Expression and characterization of von Willebrand
... Posttranslational processing of vWF monomers includes dimerization by disulfide bonding at the cysteine-rich carboxy-terminal and polymerization to multimers of different size at the amino-terminal. Because it was shown that disulfide bonding at the amino-terminal is independent of dimerization at t ...
... Posttranslational processing of vWF monomers includes dimerization by disulfide bonding at the cysteine-rich carboxy-terminal and polymerization to multimers of different size at the amino-terminal. Because it was shown that disulfide bonding at the amino-terminal is independent of dimerization at t ...
Mathematical Models of Cell Cycle Progression
... The aim of this thesis is to develop mathematical models of cell cycle progression which can be used in conjunction with biological experiments. The thesis focusses on modelling processes which have biological relevance, and uses mathematics to investigate biological hypotheses about mechanisms whic ...
... The aim of this thesis is to develop mathematical models of cell cycle progression which can be used in conjunction with biological experiments. The thesis focusses on modelling processes which have biological relevance, and uses mathematics to investigate biological hypotheses about mechanisms whic ...
General enquiries on this form should be made to
... characterised for transgene expression levels in brain (and other tissues) and for transgene copy numbers. In the case of the ovine PrPAHQ mice, AHQ refers to amino acid residues alanine, histidine and glutamine at codons 136, 154 and 171, respectively, and in ovine PrPARR mice, ARR refers to alanin ...
... characterised for transgene expression levels in brain (and other tissues) and for transgene copy numbers. In the case of the ovine PrPAHQ mice, AHQ refers to amino acid residues alanine, histidine and glutamine at codons 136, 154 and 171, respectively, and in ovine PrPARR mice, ARR refers to alanin ...
univERsity oF copEnhAGEn
... trait loci (QTLs)–controlling glucosinolate content in a population of 403 Arabidopsis Bay 3 Sha recombinant inbred lines, 211 of which were previously used to identify expression QTLs controlling the transcript levels of biosynthetic genes. In a comparative study, we have directly tested two plant ...
... trait loci (QTLs)–controlling glucosinolate content in a population of 403 Arabidopsis Bay 3 Sha recombinant inbred lines, 211 of which were previously used to identify expression QTLs controlling the transcript levels of biosynthetic genes. In a comparative study, we have directly tested two plant ...
Visceral endoderm-restricted translation of Otx1
... Hence, on the basis of mutant phenotypes and expression patterns, Otx2 is required for proper gastrulation and specification of an early neural plate when Otx1 expression is still off, and, at a later stage, Otx1 is required primarily in the dorsal telencephalon where Otx2 is not transcribed. Theref ...
... Hence, on the basis of mutant phenotypes and expression patterns, Otx2 is required for proper gastrulation and specification of an early neural plate when Otx1 expression is still off, and, at a later stage, Otx1 is required primarily in the dorsal telencephalon where Otx2 is not transcribed. Theref ...
"RNA Interference in Caenorhabditis elegans".
... et al., 2000). In the microinjection and soaking protocols, in vitro preparations of dsRNA are delivered mechanically using a needle to inject dsRNA directly into the body or passively by soaking worms in dsRNA solution. In the feeding protocols, dsRNA is transcribed in E. coli and ingested by anima ...
... et al., 2000). In the microinjection and soaking protocols, in vitro preparations of dsRNA are delivered mechanically using a needle to inject dsRNA directly into the body or passively by soaking worms in dsRNA solution. In the feeding protocols, dsRNA is transcribed in E. coli and ingested by anima ...
Auxin metabolism and homeostasis during plant development
... hence free to bind to genes containing auxin response elements (TGTCTC) in their promoters to activate or repress transcription (Fig. 2). The large number of Aux/IAA response genes (29 in Arabidopsis) and ARFs (23 in Arabidopsis) indicate that the auxin response is very complex, depending both on au ...
... hence free to bind to genes containing auxin response elements (TGTCTC) in their promoters to activate or repress transcription (Fig. 2). The large number of Aux/IAA response genes (29 in Arabidopsis) and ARFs (23 in Arabidopsis) indicate that the auxin response is very complex, depending both on au ...
Light Quality–Dependent Nuclear Import of the Plant Photoreceptors
... spots in the cytosol (Figure 4C). By contrast, treatment of etiolated, phyB–GFP—expressing seedlings (Figure 5E) or dark-adapted mature plants (data not shown), even with repeated pulses of far-red light, was ineffective and never resulted in the accumulation of detectable amounts of fluorescence in ...
... spots in the cytosol (Figure 4C). By contrast, treatment of etiolated, phyB–GFP—expressing seedlings (Figure 5E) or dark-adapted mature plants (data not shown), even with repeated pulses of far-red light, was ineffective and never resulted in the accumulation of detectable amounts of fluorescence in ...
