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Contents and Concepts Learning Objectives

... • Fractional Precipitation • Fractional precipitation is the technique of separating two or more ions from a solution by adding a reactant that precipitates first one ion, then another ion, and so forth. • The solubility of an insoluble salt can be manipulated by adding a species that reacts with ei ...
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Nucleophilic acyl substitution



Nucleophilic acyl substitution describe a class of substitution reactions involving nucleophiles and acyl compounds. In this type of reaction, a nucleophile – such as an alcohol, amine, or enolate – displaces the leaving group of an acyl derivative – such as an acid halide, anhydride, or ester. The resulting product is a carbonyl-containing compound in which the nucleophile has taken the place of the leaving group present in the original acyl derivative. Because acyl derivatives react with a wide variety of nucleophiles, and because the product can depend on the particular type of acyl derivative and nucleophile involved, nucleophilic acyl substitution reactions can be used to synthesize a variety of different products.
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