From Kyoto to Copenhagen - Law, Environment and Development
... century, not only for fixing greenhouse gases (GHG) emission limits to be achieved by industrialised nations by 2012, but also for providing three flexible mechanisms through which industrialised countries can achieve their emission reduction objectives. These mechanisms: Joint Implementation (JI), ...
... century, not only for fixing greenhouse gases (GHG) emission limits to be achieved by industrialised nations by 2012, but also for providing three flexible mechanisms through which industrialised countries can achieve their emission reduction objectives. These mechanisms: Joint Implementation (JI), ...
Comparative analysis of greenhouse gas emissions from major
... activities resulting in significant increase in the temperature of the earth causing global warming. This is quantified using an indicator like global warming potential (GWP) and expressed as tonnes carbon dioxide equivalent. Assessing the greenhouse gas emissions is an important step towards making ...
... activities resulting in significant increase in the temperature of the earth causing global warming. This is quantified using an indicator like global warming potential (GWP) and expressed as tonnes carbon dioxide equivalent. Assessing the greenhouse gas emissions is an important step towards making ...
2001PWW093 - City of Edmonton
... been an extensive consultation process in which an Initial Discussion Document, a Consultation Document and the Draft Strategy were circulated widely for review and comment. The consultation process used by the CO2RE Team to develop this strategy involved the following: CO2RE Project Steering Co ...
... been an extensive consultation process in which an Initial Discussion Document, a Consultation Document and the Draft Strategy were circulated widely for review and comment. The consultation process used by the CO2RE Team to develop this strategy involved the following: CO2RE Project Steering Co ...
Revised text - Harvard Kennedy School
... leaders of India and China are just as clear: they are unalterably opposed to cutting emissions until after the United States and other rich countries have gone first. After all, the industrialized countries created the problem of global climate change, while developing countries are responsible for ...
... leaders of India and China are just as clear: they are unalterably opposed to cutting emissions until after the United States and other rich countries have gone first. After all, the industrialized countries created the problem of global climate change, while developing countries are responsible for ...
Against the Grain: The United States and the Global Climate
... US climate change diplomacy. Although many US proposals during the Kyoto Protocol negotiations pushed against the boundaries of the negotiating mandate, the US was fully involved in the talks, and not out on a limb as it had been during the Convention negotiations. The election of a Republican-domin ...
... US climate change diplomacy. Although many US proposals during the Kyoto Protocol negotiations pushed against the boundaries of the negotiating mandate, the US was fully involved in the talks, and not out on a limb as it had been during the Convention negotiations. The election of a Republican-domin ...
Linkages between the Montreal and Kyoto Protocols
... Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer of 1987 are probably the multilateral environmental agreements that have inspired negotiations on the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (FCCC) of 1992 and its Kyoto Protocol of 1997 most. This is not least because the Montreal P ...
... Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer of 1987 are probably the multilateral environmental agreements that have inspired negotiations on the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (FCCC) of 1992 and its Kyoto Protocol of 1997 most. This is not least because the Montreal P ...
Climate change I: Kyoto Protocol preferred policy package
... The package set out below contains the key elements of the Government’s policy response to climate change in order to give Parliament, industry and other stakeholders a clear outline of future policy directions. The development of the policy package was guided by the Government’s principles of ensur ...
... The package set out below contains the key elements of the Government’s policy response to climate change in order to give Parliament, industry and other stakeholders a clear outline of future policy directions. The development of the policy package was guided by the Government’s principles of ensur ...
new zealand`s greenhouse gas inventory 1990–2013 snapshot
... New Zealand is committed to playing its part in a global response to climate change. New Zealand has a broad range of measures to address climate change, on both a domestic and an international level, and focuses efforts where it can make the greatest contribution. New Zealand’s total emissions are ...
... New Zealand is committed to playing its part in a global response to climate change. New Zealand has a broad range of measures to address climate change, on both a domestic and an international level, and focuses efforts where it can make the greatest contribution. New Zealand’s total emissions are ...
Comparative analysis of greenhouse gas emissions from major
... activities resulting in significant increase in the temperature of the earth causing global warming. This is quantified using an indicator like global warming potential (GWP) and expressed as tonnes carbon dioxide equivalent. Assessing the greenhouse gas emissions is an important step towards making ...
... activities resulting in significant increase in the temperature of the earth causing global warming. This is quantified using an indicator like global warming potential (GWP) and expressed as tonnes carbon dioxide equivalent. Assessing the greenhouse gas emissions is an important step towards making ...
A Proposal for the Design of the Successor to the Kyoto Protocol*
... policies (e.g. cap and trade or taxes) used to achieve reductions. The escape clause gives signatories the option to reduce their abatement, provided that they pay a penalty. We discuss two mechanisms for imposing this penalty, either a monetary fine or WTO-sanctioned trade restrictions. The escape ...
... policies (e.g. cap and trade or taxes) used to achieve reductions. The escape clause gives signatories the option to reduce their abatement, provided that they pay a penalty. We discuss two mechanisms for imposing this penalty, either a monetary fine or WTO-sanctioned trade restrictions. The escape ...
Read the full report
... Climate change mitigation has risen to the forefront as one of the most critical issues facing society today. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the international scientific body charged with evaluating the causes of climate change and its potential impacts, stated in its most rec ...
