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Basics Pharmacology Review
Basics Pharmacology Review

... Assistant Professor, Dept of Family Medicine, University of Ottawa Clinical Pharmacist, Bruyere Academic Family Health Team March 2013 [email protected] (Partially adapted from slides by Marc Riachi, R.Ph.) ...
Synthetic marijuana and acute kidney injury: an
Synthetic marijuana and acute kidney injury: an

... renal dysfunction, biopsy was done in eight cases: 6 of 16 had acute tubular injury and 3 of 16 showed acute interstitial nephritis, 4 patients received corticosteroids and 5 required dialysis, there was no mortality ...
Distribution of GABAergic neurons and axon terminals in the
Distribution of GABAergic neurons and axon terminals in the

... of these immunoreactive elements may be dendritic processes or fibers cut in cross section, the vast majority are likely to be axon terminals, and we have chosen to apply this term to the punctate immunoreactive staining. In general, the GAD antiserum produced more robust staining of axon terminals ...
Fractalkine is a “find-me” signal released by neurons
Fractalkine is a “find-me” signal released by neurons

... modulate their clearance (Ravichandran and Lorenz, 2007), and the chemokine fractalkine has been described as one of many “find me” signals released by apoptotic cells (Truman et al., 2008). Fractalkine is a transmembrane chemokine that is cleaved constitutively by matrix metalloprotease ADAM10 and i ...
Retrieval of the diffuse attenuation coefficient Kd(λ)
Retrieval of the diffuse attenuation coefficient Kd(λ)

... Way to improve the estimation • Use of artificial neural networks Æ MultiLayer Perceptron (MLP) ...
The Neural Fate of Consciously Perceived and Missed Events in the
The Neural Fate of Consciously Perceived and Missed Events in the

... target (T1): subjects have no difficulties in reporting T2 when it is the only target to be detected (Joseph et al., 1997; Raymond et al., 1992). Thus, T2 can easily be singled out of an RSVP of distractor items, unless attention is engaged in processing a previously presented target (T1). These res ...
Stationary Bumps in Networks of Spiking Neurons
Stationary Bumps in Networks of Spiking Neurons

... and one solution if J is small enough. For I < 1 (excitatory neurons), equation 3.11 has one solution at u0 D 0 if J is too small and two solutions if J is large enough (See Figure 2, which shows the case J D 2.) These two states correspond to an “all-off” state and an “all-on” state, respectively. ...
Internal Medicine Morning Report
Internal Medicine Morning Report

... • Initial plasma glucose-lowering effect similar to growth hormone ...
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)

... patients with epilepsy; however not effective for the remaining 20-30% patients with the intractableseizures. These patients not responding to the classical anti epileptic therapy end up suffering from the refractory epilepsy, an entity that is associated with the considerable medical, social and ps ...
Somatodendritic dopamine release - Philosophical Transactions of
Somatodendritic dopamine release - Philosophical Transactions of

... review will emphasize recent findings that shed light on unresolved questions, including the role of volume transmission in somatodendritic DA transmission, mechanisms of somatodendritic DA release, the Ca2þ dependence of release, and regulation by autoreceptor and heteroreceptor activation. Althoug ...
How to recognise collateral damage in partial nerve injury models... pain Commentary
How to recognise collateral damage in partial nerve injury models... pain Commentary

... have identified various neurochemical alterations. For example, increases in levels of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) for several neuropeptides, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neuronal nitric oxide synthase have been reported [5,15], as well as changes involving a subunits of voltage-gated sodi ...
Blunted Brain Energy Consumption Relates to Insula
Blunted Brain Energy Consumption Relates to Insula

... of Neurology, UCL, London, U.K.) implemented in MATLAB 7.6 software (MathWorks, Sherborn, MA) and the VBM8 toolbox. Images were registered after applying a probabilistic framework using linear (12-parameter affine) and nonlinear transformations (warping). Subsequently, images were tissue-classified an ...
adult rat spinal cord culture on an organosilane surface in
adult rat spinal cord culture on an organosilane surface in

... and glial cells. We are using different cell separation techniques to isolate different cell types of the adult spinal cord and study their respective physiology. One of the challenging issues in such an in vitro cell culture model is to reduce the amount of cellular debris during cell plating. The ...
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Lidocaine

... •It produces dissosiative anaesthesia (sedation, amnesia, dissosiation, analgesia). •Ketamine can cause hallucinations and unpleasant, brightly coloured dreams in 15% of ...
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GHB Do You Know... What is it?

