Memory
... neutral stimulus needs to come before the unconditioned stimulus. 2. The time in between the two stimuli should be about half a second. ...
... neutral stimulus needs to come before the unconditioned stimulus. 2. The time in between the two stimuli should be about half a second. ...
Slides - NYU Computation and Cognition Lab
... compound stimulus AB, the associability will be low for all but the first trial, meaning that blocking is less successful on the first trial than on subsequent trials. (Basic story is similar to RW in this way) ...
... compound stimulus AB, the associability will be low for all but the first trial, meaning that blocking is less successful on the first trial than on subsequent trials. (Basic story is similar to RW in this way) ...
Module_10vs9_Final
... ◦ Occurs during classical conditioning when an organism learns to make a particular response to some stimuli but not to others ◦ Discrimination stimulus; cue that a behavior will be reinforced ...
... ◦ Occurs during classical conditioning when an organism learns to make a particular response to some stimuli but not to others ◦ Discrimination stimulus; cue that a behavior will be reinforced ...
Chapter 6 Learning Pwrpt
... Higher-order Conditioning = a procedure in which the conditioned stimulus in one conditioning experience is paired with a new neutral stimulus, creating a second (often weaker) conditioned stimulus. For example, an animal that has learned that a tone predicts food might then learn that a light pred ...
... Higher-order Conditioning = a procedure in which the conditioned stimulus in one conditioning experience is paired with a new neutral stimulus, creating a second (often weaker) conditioned stimulus. For example, an animal that has learned that a tone predicts food might then learn that a light pred ...
Learning Modules PowerPoint
... • One explanation is that there is no time for the subject to anticipate the UCS and thus the CS does not take on the properties of the UCS. ...
... • One explanation is that there is no time for the subject to anticipate the UCS and thus the CS does not take on the properties of the UCS. ...
Behavioral Theories - Educational Psychology Interactive
... According to the behaviorists, learning can be defined as “the relatively permanent change in behavior brought about as a result of experience or practice.” Behaviorists recognize that learning is an internal event. However, it is not recognized as learning until it is displayed by overt behavior. ...
... According to the behaviorists, learning can be defined as “the relatively permanent change in behavior brought about as a result of experience or practice.” Behaviorists recognize that learning is an internal event. However, it is not recognized as learning until it is displayed by overt behavior. ...
Chapter 1
... Learning relies not only on repetition, but on peoples’ ability to generalize--that is, respond in the same way to slightly different stimuli Explains why some manufacturers try to make their generic/store brands similar in appearance to name brands ...
... Learning relies not only on repetition, but on peoples’ ability to generalize--that is, respond in the same way to slightly different stimuli Explains why some manufacturers try to make their generic/store brands similar in appearance to name brands ...
learning
... reliably occurs when another stimulus (US) is about to appear. •First stimulus can be used to accurately predict the arrival of the US. Contiguity •When stimuli occur close together in time. •Appears that the CR is acquired only when the CS predicts what is going to follow. ...
... reliably occurs when another stimulus (US) is about to appear. •First stimulus can be used to accurately predict the arrival of the US. Contiguity •When stimuli occur close together in time. •Appears that the CR is acquired only when the CS predicts what is going to follow. ...
Learning
... • Law of Effect – a law stating that if a response made in the presence of a particular stimulus is rewarded, the same response is more likely to occur when that stimulus is encountered again. • Operant conditioning – a process in which response are learned on the basis of their rewarding or punishi ...
... • Law of Effect – a law stating that if a response made in the presence of a particular stimulus is rewarded, the same response is more likely to occur when that stimulus is encountered again. • Operant conditioning – a process in which response are learned on the basis of their rewarding or punishi ...
LearningActivity answers
... 3. Screeching tires (CS) often cause people to tense up and flinch (CR). The lack of this response during a car race suggests that stimulus discrimination may be present. Because neither person has had an accident, higher-order conditioning may account for their learning. Specifically, screeching ti ...
... 3. Screeching tires (CS) often cause people to tense up and flinch (CR). The lack of this response during a car race suggests that stimulus discrimination may be present. Because neither person has had an accident, higher-order conditioning may account for their learning. Specifically, screeching ti ...
Psych 305A: Lecture 14 The Cognitive Approach Part I Learning and
... • Subjects: mainly lab animals (rats, pigeons), but some humans • Emphasis: Environmental causes of behavior (i.e., nurture) ...
... • Subjects: mainly lab animals (rats, pigeons), but some humans • Emphasis: Environmental causes of behavior (i.e., nurture) ...
Welcome to Psychology 41G
... Easiest was to do this is to present the Conditioned Stimulus without the Unconditioned Stimulus repeatedly ...
... Easiest was to do this is to present the Conditioned Stimulus without the Unconditioned Stimulus repeatedly ...
Behaviorist Learning Theories
... He demonstrated the conditioned response in the case of “Little Albert”(Watson, 1925), who was exposed to an alarming noise and a rat at the same time, and developed not only a fear of rats, but transferred the fear to all furry objects. ...
