• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Natural Selection
Natural Selection

... GENETIC DRIFT: In small populations, individuals that carry a particular allele may have more descendants than other individuals. Over time, a series of chance occurrences of this type can cause an allele to become more common in a population. ...
Evolution Ch. 15&16
Evolution Ch. 15&16

... Evolution of Brains: ...
evolution_2012 - Okemos Public Schools
evolution_2012 - Okemos Public Schools

...  Chambers: evolution:...the doctrine according to which higher forms of life have gradually arisen out of lower. ...
05 Lecture Evolution LO.10
05 Lecture Evolution LO.10

... differences in survival and reproduction among phenotypes. 5) The extent to which phenotypic variation is due to genetic variation determines the potential for evolution by natural selection. 6) Adaptations result from natural selection on heritable variation in traits that affect evolutionary fitne ...
Darwin
Darwin

... on that variation in a very non-random way: genetic variants that aid survival and reproduction are much more likely to become common than variants that don't. Natural selection is not random! (University of Berkeley) ...
Study demonstrates evolutionary `fitness` not the most important
Study demonstrates evolutionary `fitness` not the most important

... there is selection: if the variation in a trait allows an organism to have more viable offspring, to be 'fitter', then that trait will eventually come to dominate in the population. Traditional evolutionary theory When you think about evolution, 'survival of the fittest' is probably one of the first ...
Mechanics of evolution
Mechanics of evolution

... 17) How is embryology evidence of evolution? 18) How are biochemistry and genetics evidence of evolution? 19) Outline how Peppered Moths are good examples of evolution. 20) True or False? Evolution happens quickly. Explain your response. 21) True or False? Mutation occur because of the changes in th ...
Evidence for Evolution
Evidence for Evolution

... BRAINSTORM with a shoulder partner about what makes us more advanced than other primates and ...
Honors Evolution Power Point 201
Honors Evolution Power Point 201

... • Stabilizing selection is a type of natural selection that favors the average individuals in a population. This process selects against the extreme phenotypes and instead favors the majority of the population that is well adapted to the environment. Stabilizing selection is often shown on a graph a ...
Evolution - Granbury ISD
Evolution - Granbury ISD

... Results of Natural Selection • Genetic Drift : Change in gene frequency. (how often you see a trait) • Especially in small populations. ...
How do we know evolution is a thing? 1) ​Fossil record:​variations
How do we know evolution is a thing? 1) ​Fossil record:​variations

... What causes populations to experience evolution and changes in their gene pools? 1) ​Natural selection​ favors certain characteristics and causes allele frequencies to shift towards an extreme/extremes/common ground 2) ​Mutations​ produce new alleles altogether (good ​or​ bad) 3) ​Genetic drift​ is ...
b) Directional Selection
b) Directional Selection

... - Microevolution is a change in relative frequency of alleles in the gene pool of a population. - A population is at genetic equilibrium if 5 conditions are met: ...
matter - Peters
matter - Peters

...  Inference #1: Production of more individuals than the environment can support leads to a struggle for existence among the individuals of a population, with only a fraction of the offspring surviving each generation. o Observation #4: Individuals of a population vary extensively in their characteri ...
Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection
Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection

... _________________________ is the way in which nature favours the reproductive success of some individuals within a population over others ...
class fill in notes - Social Circle City Schools
class fill in notes - Social Circle City Schools

... 1. __________ occur in nature 2. There is a ___________ for existence called ______________ 3. Survival of the ________ is when _________ best suited for the ____________ will ___________, _______________ and pass their ______ to offspring 4. _____________________ of offspring can occur 1. ________ ...
Chapter 4 - Rye High School
Chapter 4 - Rye High School

... Random mistakes that occur in coded genetic instructions. ...
Natural Selection (8a)
Natural Selection (8a)

... GENETIC DRIFT: In small populations, individuals that carry a particular allele may have more descendants than other individuals. Over time, a series of chance occurrences of this type can cause an allele to become more common in a population. ...
Chapter 11 Evolution
Chapter 11 Evolution

