Nerve activates contraction
... B lymphocytes (WBC) produce immunoglobins, or antibodies, that specifically recognize and combat viruses, bacteria, and other invaders. -Millions of types of Antibodies can be produced depending on what the infectious agent is - how? -Immunoglobins have constant and variable region -100s of gene se ...
... B lymphocytes (WBC) produce immunoglobins, or antibodies, that specifically recognize and combat viruses, bacteria, and other invaders. -Millions of types of Antibodies can be produced depending on what the infectious agent is - how? -Immunoglobins have constant and variable region -100s of gene se ...
I. Microbial Genetics (Chapter 7) A. Overview 1. all of the information
... c. hydrogen bonds between anti-parallel strands join the two helices (1) G-C, 3 bonds (2) A-T, 2 bonds 5. Significance of DNA structure a. maintenance of code during replication (1) base pairing helps retain base sequence (2) each strand provides a template b. provides variety, since order of bases ...
... c. hydrogen bonds between anti-parallel strands join the two helices (1) G-C, 3 bonds (2) A-T, 2 bonds 5. Significance of DNA structure a. maintenance of code during replication (1) base pairing helps retain base sequence (2) each strand provides a template b. provides variety, since order of bases ...
Unit review questions
... 52. What is RNA polymerase & tell its function. 53. What are promoters? 54. Where does RNA polymerase bind to the DNA it is transcribing? 55.What makes the beginning of a new gene on DNA in eukaryotes? 56. What do promoters mark the beginning of on prokaryotic DNA? 57. When a promoter binds to DNA, ...
... 52. What is RNA polymerase & tell its function. 53. What are promoters? 54. Where does RNA polymerase bind to the DNA it is transcribing? 55.What makes the beginning of a new gene on DNA in eukaryotes? 56. What do promoters mark the beginning of on prokaryotic DNA? 57. When a promoter binds to DNA, ...
LECTURE 5: DNA, RNA & PROTEINS
... • mRNA carries the message about what type of protein to make from the DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome • The nucleotide sequences of RNA and DNA are the same (except in RNA _______ is used instead of thymine) • mRNA is synthesized from DNA using base pairing • DNA unwinds in a section ...
... • mRNA carries the message about what type of protein to make from the DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome • The nucleotide sequences of RNA and DNA are the same (except in RNA _______ is used instead of thymine) • mRNA is synthesized from DNA using base pairing • DNA unwinds in a section ...
Gene Expression
... the DNA to find a special region called a promoter. This tells the enzyme where to start copying the DNA. • It copies the DNA until it comes to a terminator. ...
... the DNA to find a special region called a promoter. This tells the enzyme where to start copying the DNA. • It copies the DNA until it comes to a terminator. ...
3-5 mutations F11
... DNA repair or proofreading genes make enzymes that help the cell fix mutations in its DNA. When a DNA repair gene is mutated, the cell can’t repair mistakes in its DNA. These mistakes build up until an oncogene is hit. Then the cell becomes ...
... DNA repair or proofreading genes make enzymes that help the cell fix mutations in its DNA. When a DNA repair gene is mutated, the cell can’t repair mistakes in its DNA. These mistakes build up until an oncogene is hit. Then the cell becomes ...
lecture 6 genetic languages and mutations_RECAP
... • It is conservative: The first two bases are usually identical when multiple codons specify the same amino acid. ...
... • It is conservative: The first two bases are usually identical when multiple codons specify the same amino acid. ...
DNA polymerase
... “It has not escaped our notice that the specific pairing we have postulated immediately suggests a possible copying mechanism for the genetic material” (Watson and Crick 1953) ...
... “It has not escaped our notice that the specific pairing we have postulated immediately suggests a possible copying mechanism for the genetic material” (Watson and Crick 1953) ...
DNA and the Genetic Code
... • The sequences of bases appears to be random but in reality nothing is farther from the truth. The base pair sequence contains the code by which proteins are synthesized in the cell ...
... • The sequences of bases appears to be random but in reality nothing is farther from the truth. The base pair sequence contains the code by which proteins are synthesized in the cell ...
DNA and the Genetic Code
... • The sequences of bases appears to be random but in reality nothing is farther from the truth. The base pair sequence contains the code by which proteins are synthesized in the cell ...
... • The sequences of bases appears to be random but in reality nothing is farther from the truth. The base pair sequence contains the code by which proteins are synthesized in the cell ...
Introduction to Genetics
... specific cells for their own replication, consist of protein & nucleic acid (ds/ss DNA or RNA). Transposable elements –1st identified in maize Replicate as part of another genetic element capable of moving from site to site. Transposable elements prove - genetic material not stable, fluidic ...
... specific cells for their own replication, consist of protein & nucleic acid (ds/ss DNA or RNA). Transposable elements –1st identified in maize Replicate as part of another genetic element capable of moving from site to site. Transposable elements prove - genetic material not stable, fluidic ...
as a PDF
... DNA sequencing soon produced surprises by revealing connections between genes that previously had seemed unrelated. Two early examples involved cancer-causing genes: the oncogenes sis and erbB. One research team cloned these genes and determined their DNA sequences. Meanwhile, unrelated groups of re ...
... DNA sequencing soon produced surprises by revealing connections between genes that previously had seemed unrelated. Two early examples involved cancer-causing genes: the oncogenes sis and erbB. One research team cloned these genes and determined their DNA sequences. Meanwhile, unrelated groups of re ...
Biotechnology - clevengerscience
... change in DNA sequence affects restriction enzyme “cut” site creates different fragment sizes & different band ...
