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Restriction enzymes
Restriction enzymes

... running in opposite directions.  If the restriction site on one strand is 3’-CTTAAG-5’, the complementary strand is 5’-GAATTC-3’. ...
Evidence Evolution Notes
Evidence Evolution Notes

... The ________________ on a bat’s wing and a dragon fly’s _________. ...
From Genes to Proteins
From Genes to Proteins

... Keratin is one of the proteins in hair. The gene for keratin is transcribed and translated by certain skin cells. The series of letters on the next slide represents the sequence of nucleotides in a portion of an mRNA molecule transcribed from the gene for keratin. This mRNA strand and the genetic co ...
Biotechnology IB Syllabus
Biotechnology IB Syllabus

... International-mindedness:  Gel electrophoresis is used to separate proteins or fragments of DNA according to size.  PCR can be used to amplify small amounts of DNA. Theory of knowledge:  DNA profiling involves comparison of DNA. The use of DNA for securing convictions in legal cases is well  Gen ...
DNA
DNA

... • Why: DNA can’t leave the nucleus but the message must get to the ribosome • You are now using U’s no T’s. • RNA polymerase – Enzyme that brings in RNA nucleotides to match up with DNA ...
DNA- The Molecule of Life
DNA- The Molecule of Life

...  Translocation: When one part of a chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome.  Non-disjunction: Means “not coming apart”. When homologous chromosomes fail to separate properly during meiosis. ...
Reproductive_technol..
Reproductive_technol..

... Q.2 What is gel electrophoresis and how is it used in DNA analysis? Briefly describe the method of gel electrophoresis. Q.3 What is DNA (genetic) profiling? Q.4 What is the aim of DNA profiling and how is it used? Q.5 What is PCR, what does it do and how is it used to assist genetic fingerprinting? ...
A New Way of Classifying Life?
A New Way of Classifying Life?

... information vertically from one generation to the next. When these combinations are subjected to selective pressures, vertical evolution occurs. Horizontal gene transmission occurs when organisms within the same generation swap genetic material. The primordial cell-like forms that gave rise to the t ...
lecture notes-molecular biology-central dogma
lecture notes-molecular biology-central dogma

... Elongation joins amino acids to the growing polypeptide chain according to the sequence specified by the message. - The formation of the peptide bond between the two amino acids occurs on adjacent sites on the ribosome: the P or peptidyl site and the A or ...
Week 2
Week 2

... • Cancer is linked with hyper-activity of growth factors of inhibition of tumor suppressor proteins • Sickle cell disease is due to the replacement of a single nucleotide, causing a change in a single amino acid in the sequence of the components of the hemoglobin complex, in turn reducing its oxygen ...
18.3 GMO, GMF & Cloning
18.3 GMO, GMF & Cloning

... → people fear that since GMFs come from private companies, they would start to have control over the world food supply 4)artificial selection – human selection of particular traits (ex. Faster horses, diseaseresistant plants, breeding of dogs, etc.) ...
To-Do before your first classroom visit:
To-Do before your first classroom visit:

CELL PARTS
CELL PARTS

Lecture 17
Lecture 17

... b) Insertions or Deletions - Inserting an extra nucleotide, or deleting a nucleotide causes a frameshift. ...
Chapter 1 Introduction and Overview
Chapter 1 Introduction and Overview

... The complete set of DNA within the nucleus of any organism is called its genome. Organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts also have their own genomes. There is surprisingly little correlation between the nuclear DNA content of a genome (i.e. the c-value) and the physical size or complexity o ...
Influenza A H3N2 (A/X-31) Hemagglutinin / HA Protein (His Tag)
Influenza A H3N2 (A/X-31) Hemagglutinin / HA Protein (His Tag)

Make an Animal Activity: Coyote
Make an Animal Activity: Coyote

document
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... If you want to learn about nature, to appreciate nature, it is necessary to understand the language that she speaks in. She offers her information only in one form; we are not so unhumble as to demand that she change before we pay any attention. (R. ...
DNA Basics - Thermo Fisher Scientific
DNA Basics - Thermo Fisher Scientific

... To understand the significance of what GeneChip expression analysis microarrays do, you need to understand the basics of DNA. DNA is a long chain of molecules shaped like a double helix, or a very long spiral staircase. DNA is the genetic blue print, or script, providing instructions for all cellula ...
New computational technique allows comparison of
New computational technique allows comparison of

... Finally, Kim and his colleagues analyzed the genomes of several hundred viruses, including several that could not be classified. "Some viruses have no or few highly conserved common genes to other viruses, thus, the gene alignment-based method cannot find relationship among such groups, but we think ...
Anatomy and Physiology Semester Exam Review Sheet
Anatomy and Physiology Semester Exam Review Sheet

...  Stages of mitosis – and what the cell does in each stage  Cell cycle – what’s occurring at each stage  Binary fission  Crossing over and independent assortment  Chromosomes – what are they and how many humans have Meiosis  Stages of meiosis – and what the cell does in each stage DNA and RNA S ...
Complete genomic sequence of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus
Complete genomic sequence of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus

... genome has been completely elucidated. Knowledge of the sequence of the viral genome and its gene content and composition is important for further studies on the function of viral proteins in the viral replicative cycle in cell culture and in the animal host. For a better molecular analysis of ®sh r ...
Lecture Presentation to accompany Principles of Life
Lecture Presentation to accompany Principles of Life

DNA replicationRepair
DNA replicationRepair

... – A pairs with T – C pairs with G ...
From Gene to Protein
From Gene to Protein

... gene codes for one enzyme • Not all proteins are enzymes, so refined to be one-gene-onepolypeptide hypothesis Crick – Central Dogma of Genetics • DNA  RNA Protein •Modified since ...
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Molecular evolution

Molecular evolution is a change in the sequence composition of cellular molecules such as DNA, RNA, and proteins across generations. The field of molecular evolution uses principles of evolutionary biology and population genetics to explain patterns in these changes. Major topics in molecular evolution concern the rates and impacts of single nucleotide changes, neutral evolution vs. natural selection, origins of new genes, the genetic nature of complex traits, the genetic basis of speciation, evolution of development, and ways that evolutionary forces influence genomic and phenotypic changes.
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