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... Additional file 6: Figure S2. Enrichment of functional categories among DE genes in response to antibiotic treatment, hypoxia or growth in an artificial CF sputum. M. abscessus genes were classified according to the Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COG) annotation scheme. Bar plots show the proportio ...
                        	... Additional file 6: Figure S2. Enrichment of functional categories among DE genes in response to antibiotic treatment, hypoxia or growth in an artificial CF sputum. M. abscessus genes were classified according to the Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COG) annotation scheme. Bar plots show the proportio ...
									Lecture 1 Introduction to Micorarrays and Concepts of Molecular
									
... gel electrophoresis. Two sets of primers were used to amplify a target sequence from three different tissue samples. No amplification is present in sample #1; DNA bands in sample #2 and #3 indicate successful amplification of the target sequence. The gel also shows a positive control, and a DNA ladd ...
                        	... gel electrophoresis. Two sets of primers were used to amplify a target sequence from three different tissue samples. No amplification is present in sample #1; DNA bands in sample #2 and #3 indicate successful amplification of the target sequence. The gel also shows a positive control, and a DNA ladd ...
									Nucleic Acids 2135KB Oct 07 2015 03:14:13 PM
									
... An RNA molecule is single polynucleotide chain while DNA molecules have two polynucleotide strands that spiral around an imaginary axis to form a double helix The pentose joined to the nitrogen base is ribose in nucleotides of RNA and deoxyribose in DNA Nitrogen bases - thymine is replaced by uracil ...
                        	... An RNA molecule is single polynucleotide chain while DNA molecules have two polynucleotide strands that spiral around an imaginary axis to form a double helix The pentose joined to the nitrogen base is ribose in nucleotides of RNA and deoxyribose in DNA Nitrogen bases - thymine is replaced by uracil ...
									DNA - Paxon Biology
									
... - The synthesis of a polypeptide, which occurs under the direction of mRNA. - The mRNA made in transcription leaves the nucleus and then travels into the cytoplasm to be translated. - Translation occurs on the ribosomes. - Ribosomes are made of rRNA - Ribosomes facilitate the orderly linking of amin ...
                        	... - The synthesis of a polypeptide, which occurs under the direction of mRNA. - The mRNA made in transcription leaves the nucleus and then travels into the cytoplasm to be translated. - Translation occurs on the ribosomes. - Ribosomes are made of rRNA - Ribosomes facilitate the orderly linking of amin ...
									Finding Genes in Eukaryotes
									
... of DNA to a complete genome is to establish where the various functional elements such as genes, promoters, terminators etc., lie in the sequence. This module concentrates on the identification of regions of DNA that potentially encode proteins. Such a regions is called an Open Reading Frame (ORF), ...
                        	... of DNA to a complete genome is to establish where the various functional elements such as genes, promoters, terminators etc., lie in the sequence. This module concentrates on the identification of regions of DNA that potentially encode proteins. Such a regions is called an Open Reading Frame (ORF), ...
									Recombinant human ADRB2 + GsalphaL fusion protein
									
... catecholamine epinephrine and couples to the G protein Gs to mediate adenylate cyclase activation. ADRB2 binds epinephrine with an approximately 30-fold greater affinity than it does norepinephrine. Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various ...
                        	... catecholamine epinephrine and couples to the G protein Gs to mediate adenylate cyclase activation. ADRB2 binds epinephrine with an approximately 30-fold greater affinity than it does norepinephrine. Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various ...
									Gene Section ADAMTS1 (ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 1)
									
... substrates of ADAMTS1 are principally proteoglycans such as aggrecan and versican (Kuno et al., 2000; Rodriguez-Manzaneque et al., 2002). ADAMTS1 is able to cleave ligands of the EGF (Epidermal Growth Factor) receptor such as proHBEGF (Heparin-binding EGF-like Growth Factor) or pro-amphiregulin (Liu ...
                        	... substrates of ADAMTS1 are principally proteoglycans such as aggrecan and versican (Kuno et al., 2000; Rodriguez-Manzaneque et al., 2002). ADAMTS1 is able to cleave ligands of the EGF (Epidermal Growth Factor) receptor such as proHBEGF (Heparin-binding EGF-like Growth Factor) or pro-amphiregulin (Liu ...
									Gene Section AFF3 (lymphoid nuclear protein related to AF4)
									
