Slides
... Alkylation of 1,3-Dithianes Protons on the carbon between the sulfur atoms of a 1,3-dithiane are moderately acidic l Strong bases convert the dithiane to its anion ...
... Alkylation of 1,3-Dithianes Protons on the carbon between the sulfur atoms of a 1,3-dithiane are moderately acidic l Strong bases convert the dithiane to its anion ...
PPT file
... Unlike the molecules on the previous page, acetals and ketals are stable in base. They won’t collapse to carbonyl groups except in the presence of acid and water. This is very useful… ...
... Unlike the molecules on the previous page, acetals and ketals are stable in base. They won’t collapse to carbonyl groups except in the presence of acid and water. This is very useful… ...
Organic Chemistry 25.2 Introduction to Hydrocarbons
... Chapter 25 The Chemistry of Life: Organic Chemistry 25.1 Some General Characteristics of Organic Molecules Organic chemistry is The structures of organic molecules The shapes of organic and biochemical molecules are important in determining their physical and chemical properties. Consider carbon: ...
... Chapter 25 The Chemistry of Life: Organic Chemistry 25.1 Some General Characteristics of Organic Molecules Organic chemistry is The structures of organic molecules The shapes of organic and biochemical molecules are important in determining their physical and chemical properties. Consider carbon: ...
Rxns of Alkynes
... c. easly get aldehyde 5. Hydrogenation a. usually can’t stop at alkene b. can stop only if using “poison” catalyst (Lindlar catalyst) c. get cis alkene for syn addition with Lindlar d. to get trans, use Na or Li in liquid ammonia (-78ºC) e. this is radical addition ...
... c. easly get aldehyde 5. Hydrogenation a. usually can’t stop at alkene b. can stop only if using “poison” catalyst (Lindlar catalyst) c. get cis alkene for syn addition with Lindlar d. to get trans, use Na or Li in liquid ammonia (-78ºC) e. this is radical addition ...
Practice Exam 4 - BioChemWeb.net
... 1. (20 pts.) Circle the correct answer. a. Which compound has the lowest pKa for dissociation of an proton? O ...
... 1. (20 pts.) Circle the correct answer. a. Which compound has the lowest pKa for dissociation of an proton? O ...
Aldehydes and Ketones
... Generally, the hemiacetals and acetals are only a minor component of an equilibrium mixture. In order to favor formation of acetals the carbonyl compound and alcohol is reacted with acid in the absence of water. Dry HCl) The acetals or hemiacetals maybe converted back to the carbonyl compound by tre ...
... Generally, the hemiacetals and acetals are only a minor component of an equilibrium mixture. In order to favor formation of acetals the carbonyl compound and alcohol is reacted with acid in the absence of water. Dry HCl) The acetals or hemiacetals maybe converted back to the carbonyl compound by tre ...
15 - MSU Chemistry
... NaOH (pKa of water about 16) removes the proton from PhSH (pKa about 7) rapidly as this is a proton transfer between electronegative atoms. Clearly the methyl group must be transfe ...
... NaOH (pKa of water about 16) removes the proton from PhSH (pKa about 7) rapidly as this is a proton transfer between electronegative atoms. Clearly the methyl group must be transfe ...
Lecture 14a - UCLA Chemistry and Biochemistry
... Solvent: DMSO (cannot be used in Chem 30CL), PTC conditions, solid state reaction An one-pot reaction is not advisable here because the reactants, the intermediate and the product are very difficult to separate from each other (anhydrous ZnI2 is not available!) The Corey-Chaykovsky reagent can ...
... Solvent: DMSO (cannot be used in Chem 30CL), PTC conditions, solid state reaction An one-pot reaction is not advisable here because the reactants, the intermediate and the product are very difficult to separate from each other (anhydrous ZnI2 is not available!) The Corey-Chaykovsky reagent can ...
- Benjamin
... Ozone adds to the alkene via a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition, forming a molozonide. It then undergoes a retro-1,3-dipolar cycloaddition to a ketone and a carbonyl oxide, the so-called Criegee intermediate. This intermediate then reacts with itself by another 1,3 cycloaddition to yield a trioxolane. The ...
... Ozone adds to the alkene via a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition, forming a molozonide. It then undergoes a retro-1,3-dipolar cycloaddition to a ketone and a carbonyl oxide, the so-called Criegee intermediate. This intermediate then reacts with itself by another 1,3 cycloaddition to yield a trioxolane. The ...
