Biopathways Representation and Simulation on Hybrid Functional
... most traditional approach is to employ ordinary differential equations (ODEs) such as Michaelis-Menten equations and to represent biochemical reactions as a systems of ODEs. Especially, the metabolic control analysis has been well established for many years on the ODE modeling [12, 13] as well as the ...
... most traditional approach is to employ ordinary differential equations (ODEs) such as Michaelis-Menten equations and to represent biochemical reactions as a systems of ODEs. Especially, the metabolic control analysis has been well established for many years on the ODE modeling [12, 13] as well as the ...
The Diversity of Lysine-Acetylated Proteins in Escherichia coli
... and nonhistone proteins have been identified in eukaryotes, and this modification regulates diverse protein properties including DNA-protein interactions, subcellular location, transcription activity, and protein stability [9, 13-15, 22]. Recently, it has been reported that lysine acetylation and it ...
... and nonhistone proteins have been identified in eukaryotes, and this modification regulates diverse protein properties including DNA-protein interactions, subcellular location, transcription activity, and protein stability [9, 13-15, 22]. Recently, it has been reported that lysine acetylation and it ...
Energy Transformation — Cellular Respiration
... 7. The cell has to digest glucose, fat, and protein in order to convert them into usable form of energy molecule called adenosine triphosphate. This ATP is the only molecule that is recognized by the cell for all of its cellular activities. 8. Among the metabolic pathways in aerobic respiration, the ...
... 7. The cell has to digest glucose, fat, and protein in order to convert them into usable form of energy molecule called adenosine triphosphate. This ATP is the only molecule that is recognized by the cell for all of its cellular activities. 8. Among the metabolic pathways in aerobic respiration, the ...
Engineering primary metabolic pathways of industrial
... genes that confer a prominent phenotype when the responsible mutation(s) are anywhere on the genome, but not at the place of the coding gene itself. For example, over-expression of certain sigma factors enhanced protein production in stationary phase (Weikert et al., 2000). Screening of libraries to ...
... genes that confer a prominent phenotype when the responsible mutation(s) are anywhere on the genome, but not at the place of the coding gene itself. For example, over-expression of certain sigma factors enhanced protein production in stationary phase (Weikert et al., 2000). Screening of libraries to ...
Bio 6B Lecture Slides - R1
... • Catabolic pathway (catabolism): breaking down of macromolecules. Releases energy which may be used to produce ATP. • Anabolic pathway (anabolism): building up of macromolecules. Requires energy from ATP. • Metabolism: the balance of catabolism and anabolism in the body. ...
... • Catabolic pathway (catabolism): breaking down of macromolecules. Releases energy which may be used to produce ATP. • Anabolic pathway (anabolism): building up of macromolecules. Requires energy from ATP. • Metabolism: the balance of catabolism and anabolism in the body. ...
Schizophrenia II - Psychiatry Training
... – mGluR2 and 3 are primarily distributed in forebrain regions. – Stimulation of these mediates presynaptic depression and decreases evoked release of glutamate. – PCP and other NMDA antagonists increase glutamate efflux; this may increase DA activity (amongst others) – Reduction of presynaptic gluta ...
... – mGluR2 and 3 are primarily distributed in forebrain regions. – Stimulation of these mediates presynaptic depression and decreases evoked release of glutamate. – PCP and other NMDA antagonists increase glutamate efflux; this may increase DA activity (amongst others) – Reduction of presynaptic gluta ...
The Predicted Candidates of Arabidopsis Plastid Inner Envelope
... various types. First, as mentioned above, the specificity of TargetP prediction is lower than the sensitivity. Because we did not employ any specificity cutoff for TargetP prediction and used low stringency for transmembrane prediction (transmembrane domain probability ⬎ 50%), these 541 candidates m ...
