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Exam 1
Exam 1

... 91. The Na+/K+ pump transports _______ into the cell and ________ out of the cell per cycle. *A. 2K+, 3Na+ B. 2Na+, 3K+ C. 3K+, 2Na+ D. 3Na+, 2K+ 92. The primary intracellular cation is A. Na+. *B. K+. C. Mg2+. D. Ca2+. 93. The resting membrane potential is closest to the equilibrium potential for ...
Reactions of the TCA Cycle
Reactions of the TCA Cycle

... Common Metabolic pathway for energy Provision from CHO, lipids and Amino acids (TCA Cycle/ Krebs Cycle) ...
Regulation of Transcription
Regulation of Transcription

... 1. Which of the following is true about transcription regulation? A) A repressor protein activates transcription of a negatively regulated gene. B) A positively regulated gene can be transcribed only in the absence of active repressor. C) In the absence of an activator, a negatively regulated gene ...
[edit] Amino acids and proteins [edit] Lipids
[edit] Amino acids and proteins [edit] Lipids

... Carbohydrate catabolism is the breakdown of carbohydrates into smaller units. Carbohydrates are usually taken into cells once they have been digested into monosaccharides.[33] Once inside, the major route of breakdown is glycolysis, where sugars such as glucose and fructose are converted into pyruva ...
Ubiquitin-proteosome protein degradation ppt
Ubiquitin-proteosome protein degradation ppt

...  First, Ubiquitin is activated by forming a link to “enzyme 1” (E1).  Then, ubiquitin is transferred to one of several types of “enzyme 2” (E2).  Then, “enzyme 3” (E3) catalizes the transfer of ubiquitin from E2 to a Lys e-amino group of the “condemned” ...
Self Assessment Form This is a pre
Self Assessment Form This is a pre

Midterm Study Guide (No Evol) Foley
Midterm Study Guide (No Evol) Foley

... What are the TWO Types of Stage 2 for the ANAEROBIC Pathway and What Organisms do each? ...
Self Assessment Form This is a pre
Self Assessment Form This is a pre

... Public Health Nutrition. Applicants should use this form to self declare any relevant prior study which can be used as part of the admissions process and as outlined in the admissions requirement information. It is the applicant’s responsibility to ensure this form is completed sufficiently and writ ...
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... Is the pathway regulated by substrate supply or subcellular location? Is there hormonal regulation of the pathway? Are the products of one pathway used in another?  how is metabolism integrated between tissues eg. ...
Cellular Respiration Review
Cellular Respiration Review

CSCE590/822 Data Mining Principles and Applications
CSCE590/822 Data Mining Principles and Applications

...  A hierarchical architecture implies that sparsely connected nodes are part of highly clustered areas, with communication between the different highly clustered neighborhoods being maintained by a few hubs Some examples of hierarchical scale free networks. ...
Chap 5 Study Guide
Chap 5 Study Guide

... 1. Define metabolism and identify the ultimate goal of metabolism. 2. Compare and contarst anabolism and catabolism – give an example of each process. 3. Describe the structure of ATP and why it is important. Enzymes: 4. Explain the collision theory and how it relates to activation energy. 5. Identi ...
AP Biology Review Notes - Gooch
AP Biology Review Notes - Gooch

... Enzymes have three dimensional shapes that can be affected by changes in pH and temperature. Lab #2 – Enzyme Lab Many enzymes require cofactors to function properly. Cofactors include zinc, iron, and copper. If a co-factor is organic it is called a coenzyme. Vitamins are coenzymes. Competitive inhib ...
Principles of BIOCHEMISTRY - Valdosta State University
Principles of BIOCHEMISTRY - Valdosta State University

... • Anabolic reactions - synthesize molecules for cell maintenance, growth and reproduction ...
Rabbit anti-Estrogen Receptor-β
Rabbit anti-Estrogen Receptor-β

... Estrogen receptor (ER) is a member of the steroid-receptor family. Unlike protein growth factors that bind to receptors on the cell surface and activate signal-transduction cascades to influence gene expression, the steroid hormones bind to intracellular receptors, which then bind to DNA and regulat ...
The Control of the Metabolic Switch in Cancers by Oncogenes and
The Control of the Metabolic Switch in Cancers by Oncogenes and

... the use of glucose and glutamine many fold. Penalties for this increased flux are an increase in oxidative intermediates, an altered redox potential, and excessive ROS. The metabolic response is to focus reactions on producing NADPH, a coolant that feeds into many chemical systems that reduce the RO ...
Bauman Chapter 1 Answers to Critical Thinking Questions
Bauman Chapter 1 Answers to Critical Thinking Questions

... These factors are needed for ATP production: NAD+ is required as an electron acceptor/donor and heme molecules are needed to form cytochromes, components of the electron transport chain. 10. Compare and contrast aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration, and fermentation. Aerobic respiration, anaer ...
BY 330 Summer 2015Mock Exam 2 Ten molecules of
BY 330 Summer 2015Mock Exam 2 Ten molecules of

... transport protein. Antiport carrier 13. What effect does an action potential have on a carrier protein? Voltage-gated channel proteins? None; Will open voltage-gated 14. A membrane-bound vesicle/endosome forms to bring molecules into the cell during endocytosis. The (luminal, cytoplasmic) side of th ...
biochem 44 [4-20
biochem 44 [4-20

... G6PD (glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase) activity. This enzyme catalyzes the first step in the hexose monophosphate shunt. Because RBCs lack ribosomes, they can’t produce more of it, so as G6PD activity decreases, oxidative damage accumulates, leading to lysis of the erythrocyte. 7. Why does an inhe ...
Lecture 20
Lecture 20

... The control of the flux through a pathway is regulated by regulatory enzymes at the committed step in the pathway. This control over metabolism allows the organism to make corrections and adjust to unforeseen changes. ...
Full version (PDF file)
Full version (PDF file)

... rhNRG-1 upregulated the ration of Bcl-2/bax expression and decreased the protein levels of cytochrome c. It was also found that, under DOX treatment, the activity of caspase-3 was increased, and rhNRG-1 significantly reduced the activation. All of these observations are consistent with the results o ...
PHARMACY BIOMEDICAL PREVIEW PROGRAM 2014
PHARMACY BIOMEDICAL PREVIEW PROGRAM 2014

... that, within a cell, one pathway is relatively inactive while the other is highly active. ...
3 - Dr. Jerry Cronin
3 - Dr. Jerry Cronin

... matrix (fibers and other substances outside the cell) may be anchored to membrane proteins, which help maintain cell shape and fix the location of certain membrane proteins. Others play a role in cell movement or bind adjacent cells together. ...
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Ads by Google

... Although some cells are highly dependent on glycolysis for the generation of ATP, the amount of ATP generated per glucose molecule is actually quite small. Under anaerobic conditions, the metabolism of each glucose molecule yields only two ATPs. In contrast, the complete aerobic metabolism of glucos ...
slides - Smith Lab
slides - Smith Lab

... - Present in low concentrations in plasma; production by liver increased during acute phase response - Two- to six-headed that forms complex with two protease zymogens - MASP-2 closely related to C1r and C1s ...
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Biochemical cascade

A biochemical cascade (or a signaling pathway) is a series of chemical reactions which are initiated by a stimulus (first messenger) acting on a receptor that is transduced to the cell interior through second messengers (which amplify the initial signal) and ultimately to effector molecules, resulting in a cell response to the initial stimulus. At each step of the signaling cascade, various controlling factors are involved to regulate cellular actions, responding effectively to cues about their changing internal and external environments.
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