Download Anatomy and Physiology Semester Exam Review Sheet

Biology Final Exam Review Sheet
YOU CAN NOT WAIT UNTIL THE NIGHT BEFORE
TO START STUDYING!
Items that will be helpful to know:
Mitosis
 Stages of mitosis – and what the cell
does in each stage
 Cell cycle – what’s occurring at each
stage
 Binary fission
 Crossing over and independent
assortment
 Chromosomes – what are they and how
many humans have
Meiosis
 Stages of meiosis – and what the cell
does in each stage
DNA and RNA Synthesis
 structure of DNA- nucleotides, 4
nitrogenous bases
 DNA replication
 Translation and Transcription
Fundamentals of Genetics
 genetics – Gregor Mendel
 Heterozygous and homozygous
 Monohybrid and dihybrid crosses – how
to make them and get information from
them
 Phenotype and genotype
 Dominant and recessive
Evolution
 Ideas on the origin of life
 Types of fossils, Process for fossilization
 Adaptations and natural selection
 Hardy-Weinberg principle
 Sympatric and allopatric speciation
 Charles Darwin – what he is known for
and the name of the book he published
Classification
(bacteria, viruses, protists, plants,
invertebrates and vertebrates)
 taxonomy
 biological hierarchy (kingdom to
species)
 characteristics of viruses and bacteria
 bilateral vs. radial symmetry
 characteristics of insects and arthropods
 parts of a flower
 characteristics of protists
 traits of fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds
and mammals
 HINT HINT: it may be a good idea to study your old tests!
Miss Ellenberger’s Study Suggestions
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 *To better help you for this exam!* 
Correct your old test to use as study guides
Time management
- give yourself plenty of time each night (4-5 nights for 30-60 minutes each night) to study
- Do not work in front of the TV, or while talking/texting on the phone or playing on the computer
– eliminate ALL distractions!
- 100% of your attention should be devoted to studying in order to do your best
Study groups/review sessions
- peer help – if you know someone in your class is doing well, ask them to explain the material,
quiz each other, 2 brains are better than 1!