Elapsed Decision Time Affects the Weighting of Prior
... monkey (two female, two male) subjects were trained to perform a motion discrimination task. A chin rest and forehead bar were used to stabilize the heads of the human subjects for the duration of each experimental session; a head post was used for the same purpose for the monkeys. Stimuli were pres ...
... monkey (two female, two male) subjects were trained to perform a motion discrimination task. A chin rest and forehead bar were used to stabilize the heads of the human subjects for the duration of each experimental session; a head post was used for the same purpose for the monkeys. Stimuli were pres ...
Sensorimotor cortical influences on cuneate nucleus
... (bursting and tonic) are recognized to serve two basic functions: the bursting mode implies a functional disconnection from the outside world, since it is produced through intrinsic neuronal membrane properties which do not reflect the attributes of the sensory signals; the tonic or transfer mode al ...
... (bursting and tonic) are recognized to serve two basic functions: the bursting mode implies a functional disconnection from the outside world, since it is produced through intrinsic neuronal membrane properties which do not reflect the attributes of the sensory signals; the tonic or transfer mode al ...
Encoding and decoding in fMRI
... and Abbott, 2001 for a more general discussion of this issue). In this article we provide a conceptual overview of the relationship between encoding and decoding models. We clarify the relationship by invoking an abstract linearizing feature space that describes how stimulus, experimental or task va ...
... and Abbott, 2001 for a more general discussion of this issue). In this article we provide a conceptual overview of the relationship between encoding and decoding models. We clarify the relationship by invoking an abstract linearizing feature space that describes how stimulus, experimental or task va ...
Association of Poly(A) mRNA with Microtubules
... that poly(A) mRNA and associated ribosomes were excluded from tightly bundled microtubules. Introduction Neurons are highly polarized cells with two morphologically and functionally distinct types of processes: axons and dendrites. Protein synthesis is restricted to the somatodendritic compartment i ...
... that poly(A) mRNA and associated ribosomes were excluded from tightly bundled microtubules. Introduction Neurons are highly polarized cells with two morphologically and functionally distinct types of processes: axons and dendrites. Protein synthesis is restricted to the somatodendritic compartment i ...
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... relationship between sensory features and cortical plasticity suggests that evolution has selected for a repertoire of synaptic, intrinsic, and network-level learning rules that give rise to the most appropriate cortical organization for any given environment. Cortical plasticity has been documented ...
... relationship between sensory features and cortical plasticity suggests that evolution has selected for a repertoire of synaptic, intrinsic, and network-level learning rules that give rise to the most appropriate cortical organization for any given environment. Cortical plasticity has been documented ...
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... cessing were conducted as described by Brown ('87). A postauricular incision was made in the skin and in the bulla, and the round window membrane was removed. A small hole was made in the bone overlying the spiral ganglion, and a 30%solution of HRP was deposited by diffusion from pipettes with tips ...
... cessing were conducted as described by Brown ('87). A postauricular incision was made in the skin and in the bulla, and the round window membrane was removed. A small hole was made in the bone overlying the spiral ganglion, and a 30%solution of HRP was deposited by diffusion from pipettes with tips ...
Neuronal Activity in Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata during Target
... of the task and the different trial types. The large boxes are the screen on which visual stimuli were displayed. The cross represents the fixation point, and the small box indicates the eye position criterion window for correct performance of the task. Each of these trial types was randomly interle ...
... of the task and the different trial types. The large boxes are the screen on which visual stimuli were displayed. The cross represents the fixation point, and the small box indicates the eye position criterion window for correct performance of the task. Each of these trial types was randomly interle ...
100 The Molecular and Structural Basis of Amblyopia
... of the modification of synapses in layer 4, where geniculocortical axons first exert their influence in visual cortex. First visualized as eye-specific stripes in V1, LeVay, Wiesel, and Hubel (1980) showed that the shrinkage and expansion of deprived and nondeprived thalamic afferents in layer 4 app ...
... of the modification of synapses in layer 4, where geniculocortical axons first exert their influence in visual cortex. First visualized as eye-specific stripes in V1, LeVay, Wiesel, and Hubel (1980) showed that the shrinkage and expansion of deprived and nondeprived thalamic afferents in layer 4 app ...
