US Rejection of the Kyoto Protocol: the impact
... their carbon dioxide emissions. As a result, this region is projected to have excess emission rights. In the parlance of the climate debate this is commonly described as “hot air” or “Russian hot air” to denote the country expected to receive the largest number of excess credits. The Protocol permit ...
... their carbon dioxide emissions. As a result, this region is projected to have excess emission rights. In the parlance of the climate debate this is commonly described as “hot air” or “Russian hot air” to denote the country expected to receive the largest number of excess credits. The Protocol permit ...
Potential GHG abatement Projects in Upstream Oil & Gas Sector
... flaring and venting of gases. So the principle target for emission reduction is in this domain. Various technological initiative have been introduced to reduce emissions as a result of combustion process related to power production. More efficient gas turbines have been developed together with impro ...
... flaring and venting of gases. So the principle target for emission reduction is in this domain. Various technological initiative have been introduced to reduce emissions as a result of combustion process related to power production. More efficient gas turbines have been developed together with impro ...
PDF
... In his 1945 book “Open Society and Its Enemies”, the philosopher Karl Popper developed the notion of the Law of Unintended Consequences. This “law” of social sciences stated that for every piece of social regulation there will be consequences of the regulation that were not envisaged by the promoter ...
... In his 1945 book “Open Society and Its Enemies”, the philosopher Karl Popper developed the notion of the Law of Unintended Consequences. This “law” of social sciences stated that for every piece of social regulation there will be consequences of the regulation that were not envisaged by the promoter ...
Shared Vision for South Asia - Pakistan Institute of Trade And
... capitals (or assets) enjoyed by a human system, the lower is the vulnerability ...
... capitals (or assets) enjoyed by a human system, the lower is the vulnerability ...
doc - CSUSAP - Charles Sturt University
... In his 1945 book “Open Society and Its Enemies”, the philosopher Karl Popper developed the notion of the Law of Unintended Consequences. This “law” of social sciences stated that for every piece of social regulation there will be consequences of the regulation that were not envisaged by the promoter ...
... In his 1945 book “Open Society and Its Enemies”, the philosopher Karl Popper developed the notion of the Law of Unintended Consequences. This “law” of social sciences stated that for every piece of social regulation there will be consequences of the regulation that were not envisaged by the promoter ...
Low Carbon Society Vision 2050 - Kooperation
... to effectively integrate climate change actions in the development plans of the country. The actions outlined in the document, we believe, would guide effective transition towards a Low Carbon India. The proposed analysis is in line with national position articulated in India‟s “National Climate Cha ...
... to effectively integrate climate change actions in the development plans of the country. The actions outlined in the document, we believe, would guide effective transition towards a Low Carbon India. The proposed analysis is in line with national position articulated in India‟s “National Climate Cha ...
Carbon Capture and Storage Factfile
... CCS could be particularly useful for capturing CO2 emissions from electricity generation using coal or gas. If the CO2 from burning sustainably grown biomass (wood etc) were captured, over time this could produce negative emissions or “carbon sequestration”, reducing the amount of CO2 in the atm ...
... CCS could be particularly useful for capturing CO2 emissions from electricity generation using coal or gas. If the CO2 from burning sustainably grown biomass (wood etc) were captured, over time this could produce negative emissions or “carbon sequestration”, reducing the amount of CO2 in the atm ...
Executive Summary
... Change (IPCC) 4th Assessment Report, warming of the climate system is unequivocal (IPCC 2007). Most of the observed increase in global average temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely due to the observed increase in atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations. The contribution of h ...
... Change (IPCC) 4th Assessment Report, warming of the climate system is unequivocal (IPCC 2007). Most of the observed increase in global average temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely due to the observed increase in atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations. The contribution of h ...
PowerPoint presentation (PPT file)
... supporting (primary production of terrestrial and aquatic forms of lives, nutrient accumulation) ...
