Metabolism and Nutrition
... Rise in blood glucose concentration stimulate insulin release from pancreatic beta cells. Insulin’s functions promotes entry of glucose into skeletal muscle & adipose tissue stimulates storage of glucose as glycogen in liver & muscle enhances synthesis of triglycerides in adipose tissue & liver Prom ...
... Rise in blood glucose concentration stimulate insulin release from pancreatic beta cells. Insulin’s functions promotes entry of glucose into skeletal muscle & adipose tissue stimulates storage of glucose as glycogen in liver & muscle enhances synthesis of triglycerides in adipose tissue & liver Prom ...
study guide
... Chemical Energy and ATP Energy is the ability to do work. Organisms need energy to stay alive. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a chemical compound cells use to store and release energy. An ATP molecule consists of adenine, the sugar ribose, and three phosphate groups. Cells store energy by addin ...
... Chemical Energy and ATP Energy is the ability to do work. Organisms need energy to stay alive. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a chemical compound cells use to store and release energy. An ATP molecule consists of adenine, the sugar ribose, and three phosphate groups. Cells store energy by addin ...
Principles of Biology Exam
... 4. Which of the following does NOT occur during prophase? A. nuclear membrane starts to disappear B. chromatin condenses into chromosomes C. cell plate formation occurs D. spindle fibers, made of microtubules, begin to form 5. Before beginning mitosis, new DNA is synthesized in: A. S phase B. G1 pha ...
... 4. Which of the following does NOT occur during prophase? A. nuclear membrane starts to disappear B. chromatin condenses into chromosomes C. cell plate formation occurs D. spindle fibers, made of microtubules, begin to form 5. Before beginning mitosis, new DNA is synthesized in: A. S phase B. G1 pha ...
5. Respiration Booklet TN
... (2) less/irregular amount of, oxygen (reaching cells) for, (aerobic) respiration/oxidative phosphorylation; DO NO CREDIT no oxygen/no respiration (3) less glucose (reaching cells) for respiration; IGNORE sugar DO NOT CREDIT no glucose/no respiration (4) (so) less ATP produced; DO NOT CREDIT no ATP ( ...
... (2) less/irregular amount of, oxygen (reaching cells) for, (aerobic) respiration/oxidative phosphorylation; DO NO CREDIT no oxygen/no respiration (3) less glucose (reaching cells) for respiration; IGNORE sugar DO NOT CREDIT no glucose/no respiration (4) (so) less ATP produced; DO NOT CREDIT no ATP ( ...
thermodynamics
... B, B to C, C to D, and D to F. E is the enzyme that converts A to B: (E) ABCDF In many instance F will inhibit (interfere) with the reaction that converts A to B by binding to a site on enzyme E so that it can’t bind A. This feedback inhibition helps to prevent overproduction of F—homeostasis. ...
... B, B to C, C to D, and D to F. E is the enzyme that converts A to B: (E) ABCDF In many instance F will inhibit (interfere) with the reaction that converts A to B by binding to a site on enzyme E so that it can’t bind A. This feedback inhibition helps to prevent overproduction of F—homeostasis. ...
Manipulation of yeast respiration using acetic acid to demonstrate
... glucose metabolism in the presence of acetic acid. (H2) The bread is dense because of reduced CO2 production resulting from slower growth of yeast in the presence of acetic acid. (H3) The bread is dense because of reduced CO2 production resulting from increased cell death in presence of acetic acid. ...
... glucose metabolism in the presence of acetic acid. (H2) The bread is dense because of reduced CO2 production resulting from slower growth of yeast in the presence of acetic acid. (H3) The bread is dense because of reduced CO2 production resulting from increased cell death in presence of acetic acid. ...
Study Guide (Chapter`s 7-10)
... a. is performed only by organisms that are incapable of photosynthesis. b. breaks down food molecules to release stored energy. c. occurs before plants are able to carry out photosynthesis. d. occurs only in animals. 5. cellular respiration : organic compounds :: a. light bulb : glass c. automobile ...