... various types. First, as mentioned above, the specificity of TargetP prediction is lower than the sensitivity. Because we did not employ any specificity cutoff for TargetP prediction and used low stringency for transmembrane prediction (transmembrane domain probability ⬎ 50%), these 541 candidates m ...
Low Oxygen Response Mechanisms in Green Organisms
... and generate adaptive responses. Indirect oxygen-sensing mechanisms could be based on low energy status, variations in carbohydrate availability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) signals, nitric oxide (NO)-related responses, NAD/NADH ratio, calcium fluxes and homeostatic reactions to intracellular pH c ...
... and generate adaptive responses. Indirect oxygen-sensing mechanisms could be based on low energy status, variations in carbohydrate availability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) signals, nitric oxide (NO)-related responses, NAD/NADH ratio, calcium fluxes and homeostatic reactions to intracellular pH c ...
Cloning and characterization of an eukaryotic initiation factor
... Eukaryotic initiation factor 2a (eIF-2a) kinases are involved in the translational regulations that occur in response to various types of environmental stress, and play an important role in the cellular defense system operating under unfavorable conditions. The identification of additional eIF-2a ki ...
... Eukaryotic initiation factor 2a (eIF-2a) kinases are involved in the translational regulations that occur in response to various types of environmental stress, and play an important role in the cellular defense system operating under unfavorable conditions. The identification of additional eIF-2a ki ...
Lactic acid bacteria as a cell factory: rerouting of carbon metabolism
... sugar and at the level of sugar transport. This phosphocarrier protein contains two residues that are target for phosphorylation. A histidine residue in the N-terminal part of the protein, that is a target for enzyme I mediated phosphorylation and the resulting HPr-(His-P) primarily plays a role in ...
... sugar and at the level of sugar transport. This phosphocarrier protein contains two residues that are target for phosphorylation. A histidine residue in the N-terminal part of the protein, that is a target for enzyme I mediated phosphorylation and the resulting HPr-(His-P) primarily plays a role in ...
when to switch to flowering
... ■ Abstract At a certain stage in their life cycle, plants switch from vegetative to reproductive development. This transition is regulated by multiple developmental and environmental cues. These ensure that the plant switches to flowering at a time when sufficient internal resources have been accumu ...
... ■ Abstract At a certain stage in their life cycle, plants switch from vegetative to reproductive development. This transition is regulated by multiple developmental and environmental cues. These ensure that the plant switches to flowering at a time when sufficient internal resources have been accumu ...
PRINCIPLES OF METABOLIC CONTROL
... is now feasible to measure the concentrations of phosphate-containing metabolites in a tissue, perfused organ, or even an intact living organism inserted into the widebore magnet of a NMR spectrometer. Results obtained from 31P-NMR are generally consistent with those obtained by acid extraction tech ...
... is now feasible to measure the concentrations of phosphate-containing metabolites in a tissue, perfused organ, or even an intact living organism inserted into the widebore magnet of a NMR spectrometer. Results obtained from 31P-NMR are generally consistent with those obtained by acid extraction tech ...
Patterns of prokaryotic lateral gene transfers affecting
... SP: Entries with an SP and without TMD are counted here. c ’TMDs ≥ 4’ or ‘TMDs 1-3’ refers to the number of TMDs predicted on protein sequences. Transporters typically have at least four TMDs (TMDs ≥ 4). Proteins with one to three TMDs represent putative membrane proteins. d EC numbers were annotate ...
... SP: Entries with an SP and without TMD are counted here. c ’TMDs ≥ 4’ or ‘TMDs 1-3’ refers to the number of TMDs predicted on protein sequences. Transporters typically have at least four TMDs (TMDs ≥ 4). Proteins with one to three TMDs represent putative membrane proteins. d EC numbers were annotate ...
Cellular Respiration
... • If no oxygen is present, the pyruvate goes into a fermentation pathway ...
... • If no oxygen is present, the pyruvate goes into a fermentation pathway ...
