infoscience
... a powerful tool providing further insight on the networks influenced by neuromodulation (Barkhoudarian et al., 2010; Chaturvedi et al., 2010; McIntyre and Foutz, 2013; Howell et al., 2014) and consequently a better understanding of the mechanism of action and effects of DBS. One of the major limitat ...
... a powerful tool providing further insight on the networks influenced by neuromodulation (Barkhoudarian et al., 2010; Chaturvedi et al., 2010; McIntyre and Foutz, 2013; Howell et al., 2014) and consequently a better understanding of the mechanism of action and effects of DBS. One of the major limitat ...
Imitation: is cognitive neuroscience solving the correspondence
... revolutionary impact, turning perception–action interaction into a focus of intensive, interdisciplinary research worldwide. Naturally there has been a great deal of speculation about the function of mirror neurons, including proposals that they mediate, not only imitation, but also action understan ...
... revolutionary impact, turning perception–action interaction into a focus of intensive, interdisciplinary research worldwide. Naturally there has been a great deal of speculation about the function of mirror neurons, including proposals that they mediate, not only imitation, but also action understan ...
Crapse (2008) Corollary discharge across the animal kingdom
... “corollary discharge” (CD) to denote motor-related signals that influence sensory processing, but his conception was less specific as to where the branch from motor to sensory pathways should emerge. In this Review we compare motor-to-sensory circuits across different species and different levels of ...
... “corollary discharge” (CD) to denote motor-related signals that influence sensory processing, but his conception was less specific as to where the branch from motor to sensory pathways should emerge. In this Review we compare motor-to-sensory circuits across different species and different levels of ...
Presumed Apoptosis and Reduced Arcuate Nucleus
... and 82- and 73-fold after the second and third bouts of hypoglycemia, respectively (Fig. 1). Similarly, plasma corticosterone levels (baseline 113 ± 32 ng/ml) rose to 7.8 and 8.9 times those at baseline at 30 min and 60 min after the first bout of hypoglycemia, but the 30-min increases were signific ...
... and 82- and 73-fold after the second and third bouts of hypoglycemia, respectively (Fig. 1). Similarly, plasma corticosterone levels (baseline 113 ± 32 ng/ml) rose to 7.8 and 8.9 times those at baseline at 30 min and 60 min after the first bout of hypoglycemia, but the 30-min increases were signific ...
The Neurons of the Medial Geniculate Body in the Mustached Bat
... Low-magnification cartoons (Figs. 1, 2) were made by drawing neurons through a camera lucida from several sections and arranging them without dendritic overlap for purposes of clarity. For each neuron, the location relative to nuclear borders and the orientation were preserved. Every section contain ...
... Low-magnification cartoons (Figs. 1, 2) were made by drawing neurons through a camera lucida from several sections and arranging them without dendritic overlap for purposes of clarity. For each neuron, the location relative to nuclear borders and the orientation were preserved. Every section contain ...
Large brains and cognition: Where do elephants fit in?
... where chimpanzees seem to greatly outperform elephants are those in which highly coordinated, fine-grained cognitive responses would appear to be paramount. Another biological difference influencing cognitive behavior involves those responses where binocular vision could play a major role. Elephants h ...
... where chimpanzees seem to greatly outperform elephants are those in which highly coordinated, fine-grained cognitive responses would appear to be paramount. Another biological difference influencing cognitive behavior involves those responses where binocular vision could play a major role. Elephants h ...
Selectivity and Tolerance - Center for Neural Science
... parameters. The parameters are all obtained by averaging local measurements across all spatial positions within the original image and are thus altogether capable of representing the number and type of local features in the original image, while lacking information about their specific locations. So ...
... parameters. The parameters are all obtained by averaging local measurements across all spatial positions within the original image and are thus altogether capable of representing the number and type of local features in the original image, while lacking information about their specific locations. So ...
Muscle networks: Connectivity analysis of EMG activity during postural control
... Undirected muscle networks. Intermuscular coherence differed between conditions and muscle combinations. In general, coherence was stronger for lower leg muscles and muscle combinations within the same leg segment. For instance, intermuscular coherence was significant for agonists (Fig. 2A) and anta ...
... Undirected muscle networks. Intermuscular coherence differed between conditions and muscle combinations. In general, coherence was stronger for lower leg muscles and muscle combinations within the same leg segment. For instance, intermuscular coherence was significant for agonists (Fig. 2A) and anta ...
PubMed Central CANADA
... prefrontal cortex, posterior parietal cortex, and medial temporal regions, all thought to be part of the DN. Several additional regions, such as the left inferior frontal gyrus and bilateral caudate, also showed the same pattern of activity and connectivity. These results provide evidence that the d ...