... a. is performed only by organisms that are incapable of photosynthesis. b. breaks down food molecules to release stored energy. c. occurs before plants are able to carry out photosynthesis. d. occurs only in animals. 5. cellular respiration : organic compounds :: a. light bulb : glass c. automobile ...
Carbohydrate metabolism
... B-oxidation ____ FADH x ____ ATP x 6 acCoA ____ NADH x ____ ATP x 6 acCoA Krebs cycle ____ NADH x ____ ATP x 6 acCoA ____ FADH x ____ ATP x 6 acCoA ____ GTP x ____ ATP x 6 acCoA ...
... B-oxidation ____ FADH x ____ ATP x 6 acCoA ____ NADH x ____ ATP x 6 acCoA Krebs cycle ____ NADH x ____ ATP x 6 acCoA ____ FADH x ____ ATP x 6 acCoA ____ GTP x ____ ATP x 6 acCoA ...
Constant Growth Rate Can Be Supported by Decreasing Energy
... continuously changing metabolic fluxes per cell (Figures 2E and 2F) during exponential growth suggest that the cells may not be at steady state even when their growth rate remains constant; this observation is so unexpected that we sought to test it further by multiple independent experimental measu ...
... continuously changing metabolic fluxes per cell (Figures 2E and 2F) during exponential growth suggest that the cells may not be at steady state even when their growth rate remains constant; this observation is so unexpected that we sought to test it further by multiple independent experimental measu ...
Chapter 11
... • Lactic acidosis can result from insufficient oxygen (an increase in lactic acid and decrease in blood pH) Prentice Hall c2002 ...
... • Lactic acidosis can result from insufficient oxygen (an increase in lactic acid and decrease in blood pH) Prentice Hall c2002 ...
GLOBAL WARMING - Agronomy Courses
... • Main source of energy for ruminants – Provide 70% of the energy in ruminants – Production of different VFAs and methane vary with diet • Dietary factors that increase acetate production increase CH4 production • Dietary factors that increase propionate production decrease CH4 production ...
... • Main source of energy for ruminants – Provide 70% of the energy in ruminants – Production of different VFAs and methane vary with diet • Dietary factors that increase acetate production increase CH4 production • Dietary factors that increase propionate production decrease CH4 production ...
video slide - Course
... – Can produce ATP with or without oxygen, in aerobic or anaerobic conditions – Couples with fermentation to produce ATP ...
... – Can produce ATP with or without oxygen, in aerobic or anaerobic conditions – Couples with fermentation to produce ATP ...
Chapter 9 Notes
... – Can produce ATP with or without oxygen, in aerobic or anaerobic conditions – Couples with fermentation to produce ATP ...
... – Can produce ATP with or without oxygen, in aerobic or anaerobic conditions – Couples with fermentation to produce ATP ...
Citrate synthase
... marker for the presence of intact mitochondria. Citrate synthase catalyses the condensation reaction of acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate producing citrate. Oxaloacetate will be regenerated after the completion of one round of the Krebs Cycle. Oxaloacetate is the first substrate to bind to the enzyme. Thi ...
... marker for the presence of intact mitochondria. Citrate synthase catalyses the condensation reaction of acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate producing citrate. Oxaloacetate will be regenerated after the completion of one round of the Krebs Cycle. Oxaloacetate is the first substrate to bind to the enzyme. Thi ...
Organic Chemistry Powerpoint for Bio. I
... Chemical reactions will not happen in living things without enzymes because we can’t produce enough energy available to get them to happen! Enzymes lower the activation energy of a chemical reaction so that it can happen at body temperature. This makes enzymes catalysts because they speed up chemica ...
... Chemical reactions will not happen in living things without enzymes because we can’t produce enough energy available to get them to happen! Enzymes lower the activation energy of a chemical reaction so that it can happen at body temperature. This makes enzymes catalysts because they speed up chemica ...
A macrokinetic and regulator model for myeloma cell culture based
... However, it is found that the real glucose uptake rate is much lower than rglc,M at the beginning of cultivation, even though the glucose concentration is the highest. Such discrepancy exists for most Monod type models because the Monod model does not take the induction of the enzyme pool involved i ...
