The physics of manganites: Structure and transport
... Colossal magnetoresistance manganites (i.e., based on LaMnO3 and relatives) are known for the unusually large effect an external magnetic field has on their ability to transport electricity and heat. While many of these effects were known more than 50 years ago (van Santen and Jonker, 1950), an appr ...
... Colossal magnetoresistance manganites (i.e., based on LaMnO3 and relatives) are known for the unusually large effect an external magnetic field has on their ability to transport electricity and heat. While many of these effects were known more than 50 years ago (van Santen and Jonker, 1950), an appr ...
nuclear fusion fusion nucleaire nnepHUM cnHTe3 fusion nuclear
... and of the 4He ash produced by the fusion reactions as well as the supply of new fuel. In present plasma experiments with plasma confinement in a strong magnetic field the energy confinement is not yet sufficient for a D-T fusion plasma to ignite and to burn. Improvement of this confinement is still ...
... and of the 4He ash produced by the fusion reactions as well as the supply of new fuel. In present plasma experiments with plasma confinement in a strong magnetic field the energy confinement is not yet sufficient for a D-T fusion plasma to ignite and to burn. Improvement of this confinement is still ...
URL - StealthSkater
... interior and boundary supra currents are different with interior Cooper pairs being BCS type. These 2 superconducting phases compete in certain narrow interval around critical temperature for which body temperature of endotherms is a good candidate in the case of living matter. Also, high Tc superfl ...
... interior and boundary supra currents are different with interior Cooper pairs being BCS type. These 2 superconducting phases compete in certain narrow interval around critical temperature for which body temperature of endotherms is a good candidate in the case of living matter. Also, high Tc superfl ...
A Study of the Behavior of Alkyl Side Chains Phenols and Arenes in
... and non-covalent interactions were calculated for common (conventional) n-alkyl phenols and n-alkyl benzenes and also for the models of the cyclized forms of these compounds. The concepts of the cyclized forms were formulated on the basis of the study of the distribution of electron densities (atomi ...
... and non-covalent interactions were calculated for common (conventional) n-alkyl phenols and n-alkyl benzenes and also for the models of the cyclized forms of these compounds. The concepts of the cyclized forms were formulated on the basis of the study of the distribution of electron densities (atomi ...
electron density and electron neutral collision frequency
... the entire curve while the last figure shows the results for matching only frequencies higher than the upper hybrid frequency. Right panel (b) shows spin modulation observed on the upleg of SAL data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
... the entire curve while the last figure shows the results for matching only frequencies higher than the upper hybrid frequency. Right panel (b) shows spin modulation observed on the upleg of SAL data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
Ion-acoustic supersolitons in plasmas with two
... Both Refs. 8 and 24 have given a thorough discussion of all possible large amplitude solitons and double layers, but did not specifically address the supersoliton properties. Hence, we propose to return to these models, with a specific focus on parameter regimes which admit supersolitons, for plasma ...
... Both Refs. 8 and 24 have given a thorough discussion of all possible large amplitude solitons and double layers, but did not specifically address the supersoliton properties. Hence, we propose to return to these models, with a specific focus on parameter regimes which admit supersolitons, for plasma ...
Magnetic Properties of 3d and 4f Ferromagnets Studied by X
... one of the 4f states. Unfortunately, complications occur because XMCD spectra at the L2,3 edges of the rare earth elements contain contributions of dipolar (E1: 2p → 5d) and of quadrupolar (E2: 2p → 4f ) transitions which partly overlap [16–18]. The goal of the present study is beyond the simple pro ...
... one of the 4f states. Unfortunately, complications occur because XMCD spectra at the L2,3 edges of the rare earth elements contain contributions of dipolar (E1: 2p → 5d) and of quadrupolar (E2: 2p → 4f ) transitions which partly overlap [16–18]. The goal of the present study is beyond the simple pro ...
Colloidal Dispersions in Fluid Media: Electric, Magnetic and Light Control
... Repulsive interactions between colloidal particles can be induced in two ways: either by using the double layer repulsion or via steric interaction due to a polymer coating. Focusing on the first case, when a charged particle is submerged in an electrolyte solution, ions in the dispersing medium reo ...
