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... synthetic rubber, etc. Generally lyophobic. Explain the term associated colloids (Micelles). There are some substances which at low concentrations behave as normal strong electrolytes, but at higher concentrations exhibit colloidal behaviour due to the formation of aggregates. The aggregated particl ...
... synthetic rubber, etc. Generally lyophobic. Explain the term associated colloids (Micelles). There are some substances which at low concentrations behave as normal strong electrolytes, but at higher concentrations exhibit colloidal behaviour due to the formation of aggregates. The aggregated particl ...
Geophysical Journal International
... surfaces. The kerosene completely wets this surface while the brine is only weakly hydrophilic with a wetting angle of 73.6◦ . At the molecular scale, this means that Stoke’s no-slip boundary condition may not always apply as has been more recently demonstrated by many researchers in other disciplin ...
... surfaces. The kerosene completely wets this surface while the brine is only weakly hydrophilic with a wetting angle of 73.6◦ . At the molecular scale, this means that Stoke’s no-slip boundary condition may not always apply as has been more recently demonstrated by many researchers in other disciplin ...
pH scale learning goals
... Predict and test whether an acid—if diluted with enough water—can have a pH greater than 7.00. Predict and test whether a base—if diluted with enough water—can have a pH less than 7.00. ...
... Predict and test whether an acid—if diluted with enough water—can have a pH greater than 7.00. Predict and test whether a base—if diluted with enough water—can have a pH less than 7.00. ...
"Modes of spheroidal ion plasmas at the Brillouin limit" Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996) pp. 749-58. M. D. Tinkle, R. G. Greaves, and C. M. Surko (PDF)
... by a magnetic field. However, if the plasma density rises above a critical value, the repulsive and centrifugal forces on the rotating plasma can no longer be balanced by the force due to the confining magnetic field. This density limit—the Brillouin limit—was first described in the context of elect ...
... by a magnetic field. However, if the plasma density rises above a critical value, the repulsive and centrifugal forces on the rotating plasma can no longer be balanced by the force due to the confining magnetic field. This density limit—the Brillouin limit—was first described in the context of elect ...
Apr25_2_Duthil - CERN Accelerator School
... Isolated systems are completely isolated from their environment: they do not exchange energy (heat, work) nor matter with their environment. ...
... Isolated systems are completely isolated from their environment: they do not exchange energy (heat, work) nor matter with their environment. ...
![Chains of [RE6] Octahedra Coupled by (NCN) Links in the Network](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/015582545_1-0c739ec23481c3b23043e6bd2ed87368-300x300.png)
Chains of [RE6] Octahedra Coupled by (NCN) Links in the Network
... bridging (CN2)2- to form a three-dimensional network with Cl- ions in linear channels. Compounds 1 and 2 are surprisingly stable toward air and water. They have been characterized by thermal analysis, infrared spectroscopy, and magnetic susceptibility studies. ...
... bridging (CN2)2- to form a three-dimensional network with Cl- ions in linear channels. Compounds 1 and 2 are surprisingly stable toward air and water. They have been characterized by thermal analysis, infrared spectroscopy, and magnetic susceptibility studies. ...
Magnetic Neutron Scattering
... nice trick: we can calculate everything with product wave function, just as if the neutrons were distinguishable, but we have to introduce in addition to the other energies involved an exchange interaction, which is given by the product of the spins times a constant. This constant is determined by t ...
... nice trick: we can calculate everything with product wave function, just as if the neutrons were distinguishable, but we have to introduce in addition to the other energies involved an exchange interaction, which is given by the product of the spins times a constant. This constant is determined by t ...
Modeling the extraction of sputtered metal from Linköping University Post Print
... sputtered species. In a typical hollow cathode direct current discharge there is a limited possibility to control it. In a pulsed discharge there are more degrees of freedom available. Those extra degrees of freedom have a potential of being used to control the discharge characteristics, one of whic ...
... sputtered species. In a typical hollow cathode direct current discharge there is a limited possibility to control it. In a pulsed discharge there are more degrees of freedom available. Those extra degrees of freedom have a potential of being used to control the discharge characteristics, one of whic ...
APPENDIXES
... More specific aspects of glow discharges like motion of charge carriers within electric and magnetic fields, and collision theory, demand a solid knowledge of quantum mechanics and electrodynamics. These aspects have not been considered, although they constitute fields in plasma research that have b ...
... More specific aspects of glow discharges like motion of charge carriers within electric and magnetic fields, and collision theory, demand a solid knowledge of quantum mechanics and electrodynamics. These aspects have not been considered, although they constitute fields in plasma research that have b ...
Ion transport in a partially ionized impure edge plasma
... by introducing impurities into the plasma edge, which gives rise to radiative cooling of the divertor plasma and can lower the temperature to the range of 1 eV or less, where recombination occurs. The neutral atom density then rises in the divertor, and the plasma loses parallel momentum and energy ...
... by introducing impurities into the plasma edge, which gives rise to radiative cooling of the divertor plasma and can lower the temperature to the range of 1 eV or less, where recombination occurs. The neutral atom density then rises in the divertor, and the plasma loses parallel momentum and energy ...
- White Rose Research Online
... transformation under an electrical field, which extends the transition range between tetragonal and orthorhombic phases. It is revealed that such an electrically-enhanced diffused ...
... transformation under an electrical field, which extends the transition range between tetragonal and orthorhombic phases. It is revealed that such an electrically-enhanced diffused ...
