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CELLULAR RESPIRATION
... Pyruvate is decarboxylated (loss of CO2) into acetaldehyde (a 2 carbon compound) ¨ Alcohol dehydrogenase converts acetylaldehyde into ethanol (2C) ¨ NADH is converted back into NAD+ for glycolysis to continue to occur ¨ Ethanol will not be converted back to pyruvate even if O2 concentration ha ...
... Pyruvate is decarboxylated (loss of CO2) into acetaldehyde (a 2 carbon compound) ¨ Alcohol dehydrogenase converts acetylaldehyde into ethanol (2C) ¨ NADH is converted back into NAD+ for glycolysis to continue to occur ¨ Ethanol will not be converted back to pyruvate even if O2 concentration ha ...
PADINA BOERGESENII STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS Original Article
... Methods: Oral administration of the effective dose of P. boergesenii to the diabetic rats for 20 days showed abridged effects on fasting blood glucose, insulin and lipoprotein levels. Results: Significant difference was observed in liver glycogen and total protein levels in diabetic rats after P. bo ...
... Methods: Oral administration of the effective dose of P. boergesenii to the diabetic rats for 20 days showed abridged effects on fasting blood glucose, insulin and lipoprotein levels. Results: Significant difference was observed in liver glycogen and total protein levels in diabetic rats after P. bo ...
Cellular Respiration Notes (Overhead Version)
... molecule in the Electron Transport Chain, Oxygen allows additional electrons to pass along the chain. Allowing ATP to continue to be synthesized. Oxygen also accepts Protons that were once part of the Hydrogen Atoms supplied by NADH and FADH2. By combining with both Electrons and Protons, Oxygen for ...
... molecule in the Electron Transport Chain, Oxygen allows additional electrons to pass along the chain. Allowing ATP to continue to be synthesized. Oxygen also accepts Protons that were once part of the Hydrogen Atoms supplied by NADH and FADH2. By combining with both Electrons and Protons, Oxygen for ...
anaerobic respiration
... it is very inefficient, creating just 2 molecules of ATP per glucose molecule, as opposed to the 38 allowed by aerobic respiration. ...
... it is very inefficient, creating just 2 molecules of ATP per glucose molecule, as opposed to the 38 allowed by aerobic respiration. ...
Lecture 8 - Harford Community College
... Oxidation-Reduction reactions • Oxidation: the loss of electrons • Reduction: the gain of electrons • Redox reactions: when both occur at the same time • When electrons removed from a compound protons often follow (H+) • Oxidation: loss of a hydrogen atom • Reduction: gain of a hydrogen atom ...
... Oxidation-Reduction reactions • Oxidation: the loss of electrons • Reduction: the gain of electrons • Redox reactions: when both occur at the same time • When electrons removed from a compound protons often follow (H+) • Oxidation: loss of a hydrogen atom • Reduction: gain of a hydrogen atom ...
Sol: A process of physio
... Mechanism of Electron transport system – Glucose molecule is completely oxidized by the end of the citric acid cycle. The energy is not released unless NADH and FADH are oxidized through the ETS. The oxidation means ‘removal of electrons from it’. Metabolic pathway through which the electron passes ...
... Mechanism of Electron transport system – Glucose molecule is completely oxidized by the end of the citric acid cycle. The energy is not released unless NADH and FADH are oxidized through the ETS. The oxidation means ‘removal of electrons from it’. Metabolic pathway through which the electron passes ...
cellular respiration quiz review guide
... What are the 3 stages of cellular respiration? Define glycolysis. Why does glycolysis have to happen? Briefly describe the steps of glycolysis. What are the products of glycolysis? What is the net gain of ATP molecules in glycolysis? What part of the cell does glycolysis occur in? Define aerobic res ...
... What are the 3 stages of cellular respiration? Define glycolysis. Why does glycolysis have to happen? Briefly describe the steps of glycolysis. What are the products of glycolysis? What is the net gain of ATP molecules in glycolysis? What part of the cell does glycolysis occur in? Define aerobic res ...
EXAM 2 Lecture 15 1. What are cofactors? A: They are small organic
... can drive these special reactions. 2. What are the two subdivisions of cofactors? A: Essential ions and coenzymes 3. What are the further subdivisions of essential ions and how strong do they bind? A: Activator ions (loosely bound) and metal ions of metalloenzymes (tightly bound) 4. What are the fur ...
... can drive these special reactions. 2. What are the two subdivisions of cofactors? A: Essential ions and coenzymes 3. What are the further subdivisions of essential ions and how strong do they bind? A: Activator ions (loosely bound) and metal ions of metalloenzymes (tightly bound) 4. What are the fur ...
