BMC Neuroscience Serial pathways from primate prefrontal cortex to autonomic areas
... We then used a different approach to obtain an overview of the origin and relative strength of serial pathways leading from the prefrontal cortex to the hypothalamus, and from the hypothalamus to autonomic regions in the brainstem, in addition to the spinal autonomic center, demonstrated above. We a ...
... We then used a different approach to obtain an overview of the origin and relative strength of serial pathways leading from the prefrontal cortex to the hypothalamus, and from the hypothalamus to autonomic regions in the brainstem, in addition to the spinal autonomic center, demonstrated above. We a ...
Hemispheric Asymmetry Reduction in Older Adults
... regions, including the PFC. In the second experiment of this study, PFC activity during face matching was found in the right hemisphere in young adults but in both hemispheres in older adults. This result suggests that age-related asymmetry reductions can be found not only for higher order cognitive ...
... regions, including the PFC. In the second experiment of this study, PFC activity during face matching was found in the right hemisphere in young adults but in both hemispheres in older adults. This result suggests that age-related asymmetry reductions can be found not only for higher order cognitive ...
ANS: c, p. 46, F, LO=2.1, (1)
... 29. The term “fire” when referring to neural transmission indicates that a neuron: a) has become less positive in charge. b) has received, in its dendrites, appropriate inputs from other neurons. Correct. A neuron fires after the dendrites receive enough stimulation to trigger the cell body to gener ...
... 29. The term “fire” when referring to neural transmission indicates that a neuron: a) has become less positive in charge. b) has received, in its dendrites, appropriate inputs from other neurons. Correct. A neuron fires after the dendrites receive enough stimulation to trigger the cell body to gener ...
Reaching beyond the classical receptive field of V1 neurons
... contours 2 [34,87,103], and to occluded contours defined by contextual depth cues [7,96]. More generally, the response of cells in V1 (and extrastriate cortex) can be modified by contextual stimuli lying far outside the neurons’ receptive field [1,10,30,60,67]. What are the neural circuits underlying t ...
... contours 2 [34,87,103], and to occluded contours defined by contextual depth cues [7,96]. More generally, the response of cells in V1 (and extrastriate cortex) can be modified by contextual stimuli lying far outside the neurons’ receptive field [1,10,30,60,67]. What are the neural circuits underlying t ...
Linking Objects to Actions: Encoding of Target Object and Grasping
... without any information regarding behavioral condition (unsupervised dimensionality reduction). Instead, the method relies on the intrinsic properties of the neural data and does not require an explicit model of the relationship between neural activity and external variables. The SSIMS algorithm beg ...
... without any information regarding behavioral condition (unsupervised dimensionality reduction). Instead, the method relies on the intrinsic properties of the neural data and does not require an explicit model of the relationship between neural activity and external variables. The SSIMS algorithm beg ...
Quantitative assessment of neurite outgrowth in human
... were obtained from ArunA Biomedical, Inc. (Athens, GA). The growth substrates poly-L-lysine and laminin were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Bisindolylmaleimide I (Bis1) and brefeldin A were purchased from Calbiochem, Inc. (San Diego, CA). ...
... were obtained from ArunA Biomedical, Inc. (Athens, GA). The growth substrates poly-L-lysine and laminin were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Bisindolylmaleimide I (Bis1) and brefeldin A were purchased from Calbiochem, Inc. (San Diego, CA). ...
Sensory experience and the formation of a computational map of
... instead topographically related to other biologically relevant features. These higher-level representations are often referred to as computational maps because they are generated as a result of integrative processes that take place within the brain. Computational maps provide a means by which more c ...
... instead topographically related to other biologically relevant features. These higher-level representations are often referred to as computational maps because they are generated as a result of integrative processes that take place within the brain. Computational maps provide a means by which more c ...
body proportions in infancy and early childhood
... • Over one quarter of the world’s children under age 5 are moderately or severely underweight. • In 2012, 15% of American households experienced food insecurity (lack of consistent access to food). • The most common nutrients missing from infants and toddlers’ diets are iron, zinc, and calcium. Kuth ...