The multipole polarizabilities and hyperpolarizabilities of the water
... In the present study we introduce a somewhat different approach that can be viewed as an extension of mean-field methods [19]. In mean field theories the interactions of a central particle with all its neighbours are collapsed into the influence of a local field. Such an approach has been previously ...
... In the present study we introduce a somewhat different approach that can be viewed as an extension of mean-field methods [19]. In mean field theories the interactions of a central particle with all its neighbours are collapsed into the influence of a local field. Such an approach has been previously ...
Factors affecting the Cl atom density in a chlorine discharge
... properties and the rate coefficients for various electronparticle (atom or molecule) reactions.The EEDF depends on the electric field, neutral gas density, excitation frequency, and plasma gas composition. The latter may be quite different than the feedstockgascomposition,but this complication is us ...
... properties and the rate coefficients for various electronparticle (atom or molecule) reactions.The EEDF depends on the electric field, neutral gas density, excitation frequency, and plasma gas composition. The latter may be quite different than the feedstockgascomposition,but this complication is us ...
Study of Propagation of Ion Acoustic Waves in Argon
... electromagnetic and electrostatic waves may propagate in plasma. The primary emphasis has been placed on the study of electrostatic waves because the ease with which such waves may be excited and detected and because the collision less damping of waves predicted by Landau can be conveniently studied ...
... electromagnetic and electrostatic waves may propagate in plasma. The primary emphasis has been placed on the study of electrostatic waves because the ease with which such waves may be excited and detected and because the collision less damping of waves predicted by Landau can be conveniently studied ...
Novel Example of a Chain Structure Formed by 1,4
... perpendicular to all of the local zi axes. The local xi axis for each Co ion is perpendicular to the ziyi plane. The calculations are performed in the molecular coordinate system that coincides with the local ones of the terminal ions. The Hamiltonian of the regarded system can be presented as H ) H ...
... perpendicular to all of the local zi axes. The local xi axis for each Co ion is perpendicular to the ziyi plane. The calculations are performed in the molecular coordinate system that coincides with the local ones of the terminal ions. The Hamiltonian of the regarded system can be presented as H ) H ...
ELECTRONIC, OPTICAL, STRUCTURAL, AND ELASTIC
... ternary transition-metal carbides and nitride date back to the 1960s.1–7 Three decades later, using a reactive hot-pressing method, Barsoum and El-Raghy8 successfully fabricated single-phase Ti3SiC2 in polycrystalline bulk form, which enabled the observation of its unusual mechanical and transport p ...
... ternary transition-metal carbides and nitride date back to the 1960s.1–7 Three decades later, using a reactive hot-pressing method, Barsoum and El-Raghy8 successfully fabricated single-phase Ti3SiC2 in polycrystalline bulk form, which enabled the observation of its unusual mechanical and transport p ...
How do electrons move in a gas
... A closely related argument can already be found in Maxwell's Treatise (1873).] ...
... A closely related argument can already be found in Maxwell's Treatise (1873).] ...
AAN025_V1 Interfacial rheometry
... a spherical shape. Interfaces are dynamic, that means The most important physical parameter charac- at equilibrium an equal amount of molecules go to terizing an interface or surface is the interfacial (sur- the interface and leave the interface for the fluid or face) tension. What gives rise to the ...
... a spherical shape. Interfaces are dynamic, that means The most important physical parameter charac- at equilibrium an equal amount of molecules go to terizing an interface or surface is the interfacial (sur- the interface and leave the interface for the fluid or face) tension. What gives rise to the ...
Plasma wave undulator for laser-accelerated electrons
... ultrashort x-ray sources can potentially have many applications in fundamental research as well as in the industrial or medical domains. However, even if these sources can already cover a spectral range from a few electron volts !conventional undulators" to a few 100 keV !Thomson backscattering", th ...
... ultrashort x-ray sources can potentially have many applications in fundamental research as well as in the industrial or medical domains. However, even if these sources can already cover a spectral range from a few electron volts !conventional undulators" to a few 100 keV !Thomson backscattering", th ...
Google DeepMind Neural Networks
... have come up with what they are calling a differentiable neural computer (DNC.) In their paper published in the journal Nature, they describe the work they are doing and where they believe it is headed. To make the work more accessible to the public team members, Alexander Graves and Greg Wayne have ...
... have come up with what they are calling a differentiable neural computer (DNC.) In their paper published in the journal Nature, they describe the work they are doing and where they believe it is headed. To make the work more accessible to the public team members, Alexander Graves and Greg Wayne have ...
State of matter
In physics, a state of matter is one of the distinct forms that matter takes on. Four states of matter are observable in everyday life: solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. Many other states are known, such as Bose–Einstein condensates and neutron-degenerate matter, but these only occur in extreme situations such as ultra cold or ultra dense matter. Other states, such as quark–gluon plasmas, are believed to be possible but remain theoretical for now. For a complete list of all exotic states of matter, see the list of states of matter.Historically, the distinction is made based on qualitative differences in properties. Matter in the solid state maintains a fixed volume and shape, with component particles (atoms, molecules or ions) close together and fixed into place. Matter in the liquid state maintains a fixed volume, but has a variable shape that adapts to fit its container. Its particles are still close together but move freely. Matter in the gaseous state has both variable volume and shape, adapting both to fit its container. Its particles are neither close together nor fixed in place. Matter in the plasma state has variable volume and shape, but as well as neutral atoms, it contains a significant number of ions and electrons, both of which can move around freely. Plasma is the most common form of visible matter in the universe.The term phase is sometimes used as a synonym for state of matter, but a system can contain several immiscible phases of the same state of matter (see Phase (matter) for more discussion of the difference between the two terms).