15. The Importance of Energy Changes and Electron Transfer in
... - Differences from sucrose ① Three of hydroxyl groups have been replaced with three chlorine atoms. ② Configuration at carbon atom number four of pyranose ring of glucose has been inverted. - Not metabolized by the body (no calories) - Some report for its toxicity ...
... - Differences from sucrose ① Three of hydroxyl groups have been replaced with three chlorine atoms. ② Configuration at carbon atom number four of pyranose ring of glucose has been inverted. - Not metabolized by the body (no calories) - Some report for its toxicity ...
The Corn Refining Process - Corn Refiners Association
... perfecting the process of separating corn into its component parts to create a myriad of value added products. The corn wet milling process separates corn into its four basic components: starch, germ, fiber, and protein. There are five basic steps to accomplish this process. First the incoming corn ...
... perfecting the process of separating corn into its component parts to create a myriad of value added products. The corn wet milling process separates corn into its four basic components: starch, germ, fiber, and protein. There are five basic steps to accomplish this process. First the incoming corn ...
CHAPTER 12 – RESPIRATION
... Glycolysis (Glyco – ‘sugar’; lyso – ‘breakdown’) is the breakdown of a hexose sugar, usually glucose, into two molecules of the three-carbon compound pyruvate (pyruvic acid). It occurs in all cells; in anaerobic organisms it is the only stage of respiration. Although they contain quite large amounts ...
... Glycolysis (Glyco – ‘sugar’; lyso – ‘breakdown’) is the breakdown of a hexose sugar, usually glucose, into two molecules of the three-carbon compound pyruvate (pyruvic acid). It occurs in all cells; in anaerobic organisms it is the only stage of respiration. Although they contain quite large amounts ...
Advanced Macropod Course 2016 1
... body eg toe, wrist or tail causing their mouth to be held open for long periods • Normally joeys would be attached to the teat and sucking most of the time ...
... body eg toe, wrist or tail causing their mouth to be held open for long periods • Normally joeys would be attached to the teat and sucking most of the time ...
Energy represents the capacity to do work. Cells must
... survive…chain. + diffuses •H through back thebreath We take in about 2 xATP 1020synthase molecules of Ointo 2 per matrix (chemiosmosis) creating ATP (phosphorilation) ...
... survive…chain. + diffuses •H through back thebreath We take in about 2 xATP 1020synthase molecules of Ointo 2 per matrix (chemiosmosis) creating ATP (phosphorilation) ...
Slide 1
... FIGURE 11-5: Tricarboxylic acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. Pyruvate is carried into the mitochondrial matrix for oxidative decarboxylation to acetyl-CoA via the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDH) or for carboxylation to oxaloacetate via pyruvate carboxylase (PC). Acetyl-CoA is condensed ...
... FIGURE 11-5: Tricarboxylic acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. Pyruvate is carried into the mitochondrial matrix for oxidative decarboxylation to acetyl-CoA via the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDH) or for carboxylation to oxaloacetate via pyruvate carboxylase (PC). Acetyl-CoA is condensed ...
the plateau phase of growth of the lm strain mouse cell
... the values obtained would have been increased 280 fold. The specific activity of the protein found in the medium (0.034 to 0.101 cpm/pg) was less than that of the celhdar protein at any point during plateau, but the level of protein in the medium increased 7.5 fold, whereas cellular protein increase ...
... the values obtained would have been increased 280 fold. The specific activity of the protein found in the medium (0.034 to 0.101 cpm/pg) was less than that of the celhdar protein at any point during plateau, but the level of protein in the medium increased 7.5 fold, whereas cellular protein increase ...
Cellular Respiration
... the process moves onto oxidative reduction & the kreb’s cycle. • Possible for 36 ATP to be made. ...
... the process moves onto oxidative reduction & the kreb’s cycle. • Possible for 36 ATP to be made. ...
Lecture 2: Glycolysis Part 1 - Berkeley MCB
... of ATP, generating a low energy phosphate bond at about 12 kJ/mol. Downhill reaction. PFK Regulation & The Pasteur Effect. The fact that PFK is important in regulation came from the old experiments of Louis Pasteur, and it is still called the Pasteur Effect. Yeast often convert glucose into two mole ...
... of ATP, generating a low energy phosphate bond at about 12 kJ/mol. Downhill reaction. PFK Regulation & The Pasteur Effect. The fact that PFK is important in regulation came from the old experiments of Louis Pasteur, and it is still called the Pasteur Effect. Yeast often convert glucose into two mole ...
Chapter 11
... – Catabolism of glucose, fatty acids, amino acids, or alcohol • Energy stored in carbon-hydrogen bonds is captured in the high energy compound ATP ...
... – Catabolism of glucose, fatty acids, amino acids, or alcohol • Energy stored in carbon-hydrogen bonds is captured in the high energy compound ATP ...
