Glossary - Crop Genebank Knowledge Base
... Nitrogen bases: Molecules that are important components of nucleic acids, composed of nitrogen-containing ring structures. Hydrogen bonds between bases link the two strands of the DNA double helix. Nuclease: An enzyme that cleaves phosphodiester bonds, which link adjacent nucleotides in DNA and/or ...
... Nitrogen bases: Molecules that are important components of nucleic acids, composed of nitrogen-containing ring structures. Hydrogen bonds between bases link the two strands of the DNA double helix. Nuclease: An enzyme that cleaves phosphodiester bonds, which link adjacent nucleotides in DNA and/or ...
Function of lanI in regulation of landomycin A biosynthesis in
... the respective antibiotic biosynthesis genes. Members of this big group of proteins resembles the OmpR transcriptional regulator of Escherichia coli phosphate regulon particularly in the region of DNA-binding domain formed by “winged” helix-turn-helix structure (Martinez-Hackert and Stock 1997; Harr ...
... the respective antibiotic biosynthesis genes. Members of this big group of proteins resembles the OmpR transcriptional regulator of Escherichia coli phosphate regulon particularly in the region of DNA-binding domain formed by “winged” helix-turn-helix structure (Martinez-Hackert and Stock 1997; Harr ...
Chromatin: a multi-scale jigsaw puzzle
... to bend sharply, as required by the nucleosome structure. However, it is not known whether these sequence preferences have a significant influence on nucleosome position in vivo, and thus regulate the access of other proteins to DNA. Here we isolated nucleosome-bound sequences at high resolution fro ...
... to bend sharply, as required by the nucleosome structure. However, it is not known whether these sequence preferences have a significant influence on nucleosome position in vivo, and thus regulate the access of other proteins to DNA. Here we isolated nucleosome-bound sequences at high resolution fro ...
BIOLOGY
... group (phosphorylation) or a sulfate group (sulfation). Many proteins are modified by proteases that remove short peptides from either end of the protein. The shortened polypeptides then fold into an active protein. One of the most common of these cleavages is the removal of specific signal peptides ...
... group (phosphorylation) or a sulfate group (sulfation). Many proteins are modified by proteases that remove short peptides from either end of the protein. The shortened polypeptides then fold into an active protein. One of the most common of these cleavages is the removal of specific signal peptides ...
Genetically Modified Food: A Review on Mechanism of
... The Agrobacterium naturally infects the plants by causing various diseases, so by replacing that gene with desirable ones results into the new genetic makeup with advantageous traits. The bright orange color of carrots comes from beta-carotene, which works as the precursor for the synthesis of vitam ...
... The Agrobacterium naturally infects the plants by causing various diseases, so by replacing that gene with desirable ones results into the new genetic makeup with advantageous traits. The bright orange color of carrots comes from beta-carotene, which works as the precursor for the synthesis of vitam ...
Hydrolysed feather protein 1212F
... Report on the digestibility of hydrolysed feather protein. The trial was ordered and paid by Sonac BV, P.O. Box 47, 5690 AA Son, The Netherlands. The purpose of the trial was to measure the apparent mink digestibility of crude protein (CP) and amino acids in hydrolysed feather protein. Material and ...
... Report on the digestibility of hydrolysed feather protein. The trial was ordered and paid by Sonac BV, P.O. Box 47, 5690 AA Son, The Netherlands. The purpose of the trial was to measure the apparent mink digestibility of crude protein (CP) and amino acids in hydrolysed feather protein. Material and ...
26493 Purify Nucleic Acids
... before they can report credits from assessment against unit standards or deliver courses of study leading to that assessment. Industry Training Organisations must be granted consent to assess against standards by NZQA before they can register credits from assessment against unit standards. Providers ...
... before they can report credits from assessment against unit standards or deliver courses of study leading to that assessment. Industry Training Organisations must be granted consent to assess against standards by NZQA before they can register credits from assessment against unit standards. Providers ...
Tutorial: Sequence-Based Analysis
... Positive Score: Conservative Substitution (e.g., Lys/Arg, +3) High Score for Identical Matches: Rare Amino Acids (e.g., Trp, Cys) ...
... Positive Score: Conservative Substitution (e.g., Lys/Arg, +3) High Score for Identical Matches: Rare Amino Acids (e.g., Trp, Cys) ...
Clostridium difficile toxin synthesis is negatively regulated by TcdC
... studying the behaviour of fusions of the tcdA gene promoter to the reporter gene gusA, which encodes E. coli b-glucuronidase (Matamouros et al., 2007). Expression of TcdR in trans activated expression from the tcdA promoter. However, when TcdC was co-expressed with TcdR, activity was strongly reduce ...