PDF
... In insects, the precise timing of molting and metamorphosis is strictly guided by a principal steroid hormone, ecdysone. Among the multiple conversion steps for synthesizing ecdysone from dietary cholesterol, the conversion of 7-dehydrocholesterol to 5ketodiol, the so-called ‘Black Box’, is thought ...
... In insects, the precise timing of molting and metamorphosis is strictly guided by a principal steroid hormone, ecdysone. Among the multiple conversion steps for synthesizing ecdysone from dietary cholesterol, the conversion of 7-dehydrocholesterol to 5ketodiol, the so-called ‘Black Box’, is thought ...
X-Chromosome inactivation ratios affect wild-type
... of symptoms may follow a chronological rather than developmental time line (14,15). Another possibility is that MeCP2 expression is developmentally regulated and not required until postnatal CNS development during synaptogenesis (8 – 10,17). In humans, MeCP2 protein expression shows complex developm ...
... of symptoms may follow a chronological rather than developmental time line (14,15). Another possibility is that MeCP2 expression is developmentally regulated and not required until postnatal CNS development during synaptogenesis (8 – 10,17). In humans, MeCP2 protein expression shows complex developm ...
Engrailed cooperates with extradenticle and homothorax to repress
... complete repression of slp by hs-En. (C) Control to show that TM3 itself does not affect repression of slp by hs-En (genotype hs-En; +/+, stained in parallel with the others). (D) An hth mutant (genotype hthP2/hthP2, distinguishable in the same population as in A by the absence of β-galactosidase st ...
... complete repression of slp by hs-En. (C) Control to show that TM3 itself does not affect repression of slp by hs-En (genotype hs-En; +/+, stained in parallel with the others). (D) An hth mutant (genotype hthP2/hthP2, distinguishable in the same population as in A by the absence of β-galactosidase st ...
Cotyledon organogenesis - Journal of Experimental Botany
... cleft, to give hemitrocotyly, or one cotyledon of a tricotyledonous plant bifurcated to give a hemitetracotyl (Karschon, 1973). Various types of cotyledon syncotyly or pleiocotyly are demonstrated by some developmental mutants in Arabidopsis such as dornröschen and dornröschen-like, different alle ...
... cleft, to give hemitrocotyly, or one cotyledon of a tricotyledonous plant bifurcated to give a hemitetracotyl (Karschon, 1973). Various types of cotyledon syncotyly or pleiocotyly are demonstrated by some developmental mutants in Arabidopsis such as dornröschen and dornröschen-like, different alle ...
PDF
... issue, demonstrating that sns and hbs function redundantly in the formation of several muscle precursors, and that loss of one copy of sns enhances the myoblast fusion phenotype of hbs mutants. We further show that excess Hbs rescues some fusion in sns mutant embryos beyond precursor formation, cons ...
... issue, demonstrating that sns and hbs function redundantly in the formation of several muscle precursors, and that loss of one copy of sns enhances the myoblast fusion phenotype of hbs mutants. We further show that excess Hbs rescues some fusion in sns mutant embryos beyond precursor formation, cons ...
Endonucleolytic processing of CCAless tRNA precursors by RNase
... whether or not a precursor RNA accumulated in the absence of IPTG and whether the corresponding tRNA gene had an encoded CCA motif. With one possible exception, complete maturation of tRNAs with an encoded CCA motif occurred in the absence of IPTG. The tRNAs encoded by trnD-Asn (encoded CCA) and trn ...
... whether or not a precursor RNA accumulated in the absence of IPTG and whether the corresponding tRNA gene had an encoded CCA motif. With one possible exception, complete maturation of tRNAs with an encoded CCA motif occurred in the absence of IPTG. The tRNAs encoded by trnD-Asn (encoded CCA) and trn ...
Pax1, Pax9, Vertebral column, Chondrogenesis, Proliferation
... morphogens, including the protein products of the decapentaplegic (dpp) and wingless (wg) genes, are secreted from localized sources and organize the patterning of the discs ...
... morphogens, including the protein products of the decapentaplegic (dpp) and wingless (wg) genes, are secreted from localized sources and organize the patterning of the discs ...
The control of shoot branching: an example of plant information
... – the existing stem transport pathway. The polar transport stream in the stem is a good sink because of its ability to transport auxin away down the stem. This can be seen in a simple experiment where auxin is applied to the side of an isolated pea stem segment (Sachs 1981). A vascular strand will b ...
... – the existing stem transport pathway. The polar transport stream in the stem is a good sink because of its ability to transport auxin away down the stem. This can be seen in a simple experiment where auxin is applied to the side of an isolated pea stem segment (Sachs 1981). A vascular strand will b ...