Gluconeogenesis differs in developing chick embryos derived from
... [M+3]phosphoneolpyruvate, the latter of which is the precursor for resynthesis (recycling) of glucose. Similarly, synthesis of [M+3]pyruvate in nonhepatic tissues ...
... [M+3]phosphoneolpyruvate, the latter of which is the precursor for resynthesis (recycling) of glucose. Similarly, synthesis of [M+3]pyruvate in nonhepatic tissues ...
BIO 101 Worksheet Metabolism and Cellular Respiration
... 5. _______ Electrons are donated by NADH and FADH2 6. _______ Energy is harvested in a step wise fashion 7. _______ Water is produced in oxidative phosphorylation 8. _______ ATP is broken down to 34 ADP + 34 P in oxidative phosphorylation 9. _______ATP is synthesized by a ATP synthase 10. _______ AT ...
... 5. _______ Electrons are donated by NADH and FADH2 6. _______ Energy is harvested in a step wise fashion 7. _______ Water is produced in oxidative phosphorylation 8. _______ ATP is broken down to 34 ADP + 34 P in oxidative phosphorylation 9. _______ATP is synthesized by a ATP synthase 10. _______ AT ...
Effects of Oxygen Supply and Mixed Sugar Concentration on D
... mechanisms of facilitated diffusion and active transport have been known to follow an equation analogous to Michaelis-Menten kinetics depending on the extracellular and/or intracellular sugar concentration [7]. The effects of sugar concentration on cell growth, sugar consumption, and D-ribose produc ...
... mechanisms of facilitated diffusion and active transport have been known to follow an equation analogous to Michaelis-Menten kinetics depending on the extracellular and/or intracellular sugar concentration [7]. The effects of sugar concentration on cell growth, sugar consumption, and D-ribose produc ...
View Full Text-PDF
... media. Glucose isomerase (EC. 5.3.1.5) catalyzes the reversible isomerization of glucose to fructose and that of xylose to xylulose. It is an important enzyme used in the industrial production of high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS). Glucose isomerase was purified from Bacillus thuringiensis. The final p ...
... media. Glucose isomerase (EC. 5.3.1.5) catalyzes the reversible isomerization of glucose to fructose and that of xylose to xylulose. It is an important enzyme used in the industrial production of high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS). Glucose isomerase was purified from Bacillus thuringiensis. The final p ...
carbohydrates
... • Glycoside: a carbohydrate in which the -‐OH of the anomeric carbon is replaced by -‐OR • those derived from furanoses are furanosides; those derived from pyranoses are pyranosides • glycosidic bond: the ...
... • Glycoside: a carbohydrate in which the -‐OH of the anomeric carbon is replaced by -‐OR • those derived from furanoses are furanosides; those derived from pyranoses are pyranosides • glycosidic bond: the ...
Chem 454: Regulatory Mechanisms in
... bicarbonate is required for the synthesis of palmitoyl-CoA. He was surprised to find that very low levels of bicarbonate could sustain palmitate synthesis; that is, there was no correlation between the amount of bicarbonate required and the amount of palmitate produced. Later he also found that 14C- ...
... bicarbonate is required for the synthesis of palmitoyl-CoA. He was surprised to find that very low levels of bicarbonate could sustain palmitate synthesis; that is, there was no correlation between the amount of bicarbonate required and the amount of palmitate produced. Later he also found that 14C- ...
Respiration
... In the absence of oxygen, the cell resorts to anaerobic metabolism. In animal cells, pyruvate is converted to lactic acid. In yeast and bacteria, the pyruvate is often converted to ethanol. In both cases, no new ATP is produced, so the net production of the energy-carrying molecule is only the two m ...
... In the absence of oxygen, the cell resorts to anaerobic metabolism. In animal cells, pyruvate is converted to lactic acid. In yeast and bacteria, the pyruvate is often converted to ethanol. In both cases, no new ATP is produced, so the net production of the energy-carrying molecule is only the two m ...
Glucose
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Alpha-D-glucopyranose-2D-skeletal.png?width=300)
Glucose is a sugar with the molecular formula C6H12O6. The name ""glucose"" (/ˈɡluːkoʊs/) comes from the Greek word γλευκος, meaning ""sweet wine, must"". The suffix ""-ose"" is a chemical classifier, denoting a carbohydrate. It is also known as dextrose or grape sugar. With 6 carbon atoms, it is classed as a hexose, a sub-category of monosaccharides. α-D-glucose is one of the 16 aldose stereoisomers. The D-isomer (D-glucose) occurs widely in nature, but the L-isomer (L-glucose) does not. Glucose is made during photosynthesis from water and carbon dioxide, using energy from sunlight. The reverse of the photosynthesis reaction, which releases this energy, is a very important source of power for cellular respiration. Glucose is stored as a polymer, in plants as starch and in animals as glycogen.