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Unit 6
Unit 6

... 1) He argues from evidence that species were not specially created in their present forms but had evolved from ancestral species. 2) He proposed a mechanism for evolution, natural selection. 2. Describe Carolus Linnaeus' contribution to Darwin's theory of evolution. He sought order in life’s diversi ...
darwin`s theory of evolution
darwin`s theory of evolution

... – Species that are closely related share characteristics ...
Evolution
Evolution

... • Evolution is an undirected process, constrained – by physical laws (such as gravity) – by genetics (which might, for example, encode the directions for building breathing organs in a particular way), and – by the environment (which might not, for example, contain a niche for a large, slow-moving, ...
How does evolution occur by natural selection?
How does evolution occur by natural selection?

... • When bacteria are exposed to an antibiotic there is a chance that a few will have a gene that makes them resistant. • The bacteria WITHOUT the resistance will be killed, while those that are RESISTANT will survive and pass on their genes for antibiotic resistance. The antibiotic is the selecting a ...
Microsoft Word 97
Microsoft Word 97

... belonging to the same species. It is also thought that only a small group of Cro-Magnons gave rise to all present human races. If we use our imaginations and suppose that a small, living population of Cro-Magnons was found somewhere on earth just recently, how could we positively determine that we a ...
Evolution - Jessamine County Schools
Evolution - Jessamine County Schools

... Natural selection – occurs when some individuals of a population have genetically based traits that cause them to survive and produce more offspring than other individuals Gene flow – involves movement of genes between populations and can lead to changes in the genetic composition of local populatio ...
Principles of Evolution
Principles of Evolution

... A Human Example of the Founder Effect • An Amish woman with her child, who suffers from a set of genetic defects known as Ellis–van Creveld syndrome (short arms and legs, extra fingers, and, in some cases, heart defects). The founder effect accounts for the prevalence of Ellis–van Creveld syndrome ...
Mechanisms of Evolution
Mechanisms of Evolution

...  Adaptations are the result of natural selection. The most suitable traits being successfully passed on for many, many generations.  These suitable traits in a population are what scientists refer to as an adaptation. ...
Agents of Evolutionary Change
Agents of Evolutionary Change

... Least common, mutation leads to trait which serves beneficial to organism. Driving force of evolution ...
Chapter 10 Study Guide SECTION 1: Early Ideas about Evolution
Chapter 10 Study Guide SECTION 1: Early Ideas about Evolution

... Match each scientist with the statement that best reflects his ideas about evolutionary theory. 1. Linnaeus ...
CH. 23 (A): EVOLUTION of
CH. 23 (A): EVOLUTION of

... 1) Extremely large population size. The smaller the population, the greater the role played by chance fluctuations in allele frequencies from one generation to the next, known as _____________ __________. 2) No gene flow. Gene flow, the transfer of alleles between _______________ can alter allele fr ...
Evolution “Change Over Time”
Evolution “Change Over Time”

... of one species. Without these differences within a species, some environmental pressures may wipe out the entire species causing extinction. ...
Evolution “Change Over Time”
Evolution “Change Over Time”

... of one species. Without these differences within a species, some environmental pressures may wipe out the entire species causing extinction. ...
chapter 3
chapter 3

... 3. Transformism had posited the primordial relatedness of all life forms. 4. Darwin posited natural selection as the mechanism through which speciation takes shape (reaching this conclusion along with Alfred Russell Wallace). 5. Natural selection is the gradual process by which nature selects the fo ...
Evolution 3/2/14
Evolution 3/2/14

... Link to Natural Selection example cartoon ...
Survival of the Fittest
Survival of the Fittest

... animal breeders used heritable variation, what we now call genetic variation, to improve crops and livestock. • Artificial selection: nature provided the variation, and humans selected those variations that they found useful. – A.K.A Selective Breeding ...
Darwin`s Theory of Evolution
Darwin`s Theory of Evolution