Par-1
... machinery Many components of RNAi machinery have been identified through genetic screening for RNAi defective mutants and through biochemical studies using cell extracts (e.g. Drosophila embryo extract). ...
... machinery Many components of RNAi machinery have been identified through genetic screening for RNAi defective mutants and through biochemical studies using cell extracts (e.g. Drosophila embryo extract). ...
Gene Expression Profiles of Cold
... mature pollen grain. However, further gene expression and functional analyses of individual transcripts (da Costa-Nunes and Grossniklaus 2003), as well as the establishment and characterization of the gene expression profiles in germinating pollen and/or pollen tubes, can expand our comprehension of ...
... mature pollen grain. However, further gene expression and functional analyses of individual transcripts (da Costa-Nunes and Grossniklaus 2003), as well as the establishment and characterization of the gene expression profiles in germinating pollen and/or pollen tubes, can expand our comprehension of ...
ABSTRACT Title of Document: PROGRAMMED
... The PTC is located at the bottom of the large cleft on the interface side of the large subunit underneath the central protuberance (Polacek & Mankin, 2005; Rodnina et al, 2006). The acceptor ends of the tRNAs meet at the bottom of the funnel-shaped active site above the entrance to the peptide exit ...
... The PTC is located at the bottom of the large cleft on the interface side of the large subunit underneath the central protuberance (Polacek & Mankin, 2005; Rodnina et al, 2006). The acceptor ends of the tRNAs meet at the bottom of the funnel-shaped active site above the entrance to the peptide exit ...
Comm function at the CNS midline - Development
... 1A). The majority of the axons that extend within the longitudinal tracts have their cell bodies located on the opposite or contralateral side of the midline and must extend across the midline in one of the two commissural tracts. In comm mutant animals, the commissural tracts fail to form giving ri ...
... 1A). The majority of the axons that extend within the longitudinal tracts have their cell bodies located on the opposite or contralateral side of the midline and must extend across the midline in one of the two commissural tracts. In comm mutant animals, the commissural tracts fail to form giving ri ...
factor involved in dorsal-ventral axis formation and neurogenesis
... solid boxes numbered 1-6 represent the exons from cDNAs encoding the putative spi protein; the hatched region within exon 6 represents the coding sequence (see also Fig. 3). All of the cDNAs examined that encode spi are composed of two or more exons. The location of exon 1 in the genomic region has ...
... solid boxes numbered 1-6 represent the exons from cDNAs encoding the putative spi protein; the hatched region within exon 6 represents the coding sequence (see also Fig. 3). All of the cDNAs examined that encode spi are composed of two or more exons. The location of exon 1 in the genomic region has ...
Mir-92 microRNA precursor family
The miR-92 microRNAs are short single stranded non-protein coding RNA fragments initially discovered incorporated into an RNP complex with a proposed role of processing RNA molecules and further RNP assembly. Mir-92 has been mapped to the human genome as part of a larger cluster at chromosome 13q31.3, where it is 22 nucleotides in length but exists in the genome as part of a longer precursor sequence. There is an exact replica of the mir-92 precursor on the X chromosome. MicroRNAs are endogenous triggers of the RNAi pathway which involves several ribonucleic proteins (RNPs) dedicated to repressing mRNA molecules via translation inhibition and/or induction of mRNA cleavage. miRNAs are themselves matured from their long RNA precursors by ribonucleic proteins as part of a 2 step biogenesis mechanism involving RNA polymerase 2.Most miRNAs are grouped into clusters in the human genome or within families that share functions, expression profiles, promotors, or are incorporated into the same ribonucleic protein. The purpose of having a variety of miRNAs in a single piece of RNA processing machinery is to act as complementary strands to the recognition elements of a variety of target RNA molecules.The recognition elements of target mRNAs are typically within the 3' untranslated regions and with 678 human miRNAs and 472 mouse miRNAs confidently identified so far (miRBASE) there are extensive efforts taking place using bioinformatics tools to scan genomes for potential recognition elements for families of miRNAs in order to identify potential target genes.Mir-92 is no exception and currently identified gene targets have been among those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell signalling, and thus necessary during all stages of mammalian development and essential for the proliferation of cells. miRNAs can be oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes depending on their targets while mir-92 has been implicated as the former in leukaemia forms AML and ALL, Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and several other cancers.The search for noninvasive tools for diagnosis and management of cancer is extremely important for reducing the worldwide health burden of cancer. miRNAs show potential as biomarkers and can even be found circulating in the serum. Some circulating miRNAs are specific to tumour patients, while miR-92 on the other-hand is present in healthy individuals in the serum, but levels are variable and appear to change in response to the onset of some cancers.