• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
- Universiti Malaysia Kelantan
- Universiti Malaysia Kelantan

... sample (50a and 50b) showed positive results on SMA plate by forming clearing zones around the colonies. The clearing zones represent proteolytic breakdown of milk proteins and indication of protease secretion. The effect of various classes of inhibitors on the protease activities was determined. In ...
Biochemistry and biosynthesis of insect pigments
Biochemistry and biosynthesis of insect pigments

... Abstract. The functional role and commercial importance of insect pigments have been studied for well over a century. They are classified into those synthesized by insects, which include anthraquinones, aphins, pterins, tetrapyrroles, ommochromes, melanins and papiliochromes, and those sequestered f ...
file ini - Pusat Penelitian Biologi
file ini - Pusat Penelitian Biologi

... Subsequently, PSB is requisite for land reclamation and restoration to improve despoiled land since the genus has useful producing plant growth promoter, phosphorus availability to plant, and as the competitor of plant bacterial pathogen. In the preliminary work, the fastest growing and the widest c ...
Identifying Importance of Amino Acids for Protein
Identifying Importance of Amino Acids for Protein

... to reduce the problem to identifying the folding kinetics of a protein from its structures. The revolution in protein purification and structure-refining methods29–32 produced a large and constantly growing number of highquality protein crystal structures. The underlying assumption in these models i ...
Metabolism Review - Brookings School District
Metabolism Review - Brookings School District

... site of an enzyme after the substrate attaches so that it binds more snugly INDUCED FIT is called _____________ Essential knowledge 4.B.1: b. The shape of enzymes, active sites and interaction with specific molecules are essential for basic functioning of the enzyme. Essential knowledge 4.B.1: b 1. ...
Characterization of Low Molecular Weight Glutenin Subunits by
Characterization of Low Molecular Weight Glutenin Subunits by

... extenders (Kasarda 1989) in having at least two cysteines available to form intermolecular disulfide cross-links with other protein molecules. What then of the LMW-mr- and LMW-mh-type subunits we have found that have no cysteine at position 5 and the LMW-s-type subunits that also have no cysteine ne ...
Worm integumentary l-histidine transport
Worm integumentary l-histidine transport

... volume of isotope was added to ASW along with unlabelled L-histidine to achieve the desired labelled concentration. Stop Solutions at 0 °C, used to rinse the worms following an exposure to radiolabelled ASW and reduce nontransported isotope to a minimum, were made from the same salts used to prepare ...
Plant Mitochondrial Electron Transfer and Molecular
Plant Mitochondrial Electron Transfer and Molecular

... F,Fl-ATP synthase (Nicholls and Ferguson, 1992;Whitehouse and Moore, 1995).The combined oxidation of the reduced coenzymes by the electron transfer chain and the synthesis of ATP is referred to as oxidative phosphorylation(Nichollsand Ferguson, 1992). Aerobic respirationserves as the primary source ...
Isoelectric point prediction from the amino acid sequence of a protein
Isoelectric point prediction from the amino acid sequence of a protein

... phosphorylation which can alter the ...
Dietary Branched-chain Amino Acids Suppress the Expression of
Dietary Branched-chain Amino Acids Suppress the Expression of

... others of these cases were reported as inhibition of pY levels of IR under hyperglycemia and long-term stimulation of tumor necrosis factor ,30) or inhibition of pY levels of IRS-1 by phosphorylation of serine residue of IRS-1 under excess activation of mTOR.31–33) In exp. 1, there was no differenc ...
Anchoring of Surface Proteins to the Cell Wall of Staphylococcus
Anchoring of Surface Proteins to the Cell Wall of Staphylococcus

Plant Mitochondrial Electron Transfer and Molecular
Plant Mitochondrial Electron Transfer and Molecular

... F,Fl-ATP synthase (Nicholls and Ferguson, 1992;Whitehouse and Moore, 1995).The combined oxidation of the reduced coenzymes by the electron transfer chain and the synthesis of ATP is referred to as oxidative phosphorylation(Nichollsand Ferguson, 1992). Aerobic respirationserves as the primary source ...
Comparative Sequence Analysis of the Genomic Segment 6 of Four
Comparative Sequence Analysis of the Genomic Segment 6 of Four

... sequence through the cloned cDNA. One artefact observed is premature termination (bands in all sequencing lanes); however, carrying out the reverse transcriptase reaction at 50 °C or using different primers helps to eliminate this problem. The gene 6 of three strains, 1076, Gottfried and FI-14, cont ...
Distinct profiling of antimicrobial peptide families
Distinct profiling of antimicrobial peptide families

... 3. Finally, we retained those sequences that were composed only of uniquely defined canonical 20 amino acids (excluding all those with nonstandard letters B, Z, J, X, U and O). This produced 6740 non-AMP sequences. ...
Phosphate stabilizing compositions
Phosphate stabilizing compositions