... studying the behaviour of fusions of the tcdA gene promoter to the reporter gene gusA, which encodes E. coli b-glucuronidase (Matamouros et al., 2007). Expression of TcdR in trans activated expression from the tcdA promoter. However, when TcdC was co-expressed with TcdR, activity was strongly reduce ...
Questions
... B. Would you expect the pKa of the two residues’ side chains in isolation to change as a result of their proximity? Explain why and calculate the extent of the change (in pKa units). C. Is the pKa change calculated in B large enough to alter the residues' charging state? If not, suggest a way to acc ...
... B. Would you expect the pKa of the two residues’ side chains in isolation to change as a result of their proximity? Explain why and calculate the extent of the change (in pKa units). C. Is the pKa change calculated in B large enough to alter the residues' charging state? If not, suggest a way to acc ...
vectors
... The filamentous virion [reviewed by (Webster, 2001)] consists of a stretched-out loop of singlestranded DNA (ssDNA) sheathed in a tube composed of several thousand copies of the major coat protein pVIII (product of gene VIII); this protein bears the foreign amino acids in some phage display vectors. ...
... The filamentous virion [reviewed by (Webster, 2001)] consists of a stretched-out loop of singlestranded DNA (ssDNA) sheathed in a tube composed of several thousand copies of the major coat protein pVIII (product of gene VIII); this protein bears the foreign amino acids in some phage display vectors. ...
Proteomic Analysis of Methylarginine
... structure and function of proteins is an exciting field in proteomic analyses. Protein arginine methylation has become one of the most intensively studied PTM involved in various cellular functions such as signal transduction, protein subcellular localization, transcriptional regulation, protein–pro ...
... structure and function of proteins is an exciting field in proteomic analyses. Protein arginine methylation has become one of the most intensively studied PTM involved in various cellular functions such as signal transduction, protein subcellular localization, transcriptional regulation, protein–pro ...
Predicting functional linkages from gene fusions with
... cellular systems, and this functional hierarchy seems intrinsically well-suited for serving as a functional benchmark. The database categorises 1283 E. coli proteins into 24 main pathways, including metabolic pathways (such as carbohydrate and energy metabolism), and general cellular systems (such a ...
... cellular systems, and this functional hierarchy seems intrinsically well-suited for serving as a functional benchmark. The database categorises 1283 E. coli proteins into 24 main pathways, including metabolic pathways (such as carbohydrate and energy metabolism), and general cellular systems (such a ...
Parallel Analysis of Gene Expression: Microarrays
... that is likely to be representative of genes expressed under different conditions. It is possible to generate a cDNA microarray simply from randomly picked, unsequenced, clones. This leads to overrepresentation of a small subset of highly expressed genes on the microarray; however, molecular subtra ...
... that is likely to be representative of genes expressed under different conditions. It is possible to generate a cDNA microarray simply from randomly picked, unsequenced, clones. This leads to overrepresentation of a small subset of highly expressed genes on the microarray; however, molecular subtra ...
XIST
... long-range silencer to repress or block the transcription of the Xist gene. (B) Transcription of Xist may be prohibited by the processivity of RNA polymerase in the antisense orientation. As RNA polymerase proceeds along the Tsix DNA, the ‘melting’ of the complementary DNA strands and the presence o ...
... long-range silencer to repress or block the transcription of the Xist gene. (B) Transcription of Xist may be prohibited by the processivity of RNA polymerase in the antisense orientation. As RNA polymerase proceeds along the Tsix DNA, the ‘melting’ of the complementary DNA strands and the presence o ...
Letter Detecting Sequence Homology at the
... Background and Rationale Many biological systems and pathways, not only from bacteria, archaea, and fungi, but also from plants (Field and Osbourn 2008) and animals (Garcia-Fernandez 2005) are encoded by genes that are physically clustered together on the chromosome in operons or gene clusters (Fisc ...
... Background and Rationale Many biological systems and pathways, not only from bacteria, archaea, and fungi, but also from plants (Field and Osbourn 2008) and animals (Garcia-Fernandez 2005) are encoded by genes that are physically clustered together on the chromosome in operons or gene clusters (Fisc ...
Nutrition Wars: Choosing Better Protein
... not make your immune system more powerful or increase muscle mass. The risks of very high protein intake (more than two times the RDA) are: 9 High protein intakes are associated with increasing the risk of kidney stones and raising blood uric acid levels which causes gout. 9 High protein intakes cau ...
... not make your immune system more powerful or increase muscle mass. The risks of very high protein intake (more than two times the RDA) are: 9 High protein intakes are associated with increasing the risk of kidney stones and raising blood uric acid levels which causes gout. 9 High protein intakes cau ...
Small GTPases
... exchange for GTP leads to interaction with an effector; GTP is hydrolyzed → inactivation ...
... exchange for GTP leads to interaction with an effector; GTP is hydrolyzed → inactivation ...
