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Chapter 9 Notes
Chapter 9 Notes

... degradation of sugars or other organic fuel that occurs without the use of oxygen. The most prevalent and efficient catabolic pathway is aerobic respiration. -oxygen is consumed as a reactant along with the organic fuel. The cells of most eukaryotic and many prokaryotic organisms can carry out aerob ...
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... - Only in mammals - Only in brown adipose tissue – heat production ...
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H - IS MU

... Fructose-1-P accumulates in the liver cells to such an extent that most of the inorganic phosphate is removed from the cytosol. Phosphate is needed for function of glycogen phosphorylase, oxidative phosphorylation is inhibited and hypoglycaemia also appears (Fru-1-P inhibits both glycolysis and gluc ...
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... to Exercise (p. 7) If glycolysis evolved relatively late, it likely would not be as universal in organisms as it is. It probably ...
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How Cells Harvest Energy: Cellular Respiration

... Cellular respiration extracts energy from glucose by oxidation (using O2) to make ATP and produces CO2 and H2O ...
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pharmaceutical biochemistry
pharmaceutical biochemistry

... universal central pathway of anaerob glucose catabolism. It takes place in the cytosol because the plasma membrane generally lacks transporters for phosphorylated sugars and so the intermediates cannot leave this compartment. Glycolysis could be divided to two parts: the breakdown of the sixcarbon g ...
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... DNP can easily permeate the mitochondrial inner membrane Outside the mitochondrion, where the H+ concentration is high, DNP picks up a proton After diffusing inside, where the H+ concentration low, it gives up the proton. So it ferries protons from regions of high concentration to regions of low con ...
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Chapter 9. Cellular Respiration STAGE 1: Glycolysis

... Making ATP without oxygen ...
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... pyruvate each of which has ……… carbon atoms. Glycolysis uses two molecules of ATP and produces four giving a net gain of ………… molecules of ATP for each glucose molecule. Glycolysis also produces two molecules of NADH (reduced NAD) which can go on to produce more ATP in oxidative phosphorylation. LIN ...
Exam #2 BMB 514 – Medical Biochemistry 10/10/11
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... 28) Which of the following statements is correct? A) Triacylglycerols (TAG) and phospholipids are synthesized by branches from a common intermediate. B) ATP is used for activation in the salvage pathway of phospholipid synthesis. C) Serine is a source used to create the backbone of phospholipids and ...
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... 57. The transfer of a phosphate group to another molecule or compound is called phosphorylation. (T/F) 58. When an enzyme catalyzes a reaction, it raises the activation energy so that the reaction proceeds faster. (T/F) 59. In photosynthesis, for every 3 molecule of CO2 that enter the Calvin cycle, ...
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Supplemental notes in pdf
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... synthesize carbohydrates from CO2 and H2O. Aerobic organisms, such as ourselves, consume carbohydrates as a chemical source of energy and metabolize them in the presence of O2 to from CO2 and H2O. All organisms depend directly or indirectly on energy derived from thermonuclear fusion reactions on th ...
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... The manufacturer adds carbohydrase from each of three different microorganisms, A, B and C, to starch in flasks at 40 °C. Every minute a sample of the mixture is added to iodine solution and placed in the ...
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... medium used to identify Gramnegative enteric bacteria based on their ability to ferment selected carbohydrates and produce hydrogen sulfide (a metabolic by-product) • Many biochemical tests are performed simultaneously in a single tube ...
AP Biology Ch. 9 Cellular Respiration
AP Biology Ch. 9 Cellular Respiration

... Fermentation: the partial breakdown of glucose without oxygen. It only releases a small amount of ATP. Glycolysis: the first step of breaking down glucose—it splits glucose (6C) into 2 pyruvic acid molecules (3C each) ...
ppt file/carboxilase
ppt file/carboxilase

... pyr → AcCoA PC ↓ →AcCoA OA → citr O citr ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... pyruvic acid. b. converted into two molecules of ATP. c. partially broken down and some of its stored energy is released. d. partially broken down and its stored energy is increased. ...
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Solutions for Practice Problems for Molecular Biology, Session 5

... Dark blue colonies Mutants 8-10 White colonies White colonies Dark blue colonies Dark blue colonies d) A loss-of-function mutation in which component or components (I, Pi, CAP binding site, Plac, O, lacZ) could produce the constitutive phenotype seen in these mutants? I, Pi, O e) You introduce a pie ...
Cell Respiration Notes
Cell Respiration Notes

... Used by microorganisms to make beer/wine Used by yeast to make bread LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION Pyruvate → lactic acid + NAD+ Human muscle cells when oxygen is low during exercise ...
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Glucose



Glucose is a sugar with the molecular formula C6H12O6. The name ""glucose"" (/ˈɡluːkoʊs/) comes from the Greek word γλευκος, meaning ""sweet wine, must"". The suffix ""-ose"" is a chemical classifier, denoting a carbohydrate. It is also known as dextrose or grape sugar. With 6 carbon atoms, it is classed as a hexose, a sub-category of monosaccharides. α-D-glucose is one of the 16 aldose stereoisomers. The D-isomer (D-glucose) occurs widely in nature, but the L-isomer (L-glucose) does not. Glucose is made during photosynthesis from water and carbon dioxide, using energy from sunlight. The reverse of the photosynthesis reaction, which releases this energy, is a very important source of power for cellular respiration. Glucose is stored as a polymer, in plants as starch and in animals as glycogen.
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