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notes - Humble ISD
notes - Humble ISD

... Evolution does not occur in an individual; instead it refers to _______________________ that occur in a population over time. There must be mechanisms available for _____________________ changes to occur: A. Mutation – A mutation is a _____________________. Although mutations are most often ________ ...
Evolution Vocabulary
Evolution Vocabulary

... A special case of polymorphism based on the distinction between the secondary sex characteristics of males and females. An evolutionary novelty unique to a particular clade. A homology common to a taxon more inclusive than the one being defined. Natural selection that favors intermediate variants by ...
Evolution Test Review 2017
Evolution Test Review 2017

... What is the key “thing” to look for in order to decide if two organisms are the same species? Where did Darwin travel and study animals? What did Hutton and Lyell, Lamarck, and Malthus propose that influenced Darwin’s thinking? What idea did Wallace conceive? Why do we not study him as much as we do ...
Evolution Test Review 2017
Evolution Test Review 2017

... What is the key “thing” to look for in order to decide if two organisms are the same species? Where did Darwin travel and study animals? What did Hutton and Lyell, Lamarck, and Malthus propose that influenced Darwin’s thinking? What idea did Wallace conceive? Why do we not study him as much as we do ...
The History of Life On Earth
The History of Life On Earth

... selection is the process that breeders use to produce animals with desirable traits.  A breeder will select individuals with desired traits from a group, then allow only those individuals to mate.  In the next generation, the breeder will again select the individuals with desired traits and mate t ...
CHAPTER 15-17: EVOLUTION: EVIDENCE OF CHANGE
CHAPTER 15-17: EVOLUTION: EVIDENCE OF CHANGE

... - example of evolutionary change is the colour of the peppered moth. In industrial areas of England, the _________________ of the dark colour allele is increased. Sources of Genetic variation 1. Mutations – change in DNA 2. Gene shuffling – from sexual reproduction and production of gametes ________ ...
File
File

... 15.What evidence would suggest that all vertebrates have a common ancestor? 16.What examples of natural selection can we see at work today in the bacteria that cause TB (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)? 17.According to Darwin, the _____________________ determines what traits are advantageous, and theref ...
CH 15 exam study guide
CH 15 exam study guide

... 8. Explain the main idea of natural selection. 9. Explain the modern synthesis of evolutionary history? 10. Explain uniformitarianism (Charles Lyell). 11. How do homologous structures provide evidence that organisms share a common ancestor? 12. How have humans used artificial selection? 13. Identify ...
Lesson 19 - FineTunedUniverse.com
Lesson 19 - FineTunedUniverse.com

... First, he assumed that infinite changes in species had occurred even though only limited changes had ever been observed. For example, artificial selection of sugar beets for sugar content quickly reached a plateau and has remained stable ever since. For a breeder to establish a desirable new trait, ...
Document
Document

... 20. The last test in Biology class was extremely hard. A graph of the scores shows a bell shaped curve with the average score being a 68% D. The teacher curves the test scores so that the new class average is a 77% C. The graph that shows this change would look similar to a graph showing which kind ...
Chapter 22 Descent with Modification (Natural Selection)
Chapter 22 Descent with Modification (Natural Selection)

... 10. Explain what Darwin meant by the principle of common descent and descent with modification 11. Explain what evidence convinced Darwin that species change over time 12. State 3 inferences Darwin gmade from his observations which led him to propose natural selection as a mechanism for evolutionary ...
Chapter 05_lecture
Chapter 05_lecture

... Speciation and extinction determine biodiversity Allopatric speciation- when new species are created by geographic or reproductive isolation. Sympatric speciation- the evolution of one species into two species in the absence of geographic isolation, usually through the process of polyploidy, an incr ...
Species
Species

... Finches that ate insects have strong, wide beaks. T Adaptation is a trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce. Evolution ...
Evolution - Ardsley Schools
Evolution - Ardsley Schools

... 7. Species C evolves into species D. 8. Species D migrates to the first and second island. 9. Species D evolves to species E. ...
Darwin`s theory of Evolution Powerpoint
Darwin`s theory of Evolution Powerpoint

... ancestor that lived in the distant past. • As the descendants spilled into various habitats over time, they accumulated diverse modifications (adaptations) that fit them to specific ways of life. • The history of life is like a tree. • The Linnean classification scheme reflected the branching geneal ...
on Evidence for Biological Change
on Evidence for Biological Change

... Artificial Selection: Breeds of Dogs ...
Evolution and Darwin
Evolution and Darwin

... -a small number of individuals are separated and take over a new area (eg. An island) Ex) Darwin’s finches Different islands have finches with different beak types could have resulted from BOTH Genetic Drift AND Natural Selection ...
File
File

... in different organisms. Ex: Human hand and bat wing Vestigial Structures- Remnants of organs or structures that has a use in early ancestors. Ex. Appendix of human, wings of an ostrich ...
Evolution - juan
Evolution - juan

...  Derive from same structure in common ancestor ...
Natural Selection & Evolution
Natural Selection & Evolution

... originate through a gradual change of adaptations Punctuated Equilibrium – idea that species originate in rapid bursts followed by long period of genetic equilibrium ...
16.3 Speciation
16.3 Speciation

... • Changes that lead to the formation of new species • SpeciesA group of organisms that breed with one another and produce fertile offspring (progeny)… which means they share a common gene pool ...
E - Reslife.net
E - Reslife.net

... experimentation, and reasoning, especially one that has been tested and confirmed as a general principle helping to explain and predict natural phenomena. • This scientific definition of a theory is confused with an alternate definition in which a theory is an untested idea or opinion (a hypothesis) ...
Document
Document

... The study of the distribution of biodiversity over space and time. It aims to reveal where organisms live, and at what abundance. ...
Theory of Evolution Chapter 15
Theory of Evolution Chapter 15

... 56. Structural features with a ___________ evolutionary origin are called homologous structures. 57. Homologous structures can be similar in arrangement, in function, or in _________. 58. The body parts of organisms that do not have a common evolutionary origin but are similar in ______________ are ...
Slide 1 - Images
Slide 1 - Images

... Identify the conclusions drawn by Hutton & Lyell about Earth’s history Describe Lamarck’s hypothesis of evolution Describe Malthus’s view of population growth. Explain the role of inherited variation in artificial selection. ...
< 1 ... 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 ... 174 >

Punctuated equilibrium



Punctuated equilibrium (also called punctuated equilibria) is a theory in evolutionary biology which proposes that once species appear in the fossil record they will become stable, showing little net evolutionary change for most of their geological history. This state is called stasis. When significant evolutionary change occurs, the theory proposes that it is generally restricted to rare and geologically rapid events of branching speciation called cladogenesis. Cladogenesis is the process by which a species splits into two distinct species, rather than one species gradually transforming into another. Punctuated equilibrium is commonly contrasted against phyletic gradualism, the belief that evolution generally occurs uniformly and by the steady and gradual transformation of whole lineages (called anagenesis). In this view, evolution is seen as generally smooth and continuous.In 1972, paleontologists Niles Eldredge and Stephen Jay Gould published a landmark paper developing their theory and called it punctuated equilibria. Their paper built upon Ernst Mayr's model of geographic speciation, I. Michael Lerner's theories of developmental and genetic homeostasis, as well as their own empirical research. Eldredge and Gould proposed that the degree of gradualism commonly attributed to Charles Darwin is virtually nonexistent in the fossil record, and that stasis dominates the history of most fossil species.
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