... Coding sequence of LAF4 compared to AF4 and site of fusion. Schematic representation of MLL, LAF4, AF4, and the putative MLL-LAF4 fusion protein. Domains in MLL are shaded: MT, DNA methyltransferase homology region; TRX, Drosophila trithorax homology. The percentage of amino acid homology between co ...
                        	... Coding sequence of LAF4 compared to AF4 and site of fusion. Schematic representation of MLL, LAF4, AF4, and the putative MLL-LAF4 fusion protein. Domains in MLL are shaded: MT, DNA methyltransferase homology region; TRX, Drosophila trithorax homology. The percentage of amino acid homology between co ...
									Origin of Life Homework Questions Solutions - kyoussef-mci
									
... organic molecules called monomers (e.g. amino acids, nucleotides, fatty acids and simple sugars), which in time combined to form organic polymers (e.g. proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and carbohydrates). Then, these organic polymers were packaged into droplets called ...
                        	... organic molecules called monomers (e.g. amino acids, nucleotides, fatty acids and simple sugars), which in time combined to form organic polymers (e.g. proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and carbohydrates). Then, these organic polymers were packaged into droplets called ...
									Final
									
... Could a synthetic Mycoplasma genome be “sparked” to life using an E. coli donor cytoplasm? Why or why not? According to Venter, how might this have been an advantage in his research? ...
                        	... Could a synthetic Mycoplasma genome be “sparked” to life using an E. coli donor cytoplasm? Why or why not? According to Venter, how might this have been an advantage in his research? ...
									Part Two – Lecture I
									
...  Denaturation can be reversed – by slowly cooling the DNA  Single strands of DNA can randomly find their complementary strands and reassociate  The hydrogen bonds will form slowly and then more and more duplexes or double helixes will form ...
                        	...  Denaturation can be reversed – by slowly cooling the DNA  Single strands of DNA can randomly find their complementary strands and reassociate  The hydrogen bonds will form slowly and then more and more duplexes or double helixes will form ...
									INTRODUCTION
									
... The Information Within the DNA Is Accessed During the Process of Gene Expression • Gene expression occurs in two steps – Transcription • The genetic information in DNA is copied into a nucleotide sequence of ribonucleic acid (RNA) ...
                        	... The Information Within the DNA Is Accessed During the Process of Gene Expression • Gene expression occurs in two steps – Transcription • The genetic information in DNA is copied into a nucleotide sequence of ribonucleic acid (RNA) ...
									Supporting Information Tsai et al. 10.1073/pnas.1414567111
									
... purified with the RNeasy Plant Mini Kit (Qiagen) including the oncolumn DNase digestion and then subjected to reverse transcription by using SuperScript III reverse transcriptase (Life Technologies). qPCR was performed on an ABI Prism 7000 (Applied Biosystems) using SYBR Green PCR Master Mix (Life T ...
                        	... purified with the RNeasy Plant Mini Kit (Qiagen) including the oncolumn DNase digestion and then subjected to reverse transcription by using SuperScript III reverse transcriptase (Life Technologies). qPCR was performed on an ABI Prism 7000 (Applied Biosystems) using SYBR Green PCR Master Mix (Life T ...
									DNA - EPFL
									
... • A deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA molecule is a double-stranded linear polymer composed of four molecular subunits called nucleotides • Each nucleotide comprises a phosphate group, a deoxyribose sugar, and one of four nitrogen bases: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), or thymine (T) • The two st ...
                        	... • A deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA molecule is a double-stranded linear polymer composed of four molecular subunits called nucleotides • Each nucleotide comprises a phosphate group, a deoxyribose sugar, and one of four nitrogen bases: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), or thymine (T) • The two st ...
									L3 - DNA Translation (Protein Synthesis
									