... The compositions are synergistic because, although polyaspartic acids are not effective phosphate stabilizers, blending polyaspartic acid with known polymer phosphate inhibitors improves the performance of known phosphate stabilizers. This was surprising because polyaspartic acid alone does not have ...
H + - WordPress.com
H + - WordPress.com

... contract and expand The structural changes facilitate the binding of ADP and Pi to make ATP Each subunit goes through 3 stages Open State – releases any ATP Loose State – ADP and Pi molecules enter the subunit Tight State – the subunit contracts to bind molecules and make ATP ...
Metabolic Flux Analysis on the Production of Poly(3 - Wiley-VCH
Metabolic Flux Analysis on the Production of Poly(3 - Wiley-VCH

... mixed culture system was examined, in which glucose was converted to lactate by Lactobacillus delbrueckii and the lactate was converted to poly(3HB ) by R. eutropha (Katoh et al., 1999). To evaluate the effects of environmental conditions on cell growth and poly(3HB ) production, MFA was carried out ...
Thiamin (Vitamin B1): Beriberi
Thiamin (Vitamin B1): Beriberi

... • Involved in carbohydrate metabolism  catalyzes synthesis or cleavage of bonds between carbonyl carbons •Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex •Citric Acid Cycle •Pentose Phosphate Pathway ...
Feature-Based Classification of Amino Acid Substitutions outside
Feature-Based Classification of Amino Acid Substitutions outside

... localization and protein structural class [15]. On the other hand, ISM method based on electron ion interaction potential (EIIP) pattern conversion [16] has been successfully applied in functional annotation of AASs [17–20], as well as in the study of protein domains and their associations with dise ...
Regulation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex
Regulation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex

... All three sites were found to be phosphorylated in vivo to a different extent, with the maximum phosphorylation of site 1 and less phosphorylation of sites 2 and 3 [16]. Mutagenic studies with double mutant human PDHs having only a single site (1, 2 or 3) available for phosphorylation revealed that ...
m5zn_c04497c09413e2c
m5zn_c04497c09413e2c

... A. an enzyme in a pathway that controls the rate of the reaction B. speeds up a reaction by combining with an enzyme in the pathway C. removal of a peptide activates the enzyme D. some product binds to the first enzyme to limit the synthesis of product General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry ...
Cellular Respiration
Cellular Respiration

... •  When glucose is converted to carbon dioxide –  It loses hydrogen atoms, which are added to oxygen, producing water ...
Divergent evolution of the thiolase superfamily and chalcone
Divergent evolution of the thiolase superfamily and chalcone

... All thiolase superfamily enzymes have an active site Cys that acts as nucleophile and anchors the growing chain during condensation reactions. Thiolases also possess a conserved His that activates the Cys nucleophile (thus, CH diad) and another Cys that acts as a base and deprotonates the a-carbon o ...
- Atherosclerosis
- Atherosclerosis

Simple Models of the Protein Folding Problem
Simple Models of the Protein Folding Problem

... and regulation, and immune response. A protein consists of a chain of amino acids whose sequence is determined by the information in DNA/RNA. There are 20 natural amino acids nature uses to make up proteins. These differ in size and other physical and chemical properties. The most important differen ...
< 1 ... 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 ... 622 >

Amino acid synthesis

Amino acid synthesis is the set of biochemical processes (metabolic pathways) by which the various amino acids are produced from other compounds. The substrates for these processes are various compounds in the organism's diet or growth media. Not all organisms are able to synthesise all amino acids. Humans are excellent example of this, since humans can only synthesise 11 of the 20 standard amino acids (aka non-essential amino acid), and in time of accelerated growth, arginine, can be considered an essential amino acid.A fundamental problem for biological systems is to obtain nitrogen in an easily usable form. This problem is solved by certain microorganisms capable of reducing the inert N≡N molecule (nitrogen gas) to two molecules of ammonia in one of the most remarkable reactions in biochemistry. Ammonia is the source of nitrogen for all the amino acids. The carbon backbones come from the glycolytic pathway, the pentose phosphate pathway, or the citric acid cycle.In amino acid production, one encounters an important problem in biosynthesis, namely stereochemical control. Because all amino acids except glycine are chiral, biosynthetic pathways must generate the correct isomer with high fidelity. In each of the 19 pathways for the generation of chiral amino acids, the stereochemistry at the α-carbon atom is established by a transamination reaction that involves pyridoxal phosphate. Almost all the transaminases that catalyze these reactions descend from a common ancestor, illustrating once again that effective solutions to biochemical problems are retained throughout evolution.Biosynthetic pathways are often highly regulated such that building-blocks are synthesized only when supplies are low. Very often, a high concentration of the final product of a pathway inhibits the activity of enzymes that function early in the pathway. Often present are allosteric enzymes capable of sensing and responding to concentrations of regulatory species. These enzymes are similar in functional properties to aspartate transcarbamoylase and its regulators. Feedback and allosteric mechanisms ensure that all twenty amino acids are maintained in sufficient amounts for protein synthesis and other processes.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report