... propose a revolutionary hypothesis about the way life changes over time = The Theory of Evolution • Darwin used these observations to scientifically explain the diversity of life on this planet. ...
Evolution - Tolar ISD
Evolution - Tolar ISD

... Results of Natural Selection • Genetic Drift : Change in gene frequency. (how often you see a trait) • Especially in small populations. ...
Chapter 15 Evolution: Evidence and Theory
Chapter 15 Evolution: Evidence and Theory

... organisms in a population in different ways because individuals of a species are not identical.  Some organisms may have traits that better enable them to cope with their environment. These organisms with favorable traits will likely leave more offspring in the environment. o If a trait both increa ...
Organism DNA Codes
Organism DNA Codes

... Provides evidence of change over time and age of past organisms. ...
Evolution . . . .
Evolution . . . .

...  Think of how organisms compete for food . . . . ...
Genetic Drift - Cloudfront.net
Genetic Drift - Cloudfront.net

... change by which descendents come to differ from their ancestors. 2. This is a mechanism by which individuals that have inherited beneficial adaptations produce more offspring on average than do other individuals This type of white blood cell phagocytizes small particles 3. This person published On t ...
BIOLOGY
BIOLOGY

... D. DNA _____ Darwin was prompted to publish his ideas about evolution by A. an essay by Wallace on evolution B. the publication of Lamarck’s theory of evolution C. his wife Emma D. the work of Hutton and Lyell _____ Which of the following best describes how DARWIN would explain giraffes with long ne ...
ppt lecture
ppt lecture

... • People homozygous for sickle cell trait die from sickle-cell disease • People homozygous for normal RBC’s in malaria endemic areas die from malaria • People who are heterozygous are protected from both severe sickle cell disease and from malaria ...
Review for Final Semester Exam
Review for Final Semester Exam

... C. The mother provided half of the offspring’s chromosomes D. The mother provided all of the offspring’s chromosomes ...
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Inclusive fitness

In evolutionary biology inclusive fitness theory is a model for the evolution of social behaviors (traits), first set forward by W. D. Hamilton in 1963 and 1964. Instead of a trait's frequency increase being thought of only via its average effects on an organism's direct reproduction, Hamilton argued that its average effects on indirect reproduction, via identical copies of the trait in other individuals, also need to be taken into account. Hamilton's theory, alongside reciprocal altruism, is considered one of the two primary mechanisms for the evolution of social behaviors in natural species.From the gene's point of view, evolutionary success ultimately depends on leaving behind the maximum number of copies of itself in the population. Until 1964, it was generally believed that genes only achieved this by causing the individual to leave the maximum number of viable direct offspring. However, in 1964 W. D. Hamilton showed mathematically that, because other members of a population may share identical genes, a gene can also increase its evolutionary success by indirectly promoting the reproduction and survival of such individuals. The most obvious category of such individuals is close genetic relatives, and where these are concerned, the application of inclusive fitness theory is often more straightforwardly treated via the narrower kin selection theory.Belding's ground squirrel provides an example. The ground squirrel gives an alarm call to warn its local group of the presence of a predator. By emitting the alarm, it gives its own location away, putting itself in more danger. In the process, however, the squirrel may protect its relatives within the local group (along with the rest of the group). Therefore, if the effect of the trait influencing the alarm call typically protects the other squirrels in the immediate area, it will lead to the passing on of more of copies of the alarm call trait in the next generation than the squirrel could leave by reproducing on its own. In such a case natural selection will increase the trait that influences giving the alarm call, provided that a sufficient fraction of the shared genes include the gene(s) predisposing to the alarm call.Synalpheus regalis, a eusocial shrimp, also is an example of an organism whose social traits meet the inclusive fitness criterion. The larger defenders protect the young juveniles in the colony from outsiders. By ensuring the young's survival, the genes will continue to be passed on to future generations.Inclusive fitness is more generalized than strict kin selection, which requires that the shared genes are identical by descent. Inclusive fitness is not limited to cases where ""kin"" ('close genetic relatives') are involved.
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