Nervous System Cells
... This process continues as a chain-reaction along the axon. The influx of sodium depolarizes the axon, and the ourflow of potassium repolarizes the axon. ...
... This process continues as a chain-reaction along the axon. The influx of sodium depolarizes the axon, and the ourflow of potassium repolarizes the axon. ...
Instructions for authors of poster abstracts for the
... We analyzed the viscoelastic properties at different locations along Müller cells (endfoot, inner process, soma) and of Bipolar cell somata by using atomic force microscopy (AFM), singleparticle-tracking and optical stretching. Moreover, we started to compare healthy cells with cells taken from tran ...
... We analyzed the viscoelastic properties at different locations along Müller cells (endfoot, inner process, soma) and of Bipolar cell somata by using atomic force microscopy (AFM), singleparticle-tracking and optical stretching. Moreover, we started to compare healthy cells with cells taken from tran ...
Slide ()
... Responses of neurons in the primary visual cortex of a monkey to visual stimuli. (Adapted, with permission, from Hubel and Wiesel 1977.) A. A diagonal bar of light is moved leftward across the visual field, traversing the receptive fields of a binocularly responsive cell in area 17 of visual cortex. ...
... Responses of neurons in the primary visual cortex of a monkey to visual stimuli. (Adapted, with permission, from Hubel and Wiesel 1977.) A. A diagonal bar of light is moved leftward across the visual field, traversing the receptive fields of a binocularly responsive cell in area 17 of visual cortex. ...
A New Source for New Neurons : TheologyPlus : http://www
... Now, thanks to the discovery reported in the October 5 issue of Cell Stem Cell, pericytes might be about to learn a new trick: forming new neurons. Using stem cell reprogramming techniques, researchers learned that two factors—Sox2 and Mash1—would induce pericytes to change their developmental state ...
... Now, thanks to the discovery reported in the October 5 issue of Cell Stem Cell, pericytes might be about to learn a new trick: forming new neurons. Using stem cell reprogramming techniques, researchers learned that two factors—Sox2 and Mash1—would induce pericytes to change their developmental state ...
Neural Basis of the Oblique Effect
... and these cells exhibit a narrower tuning width at horizontal angles. – The slopes of the tuning curves are also steeper for horizontal orientations. ...
... and these cells exhibit a narrower tuning width at horizontal angles. – The slopes of the tuning curves are also steeper for horizontal orientations. ...
Chapter 2 slides
... • Performs different functions in different locations • When close to rough ER it is thought to aid in folding of the proteins • Other types of smooth ER regulate internal concentrations of substances such as calcium ...
... • Performs different functions in different locations • When close to rough ER it is thought to aid in folding of the proteins • Other types of smooth ER regulate internal concentrations of substances such as calcium ...
Slide ()
... neuroendocrine system (blue) send their axons directly to the posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis) where they release the peptides vasopressin and oxytocin into the general circulation. Neurons in the parvicellular neuroendocrine system (yellow) send their axons to a venous portal system in the med ...
... neuroendocrine system (blue) send their axons directly to the posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis) where they release the peptides vasopressin and oxytocin into the general circulation. Neurons in the parvicellular neuroendocrine system (yellow) send their axons to a venous portal system in the med ...
Unique features of neurons, which distinguish them from other
... • supported by special cells and complex mesh of structural proteins – Glial cells and neurofilaments ...
... • supported by special cells and complex mesh of structural proteins – Glial cells and neurofilaments ...
Slide ()
... Sexual dimorphism in the human bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. The nucleus (BNST) has significantly more neurons in men compared to women regardless of male sexual orientation. Similar to women, male-to-female transsexuals have fewer neurons than men. In the one female-to-male transsexual brain ...
... Sexual dimorphism in the human bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. The nucleus (BNST) has significantly more neurons in men compared to women regardless of male sexual orientation. Similar to women, male-to-female transsexuals have fewer neurons than men. In the one female-to-male transsexual brain ...
Custom-Tailored Molecules - Max-Planck
... Gene therapy could also be a suitable approach for other retinal diseases, since there are, in fact, several diseases that cause the eye’s photoreceptors to die off. “The fascinating thing about optogenetics is that treatments using algal rhodopsins don’t influence the development of the disease, bu ...
... Gene therapy could also be a suitable approach for other retinal diseases, since there are, in fact, several diseases that cause the eye’s photoreceptors to die off. “The fascinating thing about optogenetics is that treatments using algal rhodopsins don’t influence the development of the disease, bu ...
Final Exam - UF Psychology
... O a. is likely to have a higher fetal level of testosterone in her blood than a female that is located between two females. X b. is likely to mate with one of those males in adulthood O c. is more likely to show male-typical sexual behavior in adulthood than a female that was located between two fem ...
... O a. is likely to have a higher fetal level of testosterone in her blood than a female that is located between two females. X b. is likely to mate with one of those males in adulthood O c. is more likely to show male-typical sexual behavior in adulthood than a female that was located between two fem ...
Supplementary Figure Legends
... well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma with compressed hepatic parenchyma (left). A representative liver section from an animal with BEP neuronal transplants shows almost normal liver morphology with mild fibrosis septae (right). ...
... well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma with compressed hepatic parenchyma (left). A representative liver section from an animal with BEP neuronal transplants shows almost normal liver morphology with mild fibrosis septae (right). ...
Lec17BioImProc
... Rods and cones Rods: Night vision, but no color. 125E6, none in fovea, outnumber cones 20:1 Cones: Color sensitive, but poor light sensitivity 6.4E6, peak density in fovea ...