... He demonstrated the conditioned response in the case of “Little Albert”(Watson, 1925), who was exposed to an alarming noise and a rat at the same time, and developed not only a fear of rats, but transferred the fear to all furry objects. ...
Chapter 6 Guided Reading
... 19. In ________________________ ________________________ a new response is conditioned to an old stimulus by repeatedly pairing it with another (usually unpleasant) stimulus. 20. In operant conditioning we learn because of the __________________________ of our actions. 21. Provide an example of a be ...
... 19. In ________________________ ________________________ a new response is conditioned to an old stimulus by repeatedly pairing it with another (usually unpleasant) stimulus. 20. In operant conditioning we learn because of the __________________________ of our actions. 21. Provide an example of a be ...
Learning Presentation
... Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS): an event that elicits a certain predictable reaction without any previous training Unconditioned Response (UCR): a natural reaction to a stimulus Conditioned Stimulus (CS): a once neutral event that results in a specific reaction after training has occurred Conditioned ...
... Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS): an event that elicits a certain predictable reaction without any previous training Unconditioned Response (UCR): a natural reaction to a stimulus Conditioned Stimulus (CS): a once neutral event that results in a specific reaction after training has occurred Conditioned ...
Learning and Behavior - White Plains Public Schools
... • CR and UCR are the same in this case (salivating), BUT stemming from different causes • Acquisition- the process by which CR is first elicited and gradually increases in frequency over repeated trials ...
... • CR and UCR are the same in this case (salivating), BUT stemming from different causes • Acquisition- the process by which CR is first elicited and gradually increases in frequency over repeated trials ...
Print › Ch 6 - Learning | Quizlet | Quizlet
... behavior; little steps to reach a goal behavior - application: used when desired behavior is complicated / not likely to occur on its own (not necessary for naturally occurring /onestep behaviors) ...
... behavior; little steps to reach a goal behavior - application: used when desired behavior is complicated / not likely to occur on its own (not necessary for naturally occurring /onestep behaviors) ...
Basic Learning Processes - Webcourses
... • Critiques suggest that all Pavlov did was train dogs to salivate at the sound of a bell is unfortunately perpetuated in the press and in some psychology texts. • Pavlovian conditioning is important to survival and has many practical applications in modern society. • It helps account for phobias, p ...
... • Critiques suggest that all Pavlov did was train dogs to salivate at the sound of a bell is unfortunately perpetuated in the press and in some psychology texts. • Pavlovian conditioning is important to survival and has many practical applications in modern society. • It helps account for phobias, p ...
learned
... • When a conditioned stimulus acts like an unconditioned stimulus, creating conditioned stimuli out of events associated with it. • Example? • Very important adaptive characteristic of cc in preparing organism for life threatening events ...
... • When a conditioned stimulus acts like an unconditioned stimulus, creating conditioned stimuli out of events associated with it. • Example? • Very important adaptive characteristic of cc in preparing organism for life threatening events ...
Pavlovian Conditioning
... Tone (CS)-elicits-Salivation (CR) Pavlov believed that conditioned responses were identical to unconditioned responses. That is usually not the case. For example, conditioned responses may be less pronounced (weaker) or a bit more lethargic than unconditioned responses. Several phenomena turn up in ...
... Tone (CS)-elicits-Salivation (CR) Pavlov believed that conditioned responses were identical to unconditioned responses. That is usually not the case. For example, conditioned responses may be less pronounced (weaker) or a bit more lethargic than unconditioned responses. Several phenomena turn up in ...
Second-order conditioning
... which are accompanied or closely followed by satisfaction to the animal will, other things being equal, be more firmly connected with the situation, so that, when it recurs, they will be more likely to recur; those which are accompanied or closely followed by discomfort to the animal will, other thi ...
... which are accompanied or closely followed by satisfaction to the animal will, other things being equal, be more firmly connected with the situation, so that, when it recurs, they will be more likely to recur; those which are accompanied or closely followed by discomfort to the animal will, other thi ...
AP Psychology Unit 6- Operant Conditioning
... if followed by a reinforce or diminished if followed by a punisher ...
... if followed by a reinforce or diminished if followed by a punisher ...
Learning PPT
... Reinforcement increase a behavior; punishment does the opposite It decreases the frequency of a preceding behavior Studies show that criminal behavior is not deterred by threat of severe consequences ...
... Reinforcement increase a behavior; punishment does the opposite It decreases the frequency of a preceding behavior Studies show that criminal behavior is not deterred by threat of severe consequences ...
Classical conditioning
Classical conditioning (also known as Pavlovian or respondent conditioning) is a learning process in which an innate response to a potent stimulus comes to be elicited in response to a previously neutral stimulus; this is achieved by repeated pairings of the neutral stimulus with the potent stimulus. The basic facts about classical conditioning were discovered by Ivan Pavlov through his famous experiments with dogs. Together with operant conditioning, classical conditioning became the foundation of Behaviorism, a school of psychology that dominated psychology in the mid-20th century and is still an important influence on the practice of psychological therapy and the study of animal behaviour (ethology). Classical conditioning is now the best understood of the basic learning processes, and its neural substrates are beginning to be understood.