Position Selectivity in Scene- and Object-Responsive
... neurons with RF sizes similar to LOC, this may indicate that they encode local features common to environmental scenes such as doors, windows, bricks, and tree trunks. On the other hand, if these regions contain neurons with larger, less position-specific RFs, this may indicate that they encode info ...
... neurons with RF sizes similar to LOC, this may indicate that they encode local features common to environmental scenes such as doors, windows, bricks, and tree trunks. On the other hand, if these regions contain neurons with larger, less position-specific RFs, this may indicate that they encode info ...
mechanisms of visual attention in the human cortex
... letter T or L at fixation, an attentionally demanding task. The stimuli were presented under two different conditions, simultaneous and sequential (Figure 3; see color insert). In the sequential condition, a single stimulus appeared in one of the four locations, then another appeared in a different ...
... letter T or L at fixation, an attentionally demanding task. The stimuli were presented under two different conditions, simultaneous and sequential (Figure 3; see color insert). In the sequential condition, a single stimulus appeared in one of the four locations, then another appeared in a different ...
Neural Mechanisms of Subclinical Depressive
... Background: Studies of individuals who do not meet criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD) but with subclinical levels of depressive symptoms may aid in the identification of neurofunctional abnormalities that possibly precede and predict the development of MDD. The purpose of this study was to ...
... Background: Studies of individuals who do not meet criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD) but with subclinical levels of depressive symptoms may aid in the identification of neurofunctional abnormalities that possibly precede and predict the development of MDD. The purpose of this study was to ...
Rule-Selection and Action-Selection have a Shared
... models have often overlooked it. This is not a necessary limitation and one might predict parallel hierarchies in parietal cortex based on the frequent coactivation of parietal and frontal regions in tasks of cognitive control (Duncan and Owen 2000; Duncan 2006); similar properties of parietal and p ...
... models have often overlooked it. This is not a necessary limitation and one might predict parallel hierarchies in parietal cortex based on the frequent coactivation of parietal and frontal regions in tasks of cognitive control (Duncan and Owen 2000; Duncan 2006); similar properties of parietal and p ...
GABAergic Influence on Taste Information in the Central Gustatory
... afferent gustatory information, initial processing of taste stimuli has been shown to take place, and this processing may be mediated by GABAergic synapses. This CNS location has been the focus of most of the research on GABAergic processing of gustatory information in the afferent gustatory pathway ...
... afferent gustatory information, initial processing of taste stimuli has been shown to take place, and this processing may be mediated by GABAergic synapses. This CNS location has been the focus of most of the research on GABAergic processing of gustatory information in the afferent gustatory pathway ...
Nicotine excites hypothalamic arcuate anorexigenic
... (WaveMetrics, Lake Oswego, OR) software were used for analysis. Both excitatory and inhibitory spontaneous postsynaptic currents were detected and measured with an algorithm in Axograph, and only those events with amplitude ⬎5 pA were used, as described in detail previously (Gao and van den Pol 2001 ...
... (WaveMetrics, Lake Oswego, OR) software were used for analysis. Both excitatory and inhibitory spontaneous postsynaptic currents were detected and measured with an algorithm in Axograph, and only those events with amplitude ⬎5 pA were used, as described in detail previously (Gao and van den Pol 2001 ...
UNIT II - Elsevier Health
... the Na+-K+ pump is shown to provide an additional contribution to the resting potential. In this figure, there is continuous pumping of three sodium ions to the outside for each two potassium ions pumped to the inside of the membrane. The fact that more sodium ions are being pumped to the outside th ...
... the Na+-K+ pump is shown to provide an additional contribution to the resting potential. In this figure, there is continuous pumping of three sodium ions to the outside for each two potassium ions pumped to the inside of the membrane. The fact that more sodium ions are being pumped to the outside th ...
The Three Neurogenetic Phases of Human Consciousness
... the ICC allow me to discuss another illustration. I have made a demonstration involving quarks, subatomic particles, and atoms interacting and giving rise to complexity-dependent degrees of consciousness. Thus the next step would be to discuss the molecular degree of consciousness. At this level mol ...