Optimization of Electroporation Conditions for Jurkat Cells - Bio-Rad
... Electroporation is a commonly used method for delivery of molecules such as plasmid DNA and siRNA. However, optimization of electroporation conditions prove to be challenging and time consuming. With the introduction of the Gene Pulser MXcell electroporation system, optimal electroporation condition ...
... Electroporation is a commonly used method for delivery of molecules such as plasmid DNA and siRNA. However, optimization of electroporation conditions prove to be challenging and time consuming. With the introduction of the Gene Pulser MXcell electroporation system, optimal electroporation condition ...
Tertiary structure
... globular protein, the amino acids with nonpolar side chains push as far away from the aqueous environment as possible, which forms a hydrophobic center at the interior of the protein molecule. 2. Hydrophilic interactions are attractions between the external aqueous environment and amino acids that h ...
... globular protein, the amino acids with nonpolar side chains push as far away from the aqueous environment as possible, which forms a hydrophobic center at the interior of the protein molecule. 2. Hydrophilic interactions are attractions between the external aqueous environment and amino acids that h ...
Rare variant discovery using family based studies / John Blangero
... require deep comprehensive sequencing of these regions to find func
... require deep comprehensive sequencing of these regions to find func
TruSeq™ Sample Preparation Best Practices and Troubleshooting
... ` Small differences in volumes (±0.5 μl) can sometimes give rise to very large differences in cluster numbers (~100,000). ` Small volume pipetting can be a source of potential error in protocols that require generation of standard curves, such as PicoGreen assays or qPCR, or those that require sm ...
... ` Small differences in volumes (±0.5 μl) can sometimes give rise to very large differences in cluster numbers (~100,000). ` Small volume pipetting can be a source of potential error in protocols that require generation of standard curves, such as PicoGreen assays or qPCR, or those that require sm ...
Intragenic Suppression of a Capsid Assembly-Defective
... 9-hmH3034 was generated by crossing the hmH3034 mutation from pJS28 hmH3034onto P22. The hmH3034 mutation at codon 100 and suppressors of this mutation at codon 13 were separated from each other by plasmid heteroduplex crosses (SHORTLE 1983). In these crosses, heteroduplexes are formed in vitro betw ...
... 9-hmH3034 was generated by crossing the hmH3034 mutation from pJS28 hmH3034onto P22. The hmH3034 mutation at codon 100 and suppressors of this mutation at codon 13 were separated from each other by plasmid heteroduplex crosses (SHORTLE 1983). In these crosses, heteroduplexes are formed in vitro betw ...
Deciphering the Genetic Code commemorative booklet
... Nirenberg and Matthaei selected E. coli bacteria cells as their source of cytoplasm. They added the E. coli extract to 20 test tubes, each containing a mixture of all 20 amino acids. In each test tube one amino acid was radioactively tagged, a different one in each test tube. The reaction could be f ...
... Nirenberg and Matthaei selected E. coli bacteria cells as their source of cytoplasm. They added the E. coli extract to 20 test tubes, each containing a mixture of all 20 amino acids. In each test tube one amino acid was radioactively tagged, a different one in each test tube. The reaction could be f ...
LOF1 and Interacting Transcription Factors in Plant Development
... Researchers National Conference in Washington, D.C., the 2016 University of California-Riverside Center for Plant Cell Biology Research Experience for Undergraduates Symposium, and at the Undergraduate Research on the Cycle (UROC) during Gettysburg College's Year of Food (2016-2017). ...
... Researchers National Conference in Washington, D.C., the 2016 University of California-Riverside Center for Plant Cell Biology Research Experience for Undergraduates Symposium, and at the Undergraduate Research on the Cycle (UROC) during Gettysburg College's Year of Food (2016-2017). ...
Gene expression
Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product. These products are often proteins, but in non-protein coding genes such as transfer RNA (tRNA) or small nuclear RNA (snRNA) genes, the product is a functional RNA.The process of gene expression is used by all known life - eukaryotes (including multicellular organisms), prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea), and utilized by viruses - to generate the macromolecular machinery for life.Several steps in the gene expression process may be modulated, including the transcription, RNA splicing, translation, and post-translational modification of a protein. Gene regulation gives the cell control over structure and function, and is the basis for cellular differentiation, morphogenesis and the versatility and adaptability of any organism. Gene regulation may also serve as a substrate for evolutionary change, since control of the timing, location, and amount of gene expression can have a profound effect on the functions (actions) of the gene in a cell or in a multicellular organism.In genetics, gene expression is the most fundamental level at which the genotype gives rise to the phenotype, i.e. observable trait. The genetic code stored in DNA is ""interpreted"" by gene expression, and the properties of the expression give rise to the organism's phenotype. Such phenotypes are often expressed by the synthesis of proteins that control the organism's shape, or that act as enzymes catalysing specific metabolic pathways characterising the organism.