...  Taken as a whole, findings from biogeography, comparative morphology, and geology did not fit with prevailing beliefs of the 19th century  Increasingly extensive observations of nature led to new ways of thinking about the natural ...
Evolution by Natural Selection 19 August 2015 Section A: Summary
Evolution by Natural Selection 19 August 2015 Section A: Summary

... Important Terms:  Definitions: o Evolution: The process by which organisms or objects have developed from earlier forms during the history of the earth. o Biological evolution: any genetic change in a population that is inherited over several generations. These changes may be small or large, notice ...
Today: 5/29/2000
Today: 5/29/2000

... selection labs, then work on the classification Intro Activity (the rest of the ...
Aim #75: How does evolution occur by natural
Aim #75: How does evolution occur by natural

... were resistant to pesticide A to survive. In other words, some insects had a MUTATION that allowed them to survive the presence of the insecticide. These insects were then able to reproduce and pass their mutation into the next generation. ...
Colleen Snow Lesson plans for Biology Week 12, March 26
Colleen Snow Lesson plans for Biology Week 12, March 26

... Speciation: formation of a new species. reproductive isolation:when member of two species cannot interbreed. behavioral isolation : when members of two species can interbreed, but have different mating rituals or customs. geographic isolation: when members of two species cannot interbreed due to geo ...
Selection - Science in Progress
Selection - Science in Progress

... 3. Members of the same species show variation in characteristics ...
Basic Evolution
Basic Evolution

... from their parents and each other • Speciation – after many generations are involved in natural selection – A population may be so different from the original population that it can be classified as a different species – SPECIES = organisms who can mate and produce fertile offspring ...
Natural selection - Bloor-SBI3U
Natural selection - Bloor-SBI3U

... frequencies with in a population using a mathematical equation In large populations in which only random chance is at work, allele frequencies are expected to remain constant from generation to generation ...
< 1 ... 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 ... 134 >

Inclusive fitness

In evolutionary biology inclusive fitness theory is a model for the evolution of social behaviors (traits), first set forward by W. D. Hamilton in 1963 and 1964. Instead of a trait's frequency increase being thought of only via its average effects on an organism's direct reproduction, Hamilton argued that its average effects on indirect reproduction, via identical copies of the trait in other individuals, also need to be taken into account. Hamilton's theory, alongside reciprocal altruism, is considered one of the two primary mechanisms for the evolution of social behaviors in natural species.From the gene's point of view, evolutionary success ultimately depends on leaving behind the maximum number of copies of itself in the population. Until 1964, it was generally believed that genes only achieved this by causing the individual to leave the maximum number of viable direct offspring. However, in 1964 W. D. Hamilton showed mathematically that, because other members of a population may share identical genes, a gene can also increase its evolutionary success by indirectly promoting the reproduction and survival of such individuals. The most obvious category of such individuals is close genetic relatives, and where these are concerned, the application of inclusive fitness theory is often more straightforwardly treated via the narrower kin selection theory.Belding's ground squirrel provides an example. The ground squirrel gives an alarm call to warn its local group of the presence of a predator. By emitting the alarm, it gives its own location away, putting itself in more danger. In the process, however, the squirrel may protect its relatives within the local group (along with the rest of the group). Therefore, if the effect of the trait influencing the alarm call typically protects the other squirrels in the immediate area, it will lead to the passing on of more of copies of the alarm call trait in the next generation than the squirrel could leave by reproducing on its own. In such a case natural selection will increase the trait that influences giving the alarm call, provided that a sufficient fraction of the shared genes include the gene(s) predisposing to the alarm call.Synalpheus regalis, a eusocial shrimp, also is an example of an organism whose social traits meet the inclusive fitness criterion. The larger defenders protect the young juveniles in the colony from outsiders. By ensuring the young's survival, the genes will continue to be passed on to future generations.Inclusive fitness is more generalized than strict kin selection, which requires that the shared genes are identical by descent. Inclusive fitness is not limited to cases where ""kin"" ('close genetic relatives') are involved.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report