... supporting (primary production of terrestrial and aquatic forms of lives, nutrient accumulation) ...
the economic case for divesting from fossil fuels
... (electricity) to power things that currently rely primarily on liquid BTU (such as transportation and some heating) solar and oil will indeed compete with each other directly. When that time comes, oil will again become cheap, because demand for it will have fallen dramatically as renewables, ever c ...
... (electricity) to power things that currently rely primarily on liquid BTU (such as transportation and some heating) solar and oil will indeed compete with each other directly. When that time comes, oil will again become cheap, because demand for it will have fallen dramatically as renewables, ever c ...
Population and Climate Change - American Philosophical Society
... and part of the solution (O’Neill et al. 2001, 2004; Guzmán et al. 2009; Jiang and Hardee 2009; O’Neill 2010; Nelson 2010). The challenge is to quantify that statement. This article reviews some of what has been learned so far. Population includes, in addition to the numbers of people, their demogra ...
... and part of the solution (O’Neill et al. 2001, 2004; Guzmán et al. 2009; Jiang and Hardee 2009; O’Neill 2010; Nelson 2010). The challenge is to quantify that statement. This article reviews some of what has been learned so far. Population includes, in addition to the numbers of people, their demogra ...
The Keystone XL Tar Sands Pipeline Hinders Climate
... comes to battling climate change and do not have effective plans to address the growing greenhouse gas emissions from tar sands. Fact: Alberta has weak climate policies and weak future emissions-reduction targets. For example, tar sands companies can forgo on-site emission reductions by paying $15 p ...
... comes to battling climate change and do not have effective plans to address the growing greenhouse gas emissions from tar sands. Fact: Alberta has weak climate policies and weak future emissions-reduction targets. For example, tar sands companies can forgo on-site emission reductions by paying $15 p ...
Climate Leadership report to minister executive summary
... that will bring our province into a new era of responsible energy development, build a greener and more prosperous economy, and protect the health and quality of life of all Albertans. Alberta is already part of a global movement of jurisdictions that are taking action on climate change. The upcomin ...
... that will bring our province into a new era of responsible energy development, build a greener and more prosperous economy, and protect the health and quality of life of all Albertans. Alberta is already part of a global movement of jurisdictions that are taking action on climate change. The upcomin ...
Download country chapter
... autumn. As the supreme governmental body, the 76 members are empowered to pass and amend laws, define domestic, foreign and financial policy, set economic and social development guidelines, ratify international agreements, and supervise the implementation of its laws and decisions. The President, th ...
... autumn. As the supreme governmental body, the 76 members are empowered to pass and amend laws, define domestic, foreign and financial policy, set economic and social development guidelines, ratify international agreements, and supervise the implementation of its laws and decisions. The President, th ...
2008-03-10_fertilizer biomass
... If the harvested crop is used as food or feed, the CO2 fixation is only short-term ...
... If the harvested crop is used as food or feed, the CO2 fixation is only short-term ...
A Kantian approach to sustainable development indicators for
... at the same time it is unclear to what extent the country in question is to blame. The indicator could then lose political influence. Global warming represents one of man's biggest environmental challenges. The objective of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC, 1992) is to stabilize ...
... at the same time it is unclear to what extent the country in question is to blame. The indicator could then lose political influence. Global warming represents one of man's biggest environmental challenges. The objective of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC, 1992) is to stabilize ...
Calculating the global
... quantities for the reference gas (i.e. CO2). The radiative efficiencies ax and ar are not necessarily constant over time. While the absorption of infrared radiation by many greenhouse gases varies linearly with their abundance, a few important ones display nonlinear behaviour for current and likely ...
... quantities for the reference gas (i.e. CO2). The radiative efficiencies ax and ar are not necessarily constant over time. While the absorption of infrared radiation by many greenhouse gases varies linearly with their abundance, a few important ones display nonlinear behaviour for current and likely ...
Sulfate Cooling - Global Warming
... The ice could melt away by fall in 4-9 years & be gone all summer in 9-30. The dark water absorbs far more heat than ice: so far, like 20 extra years. of CO2. ...