... prefrontal cortex, posterior parietal cortex, and medial temporal regions, all thought to be part of the DN. Several additional regions, such as the left inferior frontal gyrus and bilateral caudate, also showed the same pattern of activity and connectivity. These results provide evidence that the d ...
From format to function: Embodiment and the functional roles of
... type of neural evidence could ever resolve it. We propose instead that the field would be better served by focusing its attention on questions of mechanism and function. As it stands, there is substantial current evidence demonstrating that brain areas known to subserve perception and action are als ...
... type of neural evidence could ever resolve it. We propose instead that the field would be better served by focusing its attention on questions of mechanism and function. As it stands, there is substantial current evidence demonstrating that brain areas known to subserve perception and action are als ...
In Vitro, Ex Vivo and In Vivo Techniques to Study Neuronal Migration
... nucleus predominantly found in the VZ, a short apical process that connects them with the lateral ventricles and a very long basal filament that contacts the outer brain surface. This array of basal radial glia filaments is what newborn neurons use to support and direct their migration towards the o ...
... nucleus predominantly found in the VZ, a short apical process that connects them with the lateral ventricles and a very long basal filament that contacts the outer brain surface. This array of basal radial glia filaments is what newborn neurons use to support and direct their migration towards the o ...
ENDURING ISSUES ENDURING ISSUES (con`t) ENDURING
... In Rosenzweig s experiment, young rats lived in two kinds of cages: impoverished, with nothing to manipulate or explore, or enriched, with a variety of objects. When Rosenzweig examined the rats ...
... In Rosenzweig s experiment, young rats lived in two kinds of cages: impoverished, with nothing to manipulate or explore, or enriched, with a variety of objects. When Rosenzweig examined the rats ...
Central nervous System Lesions Leading to Disability
... afferent fibers bifurcate and travel in rostral and caudal directions, sending off terminals at various segmental levels. The motor neurons lie in the ventral horn. Those innervating a single muscle are collectively called a motor neuron pool. The motor neuron pools are segregated into longitudinal ...
... afferent fibers bifurcate and travel in rostral and caudal directions, sending off terminals at various segmental levels. The motor neurons lie in the ventral horn. Those innervating a single muscle are collectively called a motor neuron pool. The motor neuron pools are segregated into longitudinal ...
STATE-DEPENDENT OPIOID CONTROL OF PAIN
... reflex-related on-cell burst without affecting the off-cell pause60. Conversely, the activation of off cells by opioids can be blocked without affecting the on-cell burst. These findings indicate that the reciprocity of activity in the two RVM populations depends on shared upstream connectivity rath ...
... reflex-related on-cell burst without affecting the off-cell pause60. Conversely, the activation of off cells by opioids can be blocked without affecting the on-cell burst. These findings indicate that the reciprocity of activity in the two RVM populations depends on shared upstream connectivity rath ...
Temporal Firing Patterns of Purkinje Cells in the Cerebellar Ventral
... containing a motor apparatus. From best-fit parameter values, we can examine which portion of the final motor command is represented by the temporal pattern of the instantaneous firing frequency of neurons in some brain region under consideration. If the firing patterns can be well reconstructed by ...
... containing a motor apparatus. From best-fit parameter values, we can examine which portion of the final motor command is represented by the temporal pattern of the instantaneous firing frequency of neurons in some brain region under consideration. If the firing patterns can be well reconstructed by ...
Three key sequences HDEV
... the leg can grow several feet long. Each neuron possesses a cell body, dendrites, and an axon (see Figure 4.2). Dendrites are short fibers that extend from the cell body and receive incoming messages from up to 1,000 adjoining transmitting neurons. The axon extends trunklike from the cell body and a ...
... the leg can grow several feet long. Each neuron possesses a cell body, dendrites, and an axon (see Figure 4.2). Dendrites are short fibers that extend from the cell body and receive incoming messages from up to 1,000 adjoining transmitting neurons. The axon extends trunklike from the cell body and a ...
The Use of Cross-Correlation Mapping in Identifying Backwards Projecting Connections between Visual Cortical Areas
... The technique pioneered by Sugihara et al [5]–Cross-Correlation Mapping (CCM)–uses the dynamical systems definition of causality. More specifically, CCM constructs shadow manifold for two variables in the proposed system using time-lagged coordinate embedding. That is, CCM creates a shadow manifold ...
... The technique pioneered by Sugihara et al [5]–Cross-Correlation Mapping (CCM)–uses the dynamical systems definition of causality. More specifically, CCM constructs shadow manifold for two variables in the proposed system using time-lagged coordinate embedding. That is, CCM creates a shadow manifold ...