... • Over one quarter of the world’s children under age 5 are moderately or severely underweight. • In 2012, 15% of American households experienced food insecurity (lack of consistent access to food). • The most common nutrients missing from infants and toddlers’ diets are iron, zinc, and calcium. Kuth ...
PDE5 Exists in Human Neurons and is a Viable Therapeutic Target
... and is present in cortex (Fig. 2A1-A3), hippocampus (Fig. 2B1-B3), and cerebellum (Fig. 2C1-C3). In Fig. 2, three different PDE5 antibodies are used, and each antibody reacts against a different epitope within PDE5 (see Methods). Figure 2A1, B1, and C1 use an Abcam antibody, Fig. 2A2, B2, and C2 use ...
... and is present in cortex (Fig. 2A1-A3), hippocampus (Fig. 2B1-B3), and cerebellum (Fig. 2C1-C3). In Fig. 2, three different PDE5 antibodies are used, and each antibody reacts against a different epitope within PDE5 (see Methods). Figure 2A1, B1, and C1 use an Abcam antibody, Fig. 2A2, B2, and C2 use ...
Topographically Specific Hippocampal Projections Target Functionally Distinct Prefrontal Areas in the
... prefrontal cortices, lateral prefrontal areas received projections from only a few labeled neurons found mostly in the subicular fields. Lateral prefrontal cortices received the most robust projections from the presubiculum and the supracallosal area 29a-c. Orbital, and to a lesser extent medial, pr ...
... prefrontal cortices, lateral prefrontal areas received projections from only a few labeled neurons found mostly in the subicular fields. Lateral prefrontal cortices received the most robust projections from the presubiculum and the supracallosal area 29a-c. Orbital, and to a lesser extent medial, pr ...
Neural crest stem cell
... translatability of the latest scientific progress. Here we try to suggest new ideas and strategies that are needed to fully develop the clinical use of these cells. This effort should involve both researchers/clinicians and improvements in good manufacturing practice procedures. It is important to a ...
... translatability of the latest scientific progress. Here we try to suggest new ideas and strategies that are needed to fully develop the clinical use of these cells. This effort should involve both researchers/clinicians and improvements in good manufacturing practice procedures. It is important to a ...
Functional anatomy of neural circuits regulating fear and extinction
... and Ce) after the retrieval of fear and extinction memories. Rats were injected with anterograde axonal transport tracers [tetramethylrhodamine (FluoroRuby; FR) and Phaseolus vulgarisleucoagglutinin (PHA-L)] in the IL, PL, or vHIPP. Only rats with FR or PHA-L labeling confined to the IL, PL, or vHIPP ...
... and Ce) after the retrieval of fear and extinction memories. Rats were injected with anterograde axonal transport tracers [tetramethylrhodamine (FluoroRuby; FR) and Phaseolus vulgarisleucoagglutinin (PHA-L)] in the IL, PL, or vHIPP. Only rats with FR or PHA-L labeling confined to the IL, PL, or vHIPP ...
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... increases synchronization, and decreasing receptive Weld size by pairing diVerent tone frequencies with NB stimulation decreases synchronization. These observations seem to support the conclusion that neural synchronization is simply an artifact caused by common inputs. However, pairing tone trains ...
... increases synchronization, and decreasing receptive Weld size by pairing diVerent tone frequencies with NB stimulation decreases synchronization. These observations seem to support the conclusion that neural synchronization is simply an artifact caused by common inputs. However, pairing tone trains ...
Zn2 Slows Down CaV3.3 Gating Kinetics: Implications for
... recorded in nRT cells (Huguenard and Prince 1992). As these different isoforms have specific kinetic properties, neuron behavior will depend on the type of T-current it expresses. Specifically, because slow inactivating CaV3.3 channels are required to fire action potentials at a high frequency and f ...
... recorded in nRT cells (Huguenard and Prince 1992). As these different isoforms have specific kinetic properties, neuron behavior will depend on the type of T-current it expresses. Specifically, because slow inactivating CaV3.3 channels are required to fire action potentials at a high frequency and f ...