... 2.Insertion of the genes into a transfer vector. 3.Replication of cellular genome for production of modified gene. 4.Separation of the genetically modified organism or protein of interest. ...
                        	... 2.Insertion of the genes into a transfer vector. 3.Replication of cellular genome for production of modified gene. 4.Separation of the genetically modified organism or protein of interest. ...
									Organ-Systems-Based Integration of Biochemistry
									
... Red blood cells: structure and function, glycolysis (2,3-BPG), pentose phosphate pathway, glutathione Structure and function of the spleen Pathogenesis and natural history of sickle cell disease Introduction to child development: Denver development chart, normal milestones Introduction to immunology ...
                        	... Red blood cells: structure and function, glycolysis (2,3-BPG), pentose phosphate pathway, glutathione Structure and function of the spleen Pathogenesis and natural history of sickle cell disease Introduction to child development: Denver development chart, normal milestones Introduction to immunology ...
									Unit 4 (ch 10)
									
... a releasing factor binds to the stop codon instead of another tRNA molecule Releasing factor catalyzes release of peptide from ribosome Translation assembly falls apart and can be used again ...
                        	... a releasing factor binds to the stop codon instead of another tRNA molecule Releasing factor catalyzes release of peptide from ribosome Translation assembly falls apart and can be used again ...
									Snímek 1
									
... sequester RNA binding proteins and lead to a loss of their normal function. For example, in myotonic dystrophy, CUG(G) expanded RNA transcripts sequester MBNL proteins from their normal splicing targets leading to a MBNL loss-of-function and alternative splicing dysregulation. The recent discovery o ...
                        	... sequester RNA binding proteins and lead to a loss of their normal function. For example, in myotonic dystrophy, CUG(G) expanded RNA transcripts sequester MBNL proteins from their normal splicing targets leading to a MBNL loss-of-function and alternative splicing dysregulation. The recent discovery o ...
									Chapter 5 - SchoolRack
									
... Amino acids are the monomers of proteins  Organic molecules possessing both carboxyl and amino groups  20 types of AAs that make up 1000s of different proteins  AAs are linked together by peptide bonds ...
                        	... Amino acids are the monomers of proteins  Organic molecules possessing both carboxyl and amino groups  20 types of AAs that make up 1000s of different proteins  AAs are linked together by peptide bonds ...
									Slide 1 - Genomecluster at Oakland University
									
... that was established in 1986. Currently, maintained collaboratively at – The Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB) – The European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI) ...
                        	... that was established in 1986. Currently, maintained collaboratively at – The Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB) – The European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI) ...
Gene expression
Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product. These products are often proteins, but in non-protein coding genes such as transfer RNA (tRNA) or small nuclear RNA (snRNA) genes, the product is a functional RNA.The process of gene expression is used by all known life - eukaryotes (including multicellular organisms), prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea), and utilized by viruses - to generate the macromolecular machinery for life.Several steps in the gene expression process may be modulated, including the transcription, RNA splicing, translation, and post-translational modification of a protein. Gene regulation gives the cell control over structure and function, and is the basis for cellular differentiation, morphogenesis and the versatility and adaptability of any organism. Gene regulation may also serve as a substrate for evolutionary change, since control of the timing, location, and amount of gene expression can have a profound effect on the functions (actions) of the gene in a cell or in a multicellular organism.In genetics, gene expression is the most fundamental level at which the genotype gives rise to the phenotype, i.e. observable trait. The genetic code stored in DNA is ""interpreted"" by gene expression, and the properties of the expression give rise to the organism's phenotype. Such phenotypes are often expressed by the synthesis of proteins that control the organism's shape, or that act as enzymes catalysing specific metabolic pathways characterising the organism.
 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									