... Climate change mitigation has risen to the forefront as one of the most critical issues facing society today. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the international scientific body charged with evaluating the causes of climate change and its potential impacts, stated in its most rec ...
Nox and Sox Emissions and Climate Changes
... summer rains in some areas would also tend to reduce ozone levels. Overall, Tagaris et al. [7] project that climate change alone will have little net effect on national-average levels of ozone or PM2.5, though there would likely be regional variation, with some areas experiencing higher and some low ...
... summer rains in some areas would also tend to reduce ozone levels. Overall, Tagaris et al. [7] project that climate change alone will have little net effect on national-average levels of ozone or PM2.5, though there would likely be regional variation, with some areas experiencing higher and some low ...
"shared vision", at heart of climate talks by Meena Raman (11 June
... The US said that meeting the goal will be dependent on the availability of not only new technologies, but other factors as well. For this reason, it does not see the goal as the basis of longterm target setting or burden-sharing but rather, that a future approach would need to reflect what countries ...
... The US said that meeting the goal will be dependent on the availability of not only new technologies, but other factors as well. For this reason, it does not see the goal as the basis of longterm target setting or burden-sharing but rather, that a future approach would need to reflect what countries ...
CRS Report for Congress Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Conflicting Situations, Conflicting Perspectives
... and related data from a variety of sources into a database that is available publically for analysis. This report analyzes those data to examine two issues. The first issue is the separate treatment of developed and developing nations under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change ( ...
... and related data from a variety of sources into a database that is available publically for analysis. This report analyzes those data to examine two issues. The first issue is the separate treatment of developed and developing nations under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change ( ...
The Reinforced Strategy for Europe
... decision-making process, to set its own targets. However, there is also a need for an increased tempo in emissions reduction, and this is an opportunity to improve targets and increase results at a local level. The role of ICLEI within the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) To ensure ...
... decision-making process, to set its own targets. However, there is also a need for an increased tempo in emissions reduction, and this is an opportunity to improve targets and increase results at a local level. The role of ICLEI within the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) To ensure ...
The Paris Agreement Summary
... for reviewing countries’ emissions commitments every five years, and a system for tracking countries’ progress towards meeting their mitigation goals. The coalition succeeded in integrating all four items into the new Agreement. While Parties could not agree on a specific date at which global emissi ...
... for reviewing countries’ emissions commitments every five years, and a system for tracking countries’ progress towards meeting their mitigation goals. The coalition succeeded in integrating all four items into the new Agreement. While Parties could not agree on a specific date at which global emissi ...
here - Trialog
... mitigation measures as well as the legal form of the text and accountability. The effectiveness of the “Paris Climate Agreement” is dependent on the provision of finances to support adaptation and mitigation measures in developing countries. Developed countries have committed to scaling up the clima ...
... mitigation measures as well as the legal form of the text and accountability. The effectiveness of the “Paris Climate Agreement” is dependent on the provision of finances to support adaptation and mitigation measures in developing countries. Developed countries have committed to scaling up the clima ...
SOME INTERNATIONAL LEGAL PERSPECTIVES
... CO2 streams from CO2 capture processes for sequestration … only if: – Into a sub-seabed geological formation – Consists “overwhelmingly” of CO2. May contain incidental associated substances derived from the source material and capture and sequestration ...
... CO2 streams from CO2 capture processes for sequestration … only if: – Into a sub-seabed geological formation – Consists “overwhelmingly” of CO2. May contain incidental associated substances derived from the source material and capture and sequestration ...
Kyoto Protocol
The Kyoto Protocol is an international treaty, which extends the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) that commits State Parties to reduce greenhouse gases emissions, based on the premise that (a) global warming exists and (b) man-made CO2 emissions have caused it. The Kyoto Protocol was adopted in Kyoto, Japan, on 11 December, 1997 and entered into force on 16 February 2005. There are currently 192 Parties (Canada withdrew effective December 2012) to the Protocol. The Kyoto Protocol implemented the objective of the UNFCCC to fight global warming by reducing greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere to ""a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system"" (Art. 2). The Protocol is based on the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities: it puts the obligation to reduce current emissions on developed countries on the basis that they are historically responsible for the current levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.The Protocol’s first commitment period started in 2008 and ended in 2012. A second commitment period was agreed on in 2012, known as the Doha Amendment to the protocol, in which 37 countries have binding targets: Australia, the European Union (and its 28 member states), Belarus, Iceland, Kazakhstan, Liechtenstein, Norway, Switzerland, and Ukraine. Belarus, Kazakhstan and Ukraine have stated that they may withdraw from the Protocol or not put into legal force the Amendment with second round targets. Japan, New Zealand and Russia have participated in Kyoto's first-round but have not taken on new targets in the second commitment period. Other developed countries without second-round targets are Canada (which withdrew from the Kyoto Protocol in 2012) and the United States (which has not ratified the Protocol). As of July 2015, 36 states have accepted the Doha Amendment, while entry into force requires the acceptances of 144 states.Negotiations were held in Lima in 2014 to agree on a post-Kyoto legal framework that would obligate all major polluters to pay for CO2 emissions. China, India, and the United States have all signaled that they will not ratify any treaty that will commit them legally to reduce CO2 emissions.