... However, it is found that the real glucose uptake rate is much lower than rglc,M at the beginning of cultivation, even though the glucose concentration is the highest. Such discrepancy exists for most Monod type models because the Monod model does not take the induction of the enzyme pool involved i ...
lactic acid
... Biochemistry of the Fermentation Process The bacteriocins produced by LAB are antimicrobial peptides ...
... Biochemistry of the Fermentation Process The bacteriocins produced by LAB are antimicrobial peptides ...
Input - CBSD.org
... Review Question 2 • How does a noncompetitive inhibitor affect enzyme activity? – Noncompetitive inhibitors bind to a location other than the active site. Their binding changes the shape of the enzyme making normal substrate ...
... Review Question 2 • How does a noncompetitive inhibitor affect enzyme activity? – Noncompetitive inhibitors bind to a location other than the active site. Their binding changes the shape of the enzyme making normal substrate ...
CHAPTER 7
... 3. List two ways to decrease the rate of lactic acid production during high-intensity exercise. Answer: Decrease the intensity of the activity. Increase the body’s ability to handle lactic acid. 4. What is the most important energy system in the body? Why? Answer: The oxygen or long-term energy syst ...
... 3. List two ways to decrease the rate of lactic acid production during high-intensity exercise. Answer: Decrease the intensity of the activity. Increase the body’s ability to handle lactic acid. 4. What is the most important energy system in the body? Why? Answer: The oxygen or long-term energy syst ...
Photosynthesis Powerpoint review
... When it is hot & dry the plant closes its stomata to conserve water; when CO2 levels get low the plant switches to photorespiration ...
... When it is hot & dry the plant closes its stomata to conserve water; when CO2 levels get low the plant switches to photorespiration ...
2.1 Chemistry’s Building Block: The Atom
... molecules are oxidized, and the downhill fall of the energetic electrons they lose ultimately powers the uphill process by which ATP is produced. ...
... molecules are oxidized, and the downhill fall of the energetic electrons they lose ultimately powers the uphill process by which ATP is produced. ...
Glycolysis
Glycolysis (from glycose, an older term for glucose + -lysis degradation) is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose C6H12O6, into pyruvate, CH3COCOO− + H+. The free energy released in this process is used to form the high-energy compounds ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide).Glycolysis is a determined sequence of ten enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The intermediates provide entry points to glycolysis. For example, most monosaccharides, such as fructose and galactose, can be converted to one of these intermediates. The intermediates may also be directly useful. For example, the intermediate dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) is a source of the glycerol that combines with fatty acids to form fat.Glycolysis is an oxygen independent metabolic pathway, meaning that it does not use molecular oxygen (i.e. atmospheric oxygen) for any of its reactions. However the products of glycolysis (pyruvate and NADH + H+) are sometimes disposed of using atmospheric oxygen. When molecular oxygen is used in the disposal of the products of glycolysis the process is usually referred to as aerobic, whereas if the disposal uses no oxygen the process is said to be anaerobic. Thus, glycolysis occurs, with variations, in nearly all organisms, both aerobic and anaerobic. The wide occurrence of glycolysis indicates that it is one of the most ancient metabolic pathways. Indeed, the reactions that constitute glycolysis and its parallel pathway, the pentose phosphate pathway, occur metal-catalyzed under the oxygen-free conditions of the Archean oceans, also in the absence of enzymes. Glycolysis could thus have originated from chemical constraints of the prebiotic world.Glycolysis occurs in most organisms in the cytosol of the cell. The most common type of glycolysis is the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas (EMP pathway), which was discovered by Gustav Embden, Otto Meyerhof, and Jakub Karol Parnas. Glycolysis also refers to other pathways, such as the Entner–Doudoroff pathway and various heterofermentative and homofermentative pathways. However, the discussion here will be limited to the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas pathway.The entire glycolysis pathway can be separated into two phases: The Preparatory Phase – in which ATP is consumed and is hence also known as the investment phase The Pay Off Phase – in which ATP is produced.↑ ↑ 2.0 2.1 ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