Bioenergetics Objectives Objectives
... • Discuss the function of cell membrane, nucleus, & mitochondria • Define: endergonic, exergonic, coupled reactions & bioenergetics • Describe how enzymes work • Discuss nutrients used for energy • Identify high-energy phosphates ...
... • Discuss the function of cell membrane, nucleus, & mitochondria • Define: endergonic, exergonic, coupled reactions & bioenergetics • Describe how enzymes work • Discuss nutrients used for energy • Identify high-energy phosphates ...
A study of archaeal enzymes involved in polar lipid
... enzymes have not been fully examined. Through database searching, we detected many archaeal hypothetical proteins that show sequence similarity to members of the CDP alcohol phosphatidyltransferase family, such as phosphatidylserine synthase (PSS), phosphatidylglycerol synthase (PGS) and phosphatidy ...
... enzymes have not been fully examined. Through database searching, we detected many archaeal hypothetical proteins that show sequence similarity to members of the CDP alcohol phosphatidyltransferase family, such as phosphatidylserine synthase (PSS), phosphatidylglycerol synthase (PGS) and phosphatidy ...
A new metabolomic assay to examine inflammation and redox
... associated with elevated risk of cognitive decline, cardiovascular disease, and cancer [4-8]. Non-proteinogenic metabolism of amino acids is a central part of the inflammation and redox environment. Arginine (Arg) and sulfur amino acid (SAA) metabolism play critical roles in regulating the physiolog ...
... associated with elevated risk of cognitive decline, cardiovascular disease, and cancer [4-8]. Non-proteinogenic metabolism of amino acids is a central part of the inflammation and redox environment. Arginine (Arg) and sulfur amino acid (SAA) metabolism play critical roles in regulating the physiolog ...
2007 Exam 3 1. The goal of the oxidative phase of the pentose
... b. metabolite that can enter the glycolytic pathway and produce PEP for glucose synthesis. c. is the reduced form of acetyl CoA that is produced during oxidation of fatty acids with an odd number of carbons. d. a reduced intermediate of the TCA cycle that is formed during when NADH levels are very h ...
... b. metabolite that can enter the glycolytic pathway and produce PEP for glucose synthesis. c. is the reduced form of acetyl CoA that is produced during oxidation of fatty acids with an odd number of carbons. d. a reduced intermediate of the TCA cycle that is formed during when NADH levels are very h ...
University of Groningen Sugar transport in
... linker region is the site of glycosylation as demonstrated for the S-layer protein of Haloferax volcanii [23]. The P. furiosus binding proteins contain glucose moieties [17] (unpublished results), whereas mannose, glucose, galactose, N -acetyl glucosamine and most likely 6-sulfoquinovose moieties ar ...
... linker region is the site of glycosylation as demonstrated for the S-layer protein of Haloferax volcanii [23]. The P. furiosus binding proteins contain glucose moieties [17] (unpublished results), whereas mannose, glucose, galactose, N -acetyl glucosamine and most likely 6-sulfoquinovose moieties ar ...
Full-Text PDF
... patterns and hierarchical regulation structures that prevail during abiotic stress conditions. 2. Transcriptional Regulation of Metabolic Networks Key to our understanding of the central dogma of molecular biology is the linear progression of molecular events associated with it; initiated with the e ...
... patterns and hierarchical regulation structures that prevail during abiotic stress conditions. 2. Transcriptional Regulation of Metabolic Networks Key to our understanding of the central dogma of molecular biology is the linear progression of molecular events associated with it; initiated with the e ...
MHC
... (CMV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), adenovirus 12 (Ad12), etc. - Decreased expression of class I MHC molecules is likely to help viruses evade the immune response by reducing the presentation of viral peptide on virus-infected cells. ...
... (CMV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), adenovirus 12 (Ad12), etc. - Decreased expression of class I MHC molecules is likely to help viruses evade the immune response by reducing the presentation of viral peptide on virus-infected cells. ...