... With GHB it’s easy to take too much, or overdose. Deaths have been reported. When GHB is taken with alcohol or other drugs, the effects are more intense, and the risk of toxic effects and overdose increases. GHB-related deaths usually involve other drugs, such as alcohol. GHB is a potent sedative, c ...
The Location and Function of NMDA Receptors in Cat
The Location and Function of NMDA Receptors in Cat

... stable enough to study at the time of the experiment. After offline analysis, 125 cells met the criteria for response stability, showed adequate recovery (see Materials and Methods), and could be clearly assigned to a particular cortical layer: these cells are the subject of this report. It usually ...
striatum
striatum

... Ventral striatum Ventral pallidum / subst. Nigra Thalamus (mediodorsal nc.) – Prefrontal cortex Circuit might be crucial for the learning and executionof reward – related behavior ...
Switching from automatic to controlled behavior: cortico - lsr
Switching from automatic to controlled behavior: cortico - lsr

... (LPFC) [14,15], which is thought to play an executive role in procedure implementation. An alternative pathway might be the connections to the striatum [16], which is equipped with mechanisms for behavioral selection [17]. The role of the ACC–striatum connection is perhaps supported by the finding t ...
Sonographic Evaluation of the Fetal Central
Sonographic Evaluation of the Fetal Central

... • the anterior and posterior portion of the lateral ventricles • the cavum septi pellucidi (CSP): a fluid filled cavity between two thin membranes • late gestation: membranes usually fuse and become the septum pellucidum • CSP becomes visible around 16 weeks and undergoes obliteration near term • Fa ...
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Skeletal System

... motor activities Nearly spinal nerves and many cranial nerves contain both somatic and autonomic fibers Most of the body’s adaptations to changing internal and external conditions involve both skeletal activity and enhanced response of visceral organs ...
Handout
Handout

... made up of cells known as neurons (and their supportive cells – glia and microglia). Adult brains have about 100 million neurons and considerably more glial cells.  Like (almost) all cells, neurons have a nucleus that contains virtually all of the body’s encoded genetic information (an important po ...
Zoology 242 Anatomy of Nervous systems Lecture 8
Zoology 242 Anatomy of Nervous systems Lecture 8

... • Has a synapse between neurons that is peripherally located (i.e. outside the CNS). • Synapses occur in autonomic ganglia. • The sympathetic ganglia segmentally arranged are called paravertebral ganglia (next to the vertebrae), also called sympathetic chain ganglia. • Parasympathetic ganglia are lo ...
Aromatic-turmerone induces neural stem cell proliferation in vitro
Aromatic-turmerone induces neural stem cell proliferation in vitro

... brain and propagated in cell culture. These cells can be harvested and transplanted into or close to a lesion in a recipient’s brain (54, 55). There they are able to differentiate into all three cell fates, integrate into the brain structure and show long term survival (33, 50). It is important to c ...
ISMP Medication Safety Alert
ISMP Medication Safety Alert

... iteminvolves oneor moremedications on theISMPList of High-Alert Medications. TheAction Agendais alsoavailablefor download in aWord format (www.ismp.org/Newsletters/acutecare/articles/ActionAgenda0903.doc) that allows expansion of the columns in thetabledesignated for organizational documentation of ...
PRODUCT MONOGRAPH
PRODUCT MONOGRAPH

... systematically evaluated in patients with a seizure disorder. Serotonin Syndrome or Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS)-Like Reactions As with other serotonergic agents, serotonin syndrome or Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS)-like reactions, a potentially life-threatening condition, have been re ...
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Neuropsychopharmacology

Neuropsychopharmacology, an interdisciplinary science related to psychopharmacology (how drugs affect the mind) and fundamental neuroscience, is the study of the neural mechanisms that drugs act upon to influence behavior. It entails research of mechanisms of neuropathology, pharmacodynamics (drug action), psychiatric illness, and states of consciousness. These studies are instigated at the detailed level involving neurotransmission/receptor activity, bio-chemical processes, and neural circuitry. Neuropsychopharmacology supersedes psychopharmacology in the areas of ""how"" and ""why"", and additionally addresses other issues of brain function. Accordingly, the clinical aspect of the field includes psychiatric (psychoactive) as well as neurologic (non-psychoactive) pharmacology-based treatments.Developments in neuropsychopharmacology may directly impact the studies of anxiety disorders, affective disorders, psychotic disorders, degenerative disorders, eating behavior, and sleep behavior.The way fundamental processes of the brain are being discovered is creating a field on par with other “hard sciences” such as chemistry, biology, and physics, so that eventually it may be possible to repair mental illness with ultimate precision. An analogy can be drawn between the brain and an electronic device: neuropsychopharmacology is tantamount to revealing not only the schematic diagram, but the individual components, and every principle of their operation. The bank of amassed detail and complexity involved is huge; mere samples of some of the details are given in this article.
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