... Repulsive interactions between colloidal particles can be induced in two ways: either by using the double layer repulsion or via steric interaction due to a polymer coating. Focusing on the first case, when a charged particle is submerged in an electrolyte solution, ions in the dispersing medium reo ...
Ionic Liquid Crystals - American Chemical Society
... still often used to denote these crystal phases. The crystal B phase should not be confused with the smectic B phase (hexatic B phase). The latter phase is a genuine liquid crystal phase. The soft crystal phases have true long-range positional order in the three dimensions. The crystal G phase is a ...
... still often used to denote these crystal phases. The crystal B phase should not be confused with the smectic B phase (hexatic B phase). The latter phase is a genuine liquid crystal phase. The soft crystal phases have true long-range positional order in the three dimensions. The crystal G phase is a ...
Microwave Spectroscopy of Two-Dimensional Electrons in Tilted Magnetic Field
... Wigner solids in zero magnetic field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
... Wigner solids in zero magnetic field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
Magnetism, structure and chemical order in 3d metals ad their alloys
... in correspondence to the bcc-hcp structural phase transition around 13 GPa. An intense debate is still open to understand which, between structural and magnetic degrees of freedom, plays a driving role in the bcc ferromagnetic to hcp non-ferromagnetic transition. In cobalt, the suppression of ferrom ...
... in correspondence to the bcc-hcp structural phase transition around 13 GPa. An intense debate is still open to understand which, between structural and magnetic degrees of freedom, plays a driving role in the bcc ferromagnetic to hcp non-ferromagnetic transition. In cobalt, the suppression of ferrom ...
Effects of electric fields on ultracold Rydberg atom interactions
... through the ac-Stark effect, can influence the excitation of pairs of Rydberg atoms [15]. Finally, we summarize and discuss the relationships between these effects. We will confine our discussion to alkali atoms. ...
... through the ac-Stark effect, can influence the excitation of pairs of Rydberg atoms [15]. Finally, we summarize and discuss the relationships between these effects. We will confine our discussion to alkali atoms. ...
Optical emission spectrometry with microwave induced plasmas in
... generation of Br2 than in the case of the oxidation of Cl-, which is due to the fact that Br2 is heavier and less volatile than Cl2. It was also found necessary to use a slightly higher gas flow rate to transport the Br2 than in the case of Cl2. For the determination of S2-, the sample solution can ...
... generation of Br2 than in the case of the oxidation of Cl-, which is due to the fact that Br2 is heavier and less volatile than Cl2. It was also found necessary to use a slightly higher gas flow rate to transport the Br2 than in the case of Cl2. For the determination of S2-, the sample solution can ...
Electric and Magnetic Properties of Ultra Thin (Ga,Mn)As Epilayers
... depends on annealing time and temperature as well as the presence of a capping layer and the nature of it. These effects as well as the in-depth profile of the Mn distribution all have an influence on these results, as will be discussed. The small thickness at which the ultra thin (Ga,Mn)As epilayer ...
... depends on annealing time and temperature as well as the presence of a capping layer and the nature of it. These effects as well as the in-depth profile of the Mn distribution all have an influence on these results, as will be discussed. The small thickness at which the ultra thin (Ga,Mn)As epilayer ...
State of matter
In physics, a state of matter is one of the distinct forms that matter takes on. Four states of matter are observable in everyday life: solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. Many other states are known, such as Bose–Einstein condensates and neutron-degenerate matter, but these only occur in extreme situations such as ultra cold or ultra dense matter. Other states, such as quark–gluon plasmas, are believed to be possible but remain theoretical for now. For a complete list of all exotic states of matter, see the list of states of matter.Historically, the distinction is made based on qualitative differences in properties. Matter in the solid state maintains a fixed volume and shape, with component particles (atoms, molecules or ions) close together and fixed into place. Matter in the liquid state maintains a fixed volume, but has a variable shape that adapts to fit its container. Its particles are still close together but move freely. Matter in the gaseous state has both variable volume and shape, adapting both to fit its container. Its particles are neither close together nor fixed in place. Matter in the plasma state has variable volume and shape, but as well as neutral atoms, it contains a significant number of ions and electrons, both of which can move around freely. Plasma is the most common form of visible matter in the universe.The term phase is sometimes used as a synonym for state of matter, but a system can contain several immiscible phases of the same state of matter (see Phase (matter) for more discussion of the difference between the two terms).