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Global warming IS human made (Sat 19 Feb) WARM-UPS
Global warming IS human made (Sat 19 Feb) WARM-UPS

... Global warming IS human made (Sat 19 Feb) BNE: Findings from a new study __________ Friday proves that global warming is caused by human activity, and not by natural environmental factors. Researchers at the Scripps Institute of Oceanography have found __________ evidence of human-produced warming i ...
Project Overview Inception Meeting, August 2002 Santiago, Chile
Project Overview Inception Meeting, August 2002 Santiago, Chile

Open Access - Lund University Publications
Open Access - Lund University Publications

... 1.1 Statement of Purpose and Question of Research The general purpose of this thesis is to investigate the impact of Member States on the policy-making process in the field of environmental policy, more specifically the issue area of climate change, the objective being to describe and interpret cha ...
Perverse incentives under the CDM: a comment - Working Paper 53 (757 kB) (opens in new window)
Perverse incentives under the CDM: a comment - Working Paper 53 (757 kB) (opens in new window)

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North East England Greenhouse Gas Emissions Baselines and

... detailed North East inventory does not exist for 1990. ...
FORESTS - Climate Change, Biodiversity and Land Degradation
FORESTS - Climate Change, Biodiversity and Land Degradation

... The secretariats of the Rio Conventions also collaborate with other international organizations and nongovernmental organizations with substantial programmes on forests. All three secretariats are members of the Collaborative Partnership on Forests (CPF), which promotes the sustainable management an ...
Kate Meyer and David Merry
Kate Meyer and David Merry

... could be offset by the emission reductions these would provide. There may be opportunities for mixed use land which combines low density forestry with low density agriculture. With appropriate trees and forestry management, this would have environmental benefits which go above and beyond emission re ...
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PDF

... fuels.1 Combined with continued GDP growth, this means global economic activity must be rapidly ‘de-carbonised’. The need to reduce global emissions substantially means that all major emitters must play their part. The United States currently accounts for 23% of annual global CO2 emissions, and Chin ...
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PDF Download

Carbon Trading – Glossary
Carbon Trading – Glossary

... the King Paper that described an alternative standard for scoring the amount and quality of carbon sequestered in a particular project. It takes into consideration the following factors: Basic Project Parameters (level of carbon sequestered prior to the project; after the project has had full effect ...
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Environmental Pillar Submission on Agriculture Roadmap

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Managing climate change and overcoming poverty: facing the realities and building a global agreement (455 kB) (opens in new window)

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The Causes of Global Climatic Changes: International and

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How local authorities can reduce emissions and manage climate risk

... • Local authorities should draw up low-carbon plans which include a high level ambition for emissions reduction (e.g. 20% reduction across buildings, surface transport and waste by 2020 relative to 2010 levels) but focus on drivers of emissions over which they have influence (e.g. number of homes i ...
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This PDF is a selection from a published volume from... of Economic Research

Oxfam-Diamond Valley Newsletter December 2015
Oxfam-Diamond Valley Newsletter December 2015

... shows that current country pledges to reduce emissions will not be enough to avoid dangerous climate change. While the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change’s verdict shows that the world is making progress, this round of pledges still leads to 2.7 degrees of warming, which would prove catastrop ...
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Of Montreal and Kyoto: A Tale of Two Protocols

... the negotiations. Ultimately, most of the major developed nations, including the United States, agreed to the Kyoto Protocol, which sets forth firm quantitative limits on GHG emissions. Specified reductions were listed for, and limited to, the “Annex 1” nations—those bound by the Kyoto Protocol.39 T ...
PFCs
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... Actions taken under the Montreal Protocol have led to the replacement of CFCs with HCFCs, HFCs, and other substances and processes. Because replacement species generally have lower Global Warming Potentials11 (GWPs), and because total halocarbon emissions have decreased, their combined CO2-equivalen ...
The End of the Kyoto Protocol - Digital Commons @ Georgia Law
The End of the Kyoto Protocol - Digital Commons @ Georgia Law

... operation of cars, aircrafts, and other machines.31 Thus, greenhouse gases come from a wide variety of both natural and unnatural sources. Regardless of their source, greenhouse gases operate by trapping heat in the Earth’s atmosphere.32 Generally, if these gases are not present, when sunlight hits ...
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... Historical investments in renewable energy and investment gap This section shows Brazil’s current investments in the overall power sector (including distribution and transmission) as well as in renewable energy expressed as the share of the total annual investments needed to be in line with a 2°C co ...
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... These proposals concern Council decisions, to be adopted pursuant to Article 218 (5) and (6) TFEU, to sign and conclude the agreement between the Union, the Member States and Iceland concerning Iceland's participation in the joint fulfilment of commitments of the Union, the Member States and Iceland ...
Comment by:  Patrick J. Michaels and Paul C. Knappenberger
Comment by: Patrick J. Michaels and Paul C. Knappenberger

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Kyoto Protocol



The Kyoto Protocol is an international treaty, which extends the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) that commits State Parties to reduce greenhouse gases emissions, based on the premise that (a) global warming exists and (b) man-made CO2 emissions have caused it. The Kyoto Protocol was adopted in Kyoto, Japan, on 11 December, 1997 and entered into force on 16 February 2005. There are currently 192 Parties (Canada withdrew effective December 2012) to the Protocol. The Kyoto Protocol implemented the objective of the UNFCCC to fight global warming by reducing greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere to ""a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system"" (Art. 2). The Protocol is based on the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities: it puts the obligation to reduce current emissions on developed countries on the basis that they are historically responsible for the current levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.The Protocol’s first commitment period started in 2008 and ended in 2012. A second commitment period was agreed on in 2012, known as the Doha Amendment to the protocol, in which 37 countries have binding targets: Australia, the European Union (and its 28 member states), Belarus, Iceland, Kazakhstan, Liechtenstein, Norway, Switzerland, and Ukraine. Belarus, Kazakhstan and Ukraine have stated that they may withdraw from the Protocol or not put into legal force the Amendment with second round targets. Japan, New Zealand and Russia have participated in Kyoto's first-round but have not taken on new targets in the second commitment period. Other developed countries without second-round targets are Canada (which withdrew from the Kyoto Protocol in 2012) and the United States (which has not ratified the Protocol). As of July 2015, 36 states have accepted the Doha Amendment, while entry into force requires the acceptances of 144 states.Negotiations were held in Lima in 2014 to agree on a post-Kyoto legal framework that would obligate all major polluters to pay for CO2 emissions. China, India, and the United States have all signaled that they will not ratify any treaty that will commit them legally to reduce CO2 emissions.
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