Cerebellar Loops with Motor Cortex and Prefrontal Cortex of a
... We used transneuronal transport of neurotropic viruses to examine the topographic organization of circuits linking the cerebellar cortex with the arm area of the primary motor cortex (M1) and with area 46 in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of monkeys. Retrograde transneuronal transport of the CVS-11 ...
... We used transneuronal transport of neurotropic viruses to examine the topographic organization of circuits linking the cerebellar cortex with the arm area of the primary motor cortex (M1) and with area 46 in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of monkeys. Retrograde transneuronal transport of the CVS-11 ...
Prediction error for free monetary reward in the human prefrontal
... We tested for effects related to differential outcome value that depended on the context of prior expectation for two types of prediction error. (a) Unexpected nonreward (reward vs. nonreward outcome when reward was predicted): [A b N B]. (b) Unexpected reward (reward vs. nonreward outcome when a no ...
... We tested for effects related to differential outcome value that depended on the context of prior expectation for two types of prediction error. (a) Unexpected nonreward (reward vs. nonreward outcome when reward was predicted): [A b N B]. (b) Unexpected reward (reward vs. nonreward outcome when a no ...
Evidence for implication of primate area V1 in neural 3
... We investigated the neural mechanisms underlying visual localization in 3-D space in area V1 of behaving monkeys. Three different sources of information, retinal disparity, viewing distance and gaze direction, that participate in these neural mechanisms are being reviewed. The way they interact with ...
... We investigated the neural mechanisms underlying visual localization in 3-D space in area V1 of behaving monkeys. Three different sources of information, retinal disparity, viewing distance and gaze direction, that participate in these neural mechanisms are being reviewed. The way they interact with ...
Genetic Ablation of Orexin Neurons in Mice Results in Narcolepsy
... Figure 1. Expression of Truncated Ataxin-3 with Polyglutamine Repeat Stretch in OrexinContaining Neurons in Transgenic Mice (A) Orexin/ataxin-3 transgene. The genomic DNA fragment containing the 3149-bp 5⬘-flanking region and the 122-bp 5⬘-noncoding region of exon 1 of human prepro-orexin gene was l ...
... Figure 1. Expression of Truncated Ataxin-3 with Polyglutamine Repeat Stretch in OrexinContaining Neurons in Transgenic Mice (A) Orexin/ataxin-3 transgene. The genomic DNA fragment containing the 3149-bp 5⬘-flanking region and the 122-bp 5⬘-noncoding region of exon 1 of human prepro-orexin gene was l ...
Methods of Studying The Nervous System
... – Multiple unit recording provides an indication of the rate of firing of many neurons in the general vicinity of the electrode tip – An electrode larger than a microelectrode picks up the action potentials from many nearby neurons – The signal is integrated so that the height of the curve indicates ...
... – Multiple unit recording provides an indication of the rate of firing of many neurons in the general vicinity of the electrode tip – An electrode larger than a microelectrode picks up the action potentials from many nearby neurons – The signal is integrated so that the height of the curve indicates ...
Sonic hedgehog and cerebellum development
... overall and that of Gli2 was weak in the PL (Fig. 1F and not shown; Millen et al., 1995). Expression of Zic1-3 was found at high levels in the IGL, as previously reported (Aruga et al., 1996), but also in EGL cells (Fig. 1G, and not shown). Within the EGL, different members of the Gli/Zic superfamil ...
... overall and that of Gli2 was weak in the PL (Fig. 1F and not shown; Millen et al., 1995). Expression of Zic1-3 was found at high levels in the IGL, as previously reported (Aruga et al., 1996), but also in EGL cells (Fig. 1G, and not shown). Within the EGL, different members of the Gli/Zic superfamil ...
Read Neuroglia
... neuroglia biology britannica com - neuroglia also called glial cell or glia any of several types of cell that function primarily to support neurons the term neuroglia means nerve glue, neuroglia function definition video lesson - your brain s support system to serve protect and support that almost s ...
... neuroglia biology britannica com - neuroglia also called glial cell or glia any of several types of cell that function primarily to support neurons the term neuroglia means nerve glue, neuroglia function definition video lesson - your brain s support system to serve protect and support that almost s ...