... The ice could melt away by fall in 4-9 years & be gone all summer in 9-30. The dark water absorbs far more heat than ice: so far, like 20 extra years. of CO2. ...
ECN3184 Econometric Methods (3 Credits) Section
... But if countries incur unnecessary costs it might be reasonable to allow more, say 4 C Is There a Role for Leadership in Mitigating Climate Change? ...
... But if countries incur unnecessary costs it might be reasonable to allow more, say 4 C Is There a Role for Leadership in Mitigating Climate Change? ...
What Trees Can Do to Reduce Atmospheric C02
... Well documented increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N20) have occurred over the last 200 years. Collectively, these gases are referred to as ‘greenhouse gases’ (GHG), because they absorb longwave radiation emitted from the Earth and this leads to the heati ...
... Well documented increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N20) have occurred over the last 200 years. Collectively, these gases are referred to as ‘greenhouse gases’ (GHG), because they absorb longwave radiation emitted from the Earth and this leads to the heati ...
The ViTal imporTance of ending new fossil fuel leases in The gulf of
... The industry is also dangerous for offshore-oil workers, whose risk of fatality is seven times higher than the national average, 14 and the welfare of Gulf communities. Refineries and other petroleum facilities in Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi and Texas reported 422.98 million pounds of toxic chem ...
... The industry is also dangerous for offshore-oil workers, whose risk of fatality is seven times higher than the national average, 14 and the welfare of Gulf communities. Refineries and other petroleum facilities in Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi and Texas reported 422.98 million pounds of toxic chem ...
On the Risk of Overshooting 2°C - Potsdam Institute for Climate
... http://ue.eu.int/ueDocs/cms_Data/docs/pressData/en/envir/83237.pdf ...
... http://ue.eu.int/ueDocs/cms_Data/docs/pressData/en/envir/83237.pdf ...
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[LSE COPY]
... University Press, 1999). The editors were officers of UNDP. On the UNDP web page promoting the book, the then UN Secretary General says the following: ‘It is not beyond the power of political volition to tip the scales towards a more secure peace, greater economic well-being, social justice and envi ...
... University Press, 1999). The editors were officers of UNDP. On the UNDP web page promoting the book, the then UN Secretary General says the following: ‘It is not beyond the power of political volition to tip the scales towards a more secure peace, greater economic well-being, social justice and envi ...
Climate change mitigation
Climate change mitigation consists of actions to limit the magnitude or rate of long-term climate change. Climate change mitigation generally involves reductions in human (anthropogenic) emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Mitigation may also be achieved by increasing the capacity of carbon sinks, e.g., through reforestation. Mitigation policies can substantially reduce the risks associated with human-induced global warming.""Mitigation is a public good; climate change is a case of ‘the tragedy of the commons’""Effective climate change mitigation will not be achieved if each agent (individual, institution or country) acts independently in its own selfish interest, (See International Cooperation and Emissions Trading) suggesting the need for collective action. Some adaptation actions, on the other hand, have characteristics of a private good as benefits of actions may accrue more directly to the individuals, regions, or countries that undertake them, at least in the short term. Nevertheless, financing such adaptive activities remains an issue, particularly for poor individuals and countries.""Examples of mitigation include switching to low-carbon energy sources, such as renewable and nuclear energy, and expanding forests and other ""sinks"" to remove greater amounts of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Energy efficiency may also play a role, for example, through improving the insulation of buildings. Another approach to climate change mitigation is climate engineering.Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The ultimate objective of the UNFCCC is to stabilize atmospheric concentrations of GHGs at a level that would prevent dangerous human interference of the climate system. Scientific analysis can provide information on the impacts of climate change, but deciding which impacts are dangerous requires value judgments.In 2010, Parties to the UNFCCC agreed that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level. This may be revised with a target of limiting global warming to below 1.5 °C relative to pre-industrial levels. The current trajectory of global greenhouse gas emissions does not appear to be consistent with limiting global warming to below 1.5 or 2 °C, relative to pre-industrial levels. Other mitigation policies have been proposed, some of which are more stringent or modest than the 2 °C limit.