... the ICC allow me to discuss another illustration. I have made a demonstration involving quarks, subatomic particles, and atoms interacting and giving rise to complexity-dependent degrees of consciousness. Thus the next step would be to discuss the molecular degree of consciousness. At this level mol ...
Use of lipophilic dyes in studies of axonal pathfinding in vivo
... the nervous system was tremendously facilitated by the use of tracers, substances that are injected, for example, into the target area of axons. They are taken up by axons and via axonal transport they end up in the cell somas of projection neurons. One of the most commonly used substances is horse ...
... the nervous system was tremendously facilitated by the use of tracers, substances that are injected, for example, into the target area of axons. They are taken up by axons and via axonal transport they end up in the cell somas of projection neurons. One of the most commonly used substances is horse ...
J Neurophysiol - University of Connecticut
... highly asymmetric STRFs, evidence of frequency sweep selectivity, but the population showed no directional bias. Binaural preferences differed in their relative proportions, most notably an increased prevalence of excitatory contralateral-only cells in cortex (40%) versus thalamus (23%), indicating ...
... highly asymmetric STRFs, evidence of frequency sweep selectivity, but the population showed no directional bias. Binaural preferences differed in their relative proportions, most notably an increased prevalence of excitatory contralateral-only cells in cortex (40%) versus thalamus (23%), indicating ...
Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) expression and inhibitory
... Excitation and inhibition act in close partnership to direct and shape neural activity. Without inhibition, excitation can have a “run-away” or “ramp-up” effect. These states of over-excitation are thought to be symptomatic of epilepsy and schizophrenia amongst other disorders (Zaitsev, 2013). Aims ...
... Excitation and inhibition act in close partnership to direct and shape neural activity. Without inhibition, excitation can have a “run-away” or “ramp-up” effect. These states of over-excitation are thought to be symptomatic of epilepsy and schizophrenia amongst other disorders (Zaitsev, 2013). Aims ...
morphological changes in chick embryo neural tissue associated
... Histological evaluation of the neural tissue of chick embryos exposed to 0.137M and 0.685M hydrocortisone showed reduced neuron density and morphological changes associated with cell death. Glutaraldehyde with added magnesium chloride (MgCl2) as stabilizing chemical and potassium permangenate were ...
... Histological evaluation of the neural tissue of chick embryos exposed to 0.137M and 0.685M hydrocortisone showed reduced neuron density and morphological changes associated with cell death. Glutaraldehyde with added magnesium chloride (MgCl2) as stabilizing chemical and potassium permangenate were ...
Building Machines That Learn and Think Like People
... and other capacities we describe in the sections that follow. More structure and inductive biases could be built into the networks or learned from previous experience with related tasks, leading to more human-like patterns of learning and development. Networks may learn to effectively search for and ...
... and other capacities we describe in the sections that follow. More structure and inductive biases could be built into the networks or learned from previous experience with related tasks, leading to more human-like patterns of learning and development. Networks may learn to effectively search for and ...
Vestibular System: The Many Facets of a
... planes (i.e., an ωEH signal) can be used to control balance, whereas rotations in the horizontal plane (i.e., an ωEV signal) can be used primarily for navigation. In this particular experiment, such computation could be performed either entirely by vestibular signals or through contributions from bo ...
... planes (i.e., an ωEH signal) can be used to control balance, whereas rotations in the horizontal plane (i.e., an ωEV signal) can be used primarily for navigation. In this particular experiment, such computation could be performed either entirely by vestibular signals or through contributions from bo ...
![arXiv:1604.00289v3 [cs.AI] 2 Nov 2016](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/003558001_1-ebbf1f5b4b7daca920a4ae5f6fdbbe61-300x300.png)
arXiv:1604.00289v3 [cs.AI] 2 Nov 2016
... to learn or think like a person. We first review some of the criteria previously offered by cognitive scientists, developmental psychologists, and AI researchers. Second, we articulate what we view as the essential ingredients for building such a machine that learns or thinks like a person, synthesi ...
... to learn or think like a person. We first review some of the criteria previously offered by cognitive scientists, developmental psychologists, and AI researchers. Second, we articulate what we view as the essential ingredients for building such a machine that learns or thinks like a person, synthesi ...