Chemdraw B&W - Pennsylvania State University
... • Decarboxylation requires a carbonyl group two atoms away from the CO2H • The second carbonyl permit delocalization of the resulting enol • The reaction can be rationalized by an internal acidbase reaction ...
... • Decarboxylation requires a carbonyl group two atoms away from the CO2H • The second carbonyl permit delocalization of the resulting enol • The reaction can be rationalized by an internal acidbase reaction ...
aldehyde ketone
... Due to the polarity of the C=O bond, a permanent dipole moment exists in aldehydes and ketones (dipole-dipole forces). Thus, the MP/BP of aldehydes and ketones is mid-range – higher than that of alkanes or alkenes (London forces) but lower than that of alcohols (hydrogen bonds). Nomenclature – IUPAC ...
... Due to the polarity of the C=O bond, a permanent dipole moment exists in aldehydes and ketones (dipole-dipole forces). Thus, the MP/BP of aldehydes and ketones is mid-range – higher than that of alkanes or alkenes (London forces) but lower than that of alcohols (hydrogen bonds). Nomenclature – IUPAC ...
Carbonyl Alpha-Substitution Reactions
... • Malonic ester (diethyl propanedioate) is easily converted into its enolate ion by reaction with sodium ethoxide in ethanol • The enolate is a good nucleophile that reacts rapidly with an alkyl halide to give an -substituted malonic ester ...
... • Malonic ester (diethyl propanedioate) is easily converted into its enolate ion by reaction with sodium ethoxide in ethanol • The enolate is a good nucleophile that reacts rapidly with an alkyl halide to give an -substituted malonic ester ...
Oxidation of alcohols and aldehydes
... potassium dichromate written above the arrow like this: K2Cr2O7/H2SO4 2. The reactants are the alcohol and “[O]” symbolising the oxidation agent 3. Heat is always needed ...
... potassium dichromate written above the arrow like this: K2Cr2O7/H2SO4 2. The reactants are the alcohol and “[O]” symbolising the oxidation agent 3. Heat is always needed ...
Organic Reactions
... formation of ion The first step is the attraction of the electrophile (Hydrogen ion) to the electrons in the pi bond. This forms a carbocation. The carbocation that is more substituted (has more carbons attached to it) is the most stable. The negatively charged halogen (nucleophile) adds to the carb ...
... formation of ion The first step is the attraction of the electrophile (Hydrogen ion) to the electrons in the pi bond. This forms a carbocation. The carbocation that is more substituted (has more carbons attached to it) is the most stable. The negatively charged halogen (nucleophile) adds to the carb ...
Chapter 7
... • Only the carbocation rearranges, so dehydration of primary alcohols can not have rearrangements since they are E2 and not carbocation is formed! • However, as we will see in Ch 8, the alkene product can react with the acid by using its pi electrons to abstract a proton from an acid forming a carbo ...
... • Only the carbocation rearranges, so dehydration of primary alcohols can not have rearrangements since they are E2 and not carbocation is formed! • However, as we will see in Ch 8, the alkene product can react with the acid by using its pi electrons to abstract a proton from an acid forming a carbo ...
Ch 19 Aldehydes and Ketones
... 2. Number the C’s in the parent, starting with as the end that is closest to carbonyl as #1, such as 2-pentanone. 3. If RCO is the substituent on a ring, it is an acyl group. For instance, CH3CO is an acetyl group. 4. If there are two internal carbonyls, the compound is a dione, such as 2,4-pentaned ...
... 2. Number the C’s in the parent, starting with as the end that is closest to carbonyl as #1, such as 2-pentanone. 3. If RCO is the substituent on a ring, it is an acyl group. For instance, CH3CO is an acetyl group. 4. If there are two internal carbonyls, the compound is a dione, such as 2,4-pentaned ...
Objective Reaction Type Structural Feature How to figure out how reactants react?
... Lone pair on O is Nu:- ==> reacts with Electrophiles (H+). ...
... Lone pair on O is Nu:- ==> reacts with Electrophiles (H+). ...
Chapter 1 Structure and Bonding
... Very polar bond, metal is very electropositive a) Opposite of usual situation for carbon, as in Haloalkanes b) Treat the molecule like R- = Carbanion c) Resonance forms ...
... Very polar bond, metal is very electropositive a) Opposite of usual situation for carbon, as in Haloalkanes b) Treat the molecule like R- = Carbanion c) Resonance forms ...