... Rods and cones Rods: Night vision, but no color. 125E6, none in fovea, outnumber cones 20:1 Cones: Color sensitive, but poor light sensitivity 6.4E6, peak density in fovea ...
Cliff - USD Biology
... ChETA (E123 by Thr and Ala variants) ChIEF http://www.openoptogenetics.org/index.php?title=Channelrhodopsins#tab=Variants Evoke ultrafast firing frequencies for fast spiking neurons Help match the synchrony and patterning of the physiological neural code ...
... ChETA (E123 by Thr and Ala variants) ChIEF http://www.openoptogenetics.org/index.php?title=Channelrhodopsins#tab=Variants Evoke ultrafast firing frequencies for fast spiking neurons Help match the synchrony and patterning of the physiological neural code ...
OptoXR control - Mike DeSalvio
... – opto-β2AR transfected cells showed significant cAMP levels as compared to β2AR wild-type cells without IP3 recruitment – opto-a1AR transfected cells showed significant up-regulation of IP3 when compared to a1AR wild-type cells • Non-canonical results: – Optical stimulation was not sufficient to mo ...
... – opto-β2AR transfected cells showed significant cAMP levels as compared to β2AR wild-type cells without IP3 recruitment – opto-a1AR transfected cells showed significant up-regulation of IP3 when compared to a1AR wild-type cells • Non-canonical results: – Optical stimulation was not sufficient to mo ...
Click here to view a labelled image of the Knitted Retina
... These neurons are important connectors in the retina, forming synapses (a neuronal junction) with 4 different types of neurons. They are connected to the photoreceptors and the horizontal cells at one end and to amacrine and ganglion cells at the other end. They receive electrical signals from the p ...
... These neurons are important connectors in the retina, forming synapses (a neuronal junction) with 4 different types of neurons. They are connected to the photoreceptors and the horizontal cells at one end and to amacrine and ganglion cells at the other end. They receive electrical signals from the p ...
Scientists are Growing Tiny Cerebral Cortexes in Petri
... balls of cortical tissue—the key working tissue in the human brain—in a dish. And much, like our brains, these simplified, petri dish brains are abuzz with neuronal activity. As off-the-wall insane as this sounds, it isn’t just some mad science experiment. These tiny, 3D structures function much lik ...
... balls of cortical tissue—the key working tissue in the human brain—in a dish. And much, like our brains, these simplified, petri dish brains are abuzz with neuronal activity. As off-the-wall insane as this sounds, it isn’t just some mad science experiment. These tiny, 3D structures function much lik ...
White blood cells play important roles in protecting us from infections
... send signals that mediate memory formation or control our body movement. Thus, blood cells are entirely different population from neurons, and two cell types have no functional relationship each other. Recently, it has been reported that white blood cells come along to the brain tissue, however, the ...
... send signals that mediate memory formation or control our body movement. Thus, blood cells are entirely different population from neurons, and two cell types have no functional relationship each other. Recently, it has been reported that white blood cells come along to the brain tissue, however, the ...
Neural coding in the primary olfactory cortex
... The primary olfactory (piriform) cortex is a phylogenetically-ancient three-layered structure that is the first cortical destination of olfactory information. The comparatively simple architecture of the piriform cortex (PC) suggests that it may be a valuable model system for the study of cortical s ...
... The primary olfactory (piriform) cortex is a phylogenetically-ancient three-layered structure that is the first cortical destination of olfactory information. The comparatively simple architecture of the piriform cortex (PC) suggests that it may be a valuable model system for the study of cortical s ...
Local Copy - Synthetic Neurobiology Group
... meant to celebrate the power or lament the futility of simply paying attention. Were he scientifically inclined, he might have added that mere observation is unsatisfying because many things can be learned only through experimentation—perturbing things, then seeing what happens next. So it is with c ...
... meant to celebrate the power or lament the futility of simply paying attention. Were he scientifically inclined, he might have added that mere observation is unsatisfying because many things can be learned only through experimentation—perturbing things, then seeing what happens next. So it is with c ...
Central Nervous System (CNS): Basic Facts
... Central Nervous System • Fissures (large cleft) – Lateral or Sylvan fissure – Longitudinal fissure – Central fissure or sulcus ...
... Central Nervous System • Fissures (large cleft) – Lateral or Sylvan fissure – Longitudinal fissure – Central fissure or sulcus ...
Optogenetics: Molecular and Optical Tools for Controlling Life with
... microbial (type I) opsins, seven-transmembrane proteins found in organisms throughout the tree of life, where they mediate lightsensing or photosynthetic functions, capturing light energy and using the energy to convey ions across cell membranes. These molecules had been studied since the 1970s for ...
... microbial (type I) opsins, seven-transmembrane proteins found in organisms throughout the tree of life, where they mediate lightsensing or photosynthetic functions, capturing light energy and using the energy to convey ions across cell membranes. These molecules had been studied since the 1970s for ...
Channelrhodopsin
Channelrhodopsins are a subfamily of retinylidene proteins (rhodopsins) that function as light-gated ion channels. They serve as sensory photoreceptors in unicellular green algae, controlling phototaxis: movement in response to light. Expressed in cells of other organisms, they enable light to control electrical excitability, intracellular acidity, calcium influx, and other cellular processes. Channelrhodopsin-1 (ChR1) and Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) from the model organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii are the first discovered channelrhodopsins. Variants have been cloned from other algal species, and more are expected.