... change in DNA sequence affects restriction enzyme “cut” site creates different fragment sizes & different band ...
DNA base sequences
... and primates has been completely sequenced and used to construct cladogram between them. The rate at which mutations occur at can be used as a molecular clock to calculate how long ago species diverged. If the DNA base sequences or two species are similar … … then few mutations have occurred … … the ...
... and primates has been completely sequenced and used to construct cladogram between them. The rate at which mutations occur at can be used as a molecular clock to calculate how long ago species diverged. If the DNA base sequences or two species are similar … … then few mutations have occurred … … the ...
PHAR2811 Dale`s lecture 3 Review of DNA Structure Another
... • The average mol. Wt. of an amino acid ...
... • The average mol. Wt. of an amino acid ...
Chapter 24 PPT
... – Before replication begins, the two strands of the parent molecule are hydrogen-bonded together – Enzyme DNA helicase unwinds and “unzips” the doublestranded DNA – New complementary DNA nucleotides fit into place along divided strands by complementary base pairing. These are positioned and joined b ...
... – Before replication begins, the two strands of the parent molecule are hydrogen-bonded together – Enzyme DNA helicase unwinds and “unzips” the doublestranded DNA – New complementary DNA nucleotides fit into place along divided strands by complementary base pairing. These are positioned and joined b ...
Biology 207 Workshop 9
... In this case, parent and recombinant genotypes are giving the same phenotype. Since the number of black progeny should equal the number of recombinant cb, then doubling the number of black progeny should equal the total recombinant progeny expected. Therefore the answer is 2*102/600*100=34 m.u.. c+d ...
... In this case, parent and recombinant genotypes are giving the same phenotype. Since the number of black progeny should equal the number of recombinant cb, then doubling the number of black progeny should equal the total recombinant progeny expected. Therefore the answer is 2*102/600*100=34 m.u.. c+d ...
Statement of purpose
... called c-di-GMP. It has recently been shown that c-di-GMP binds to FleQ and derepresses the expression of genes responsible for biofilm formation. The structural basis of release of FleQ mediated repression by c-di-GMP is not known. Overall, FleQ appears to be a dual-regulator which can act as an ac ...
... called c-di-GMP. It has recently been shown that c-di-GMP binds to FleQ and derepresses the expression of genes responsible for biofilm formation. The structural basis of release of FleQ mediated repression by c-di-GMP is not known. Overall, FleQ appears to be a dual-regulator which can act as an ac ...
Chpt 9: How Genes Work DNA is your genetic material, it makes up
... we now know we have 3 billion bases making up DNA before the Human Genome Project, we thought we had 100,000 genes now we think we have 25,000-30,000 genes and the next big project is the Proteome project, trying to catalogue all those proteins and what they do the old idea was that one gene=one spe ...
... we now know we have 3 billion bases making up DNA before the Human Genome Project, we thought we had 100,000 genes now we think we have 25,000-30,000 genes and the next big project is the Proteome project, trying to catalogue all those proteins and what they do the old idea was that one gene=one spe ...
CELL SNAP - YourGenome.org
... The largest of the organelles and is at the centre of the cell. It is the storage site of the cell’s DNA. An organelle that forms an extensive network of flattened, sack-like membranes known as cisternae. It extends out from the nuclear membrane into the cytoplasm of the cell and is involved in the ...
... The largest of the organelles and is at the centre of the cell. It is the storage site of the cell’s DNA. An organelle that forms an extensive network of flattened, sack-like membranes known as cisternae. It extends out from the nuclear membrane into the cytoplasm of the cell and is involved in the ...
transfer RNA
... At this point the newly formed RNA is a “PremRNA”, and must be modified before its proteinbuilding instructions can be put to use. A cap binding protein complex (CBC) forms at the 5’ end which is needed when the mRNA is exported from the nucleus. To the 3’ end, a poly-tail of about 100 to 300 nucle ...
... At this point the newly formed RNA is a “PremRNA”, and must be modified before its proteinbuilding instructions can be put to use. A cap binding protein complex (CBC) forms at the 5’ end which is needed when the mRNA is exported from the nucleus. To the 3’ end, a poly-tail of about 100 to 300 nucle ...
CHAPTER 18
... • The Southern blot technique is based upon DNA hybridization. • The Northern blot technique is based upon RNA-DNA hybridization. • Hybridization can be used to determine the degree of similarity between two samples. ...
... • The Southern blot technique is based upon DNA hybridization. • The Northern blot technique is based upon RNA-DNA hybridization. • Hybridization can be used to determine the degree of similarity between two samples. ...
Cre-Lox recombination
In the field of genetics, Cre-Lox recombination is known as a site-specific recombinase technology, and is widely used to carry out deletions, insertions, translocations and inversions at specific sites in the DNA of cells. It allows the DNA modification to be targeted to a specific cell type or be triggered by a specific external stimulus. It is implemented both in eukaryotic and prokaryotic systems.The system consists of a single enzyme, Cre recombinase, that recombines a pair of short target sequences called the Lox sequences. This system can be implemented without inserting any extra supporting proteins or sequences. The Cre enzyme and the original Lox site called the LoxP sequence are derived from bacteriophage P1.Placing Lox sequences appropriately allows genes to be activated, repressed, or exchanged for other genes. At a DNA level many types of manipulations can be carried out. The activity of the Cre enzyme can be controlled so that it is expressed in a particular cell type or triggered by an external stimulus like a chemical signal or a heat shock. These targeted DNA changes are useful in cell lineage tracing and when mutants are lethal if expressed globally.The Cre-Lox system is very similar in action and in usage to the FLP-FRT recombination system.