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Axonal wiring of guanylate cyclase-D
Axonal wiring of guanylate cyclase-D

... The main and accessory olfactory systems of the mouse detect a large variety of chemical stimuli from the external environment. Chemoreception is mediated by several types of receptor molecules that are expressed by specialized sensory neurons (Axel, 2005; Buck, 2005; Mombaerts, 2004). The informati ...
neuroregulatory effects of nicotine
neuroregulatory effects of nicotine

... responses, and overt behavior such as nicotine self-administration and free-field activity. For ease of presentation, effects on single neuroregulators will be emphasized, but it is important to note that there are extensive interrelationships among these substances (Meites & Sonntag, 1981; Tuomisto ...
Clinical Pharmacology of Opioids for Pain - Weill
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... pain populations is beyond the scope of this review, but is well covered elsewhere in this supplement. OPIOID ANALGESICS The opioid analgesics are characterized by their important pharmacologic differences, which are derived from their complex interactions with three opioid receptor types (␮, ␦, and ...
Sensing Limb Movements in the Motor Cortex: How Humans Sense
Sensing Limb Movements in the Motor Cortex: How Humans Sense

... areas that receive and process the kinesthetic afferent inputs. By taking advantage of kinesthetic illusions, one may depict brain areas that are related to human kinesthesia with neither overt limb movements nor intention of limb movements. Because there are no overt limb movements during illusions ...
Balanced Excitatory and Inhibitory Inputs to Cortical Neurons
Balanced Excitatory and Inhibitory Inputs to Cortical Neurons

... greatly, irregular neuronal firing makes it difficult to estimate instantaneous firing rates accurately. If, however, the irregularity of spike timing is decoupled from rate modulations, the estimate of firing rate can be improved. Here, we introduce a novel coding scheme to make the firing irregula ...
New psychoactive substances in Europe - Emcdda
New psychoactive substances in Europe - Emcdda

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The Interpretation of Libet`s Results on the Timing of Conscious
The Interpretation of Libet`s Results on the Timing of Conscious

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Layer IV of the primary somatosensory cortex has the highest
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Demystifying Analytical Approaches for Urine Drug Testing to
Demystifying Analytical Approaches for Urine Drug Testing to

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DESIGNING AND COMPUTATIONAL STUDY OF SOME NOVEL LAMIVUDINE ANALOGUES AS

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Reporting Drug Concentrations: Mass or Molar Units?
Reporting Drug Concentrations: Mass or Molar Units?

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Antennal Mechanosensory Neurons Mediate Wing Motor Reflexes
Antennal Mechanosensory Neurons Mediate Wing Motor Reflexes

... expression in individual flies, we inspected each fly’s brain after the experiment using a 2-photon microscope and confirmed that EGFPlabeled JO neurons are not present, but EGFP signal could be detected in other central neurons driven by the JO-AB/JO-CE GAL4 driver. In these experiments, the progen ...
$doc.title

... neuroscience,   and   equip   you   with   the   tools   to   extrapolate   this   knowledge   into   areas   that   are  not  covered  by  the  course.  At  the  end  of  this  module  you  should  be  able  to  read  and   understan ...
Caudal Topographic Nucleus Isthmi and the Rostra1
Caudal Topographic Nucleus Isthmi and the Rostra1

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Article PDF - Epidemiology and Health
Article PDF - Epidemiology and Health

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Poly(A) Binding Protein Nuclear 1 regulates the
Poly(A) Binding Protein Nuclear 1 regulates the

... whether Pabpn1 itself may be regulated by the bicuculline treatment we measured Pabpn1 mRNA expression levels with in situ hybridization (using probes directed against the Pabpn1 coding sequence probe as well as qPCR (Figure 5B, C). In both cases we detected no change in Pabpn1 expression levels fol ...
WHO Guide lines Inner soreads
WHO Guide lines Inner soreads

... the twentieth World Health Assembly adopted a resolution to start a project on the feasibility of an international system of monitoring adverse reactions to drugs. This resolution was the basis of WHOÕs Programme on International Drug Monitoring. At this moment more than fifty countries participate ...
Read Neuroglia
Read Neuroglia

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Projections of the paraventricular and paratenial nuclei
Projections of the paraventricular and paratenial nuclei

... To our knowledge, only a single report (Moga et al., 1995) has examined the general distribution of PV projections “with special emphasis on the projections to the hypothalamus and amygdala.” Focusing on circadian circuitry, Moga et al. (1995) described PV projections to the suprachiasmatic nucleus ...
Ocular Myasthenia Gravis: Past, Present, and Future
Ocular Myasthenia Gravis: Past, Present, and Future

... Prednisone • OMG: good response • Maintain high dose ~ 3 months or stable • Lowest effective dose – once determined alternate day therapy – majority need indefinitely ...
Intro to systemic enzyme therapy
Intro to systemic enzyme therapy

... the cost which can run into millions of dollars and unlike a synthetic pharmaceutical product which can enjoy patent protection there is no such protection with natural products. Another reason is science is moving very fast in the area of supplementation. The understanding of nutrition both interna ...
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Neuropsychopharmacology

Neuropsychopharmacology, an interdisciplinary science related to psychopharmacology (how drugs affect the mind) and fundamental neuroscience, is the study of the neural mechanisms that drugs act upon to influence behavior. It entails research of mechanisms of neuropathology, pharmacodynamics (drug action), psychiatric illness, and states of consciousness. These studies are instigated at the detailed level involving neurotransmission/receptor activity, bio-chemical processes, and neural circuitry. Neuropsychopharmacology supersedes psychopharmacology in the areas of ""how"" and ""why"", and additionally addresses other issues of brain function. Accordingly, the clinical aspect of the field includes psychiatric (psychoactive) as well as neurologic (non-psychoactive) pharmacology-based treatments.Developments in neuropsychopharmacology may directly impact the studies of anxiety disorders, affective disorders, psychotic disorders, degenerative disorders, eating behavior, and sleep behavior.The way fundamental processes of the brain are being discovered is creating a field on par with other “hard sciences” such as chemistry, biology, and physics, so that eventually it may be possible to repair mental illness with ultimate precision. An analogy can be drawn between the brain and an electronic device: neuropsychopharmacology is tantamount to revealing not only the schematic diagram, but the individual components, and every principle of their operation. The bank of amassed detail and complexity involved is huge; mere samples of some of the details are given in this article.
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