Electrostatics
... electron (q/m). He believed that the newly discovered particle was a part of an atom. But he didn't give enough evidence for that hypothesis. Defining the charge and the mass could be the final proof. Many scientists tried to solve this problem. The first who managed to measure what was the elementa ...
... electron (q/m). He believed that the newly discovered particle was a part of an atom. But he didn't give enough evidence for that hypothesis. Defining the charge and the mass could be the final proof. Many scientists tried to solve this problem. The first who managed to measure what was the elementa ...
Current and Resistance
... (pressure) to force electrons (water) through electric resistance (narrow constriction). ...
... (pressure) to force electrons (water) through electric resistance (narrow constriction). ...
Magnetism
... discovered a relationship between the two during a classroom demonstration. This led to new technology that would bring electric power, radio and television. ...
... discovered a relationship between the two during a classroom demonstration. This led to new technology that would bring electric power, radio and television. ...
Study Guide
... Free charges are the charges that are not a result of polarization. The combination of free and bound charges is the total charge and the enclosed charges will be the sum of both free and bound charges. Free charges might consist of electrons on a conductor or ions embedded in the dielectric materi ...
... Free charges are the charges that are not a result of polarization. The combination of free and bound charges is the total charge and the enclosed charges will be the sum of both free and bound charges. Free charges might consist of electrons on a conductor or ions embedded in the dielectric materi ...
Version 001 – Electromagnetism – tubman – (111213) 1 This print
... Lenz’s law states that the induced current appears such that it opposes the change in the magnetic flux. In this case the magnetic flux through the rectangular loop is decreasing (since the area of the loop is decreasing) with the direction of the flux into the page, so that the induced magnetic fie ...
... Lenz’s law states that the induced current appears such that it opposes the change in the magnetic flux. In this case the magnetic flux through the rectangular loop is decreasing (since the area of the loop is decreasing) with the direction of the flux into the page, so that the induced magnetic fie ...
The Physics of MRI Scans
... conductor (the wire in this case) the stronger the magnetic field. The receiver coil picks up the RF electromagnetic relaxation produced by nuclear relaxation inside the ...
... conductor (the wire in this case) the stronger the magnetic field. The receiver coil picks up the RF electromagnetic relaxation produced by nuclear relaxation inside the ...
INTRO
... And log(u) produces a normal (Gaussian) distribution. Then it is said that u has a lognormal distribution. This kind of random variables arises , in particular, through the fragmentation process. ...
... And log(u) produces a normal (Gaussian) distribution. Then it is said that u has a lognormal distribution. This kind of random variables arises , in particular, through the fragmentation process. ...
Document
... • The material is placed in a stronger field • The domains not aligned with the field become very small • When the external field is removed, the material may retain a net magnetization in the direction of the original field ...
... • The material is placed in a stronger field • The domains not aligned with the field become very small • When the external field is removed, the material may retain a net magnetization in the direction of the original field ...
Magnetic field around a current
... Since a source emf is always needed to produce a current, the coil behaves as if it were a source of emf. This emf is known as the induced emf. ...
... Since a source emf is always needed to produce a current, the coil behaves as if it were a source of emf. This emf is known as the induced emf. ...
Giant magnetoresistance
Giant magnetoresistance (GMR) is a quantum mechanical magnetoresistance effect observed in thin-film structures composed of alternating ferromagnetic and non-magnetic conductive layers. The 2007 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to Albert Fert and Peter Grünberg for the discovery of GMR.The effect is observed as a significant change in the electrical resistance depending on whether the magnetization of adjacent ferromagnetic layers are in a parallel or an antiparallel alignment. The overall resistance is relatively low for parallel alignment and relatively high for antiparallel alignment. The magnetization direction can be controlled, for example, by applying an external magnetic field. The effect is based on the dependence of electron scattering on the spin orientation.The main application of GMR is magnetic field sensors, which are used to read data in hard disk drives, biosensors, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and other devices. GMR multilayer structures are also used in magnetoresistive random-access memory (MRAM) as cells that store one bit of information.In literature, the term giant magnetoresistance is sometimes confused with colossal magnetoresistance of ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic semiconductors, which is not related to the multilayer structure.