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Biblical Astrophysics - The Call of the Bride
Biblical Astrophysics - The Call of the Bride

... (Amos 8:8-9) The earth will tremble for your deeds, and everyone will mourn. The ground will rise like the Nile River at floodtime; it will heave up, then sink again. "In that day," says the Sovereign LORD, "I will make the sun go down at noon and darken the earth while it is still day. (The Earth's ...
The Life CyCLe of STarS - Origins
The Life CyCLe of STarS - Origins

... tars are a primary example that our universe is dynamic. Stars are not the same forever; they go through a complete life cycle. The scientific model of a stellar life cycle is very solid, explaining many observations and successfully predicting the properties of new stars and star clusters that are ...
New science on the young sun, and Earth migration
New science on the young sun, and Earth migration

... perfect circle. The moon is also nearly circular in its orbit, with an eccentricity of only 0.055. Such a low eccentricity for Venus does not seem to suggest a significant catastrophic event in the past. However, note that the orbital eccentricity is not a constant. For our moon, it is possible past ...
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Planets - learnfactsquick.com

... mass: 3.30e23 kg In Roman mythology Mercury is the god of commerce, travel and thievery, the Roman counterpart of the Greek god Hermes, the messenger of the Gods. The planet probably received this name because it moves so quickly across the sky. Mercury has been known since at least the time of the ...
How Is a Star`s Color Related to Its Temperature?
How Is a Star`s Color Related to Its Temperature?

... On a clear night you have surely noticed that some stars are brighter than others. But stars also have different colors. Rigel is blue, and Betelgeuse is red. Capella and our sun are yellow. In this activity you will make your own HertzsprungRussell diagram. You will see how star brightness, color, ...
Hertzsprung2 - courses.psu.edu
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Massive Stars - University of Washington

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sc_examII_fall_2002 - University of Maryland

... D. a few thousand miles away. E. at the Moon’s distance. 13. A planetary nebula, like the Ring Nebula shown in class, is A. evidence that planets exist around other stars. B. gas that is about to collapse and form planets. C. a giant molecular cloud that is about to form new stars. D. a very dense ...
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... advanced civilizations, but we can look for the physical and chemical signs of fundamental life processes: “biosignatures.” Beyond the solar system, astronomers have discovered more than 200 worlds orbiting other stars, socalled extrasolar planets. Although we have not been able to tell whether thes ...
The Solar System
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... Phobos ("FOH bus") is the larger and innermost of Mars' two moons. Phobos is Greek for “fear.”Phobos is closer to its primary than any other moon in the solar system, less than 6000 km above the surface of Mars. It is also one of the smallest moons in the solar system. ...
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... In fact, the temperature increase only depends on the power consumption of the device. If, for example, the fridge consumes 100 watts of power, and you replace it with a 100 watt room heater, the temperature increase in the room would be exactly the same, even if a fridge is supposed to cool and a h ...
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Earth in the Universe Answer each in your binder or notebook. Date

... Structures in the universe are grouped into large systems, each of which are made up of smaller systems. Which of the following is the largest system of which Earth is only a very small part? A. Jovian planets B. Halley’s comet C. Milky Way galaxy D. Orion’s belt ...
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Gravitation and Orbital Motion

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... Temp. ~ 25,000 K Luminosity ~ 0.01 Lsun ...
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Planetary habitability



Planetary habitability is the measure of a planet's or a natural satellite's potential to develop and sustain life. Life may develop directly on a planet or satellite or be transferred to it from another body, a theoretical process known as panspermia. As the existence of life beyond Earth is unknown, planetary habitability is largely an extrapolation of conditions on Earth and the characteristics of the Sun and Solar System which appear favourable to life's flourishing—in particular those factors that have sustained complex, multicellular organisms and not just simpler, unicellular creatures. Research and theory in this regard is a component of planetary science and the emerging discipline of astrobiology.An absolute requirement for life is an energy source, and the notion of planetary habitability implies that many other geophysical, geochemical, and astrophysical criteria must be met before an astronomical body can support life. In its astrobiology roadmap, NASA has defined the principal habitability criteria as ""extended regions of liquid water, conditions favourable for the assembly of complex organic molecules, and energy sources to sustain metabolism.""In determining the habitability potential of a body, studies focus on its bulk composition, orbital properties, atmosphere, and potential chemical interactions. Stellar characteristics of importance include mass and luminosity, stable variability, and high metallicity. Rocky, terrestrial-type planets and moons with the potential for Earth-like chemistry are a primary focus of astrobiological research, although more speculative habitability theories occasionally examine alternative biochemistries and other types of astronomical bodies.The idea that planets beyond Earth might host life is an ancient one, though historically it was framed by philosophy as much as physical science. The late 20th century saw two breakthroughs in the field. The observation and robotic spacecraft exploration of other planets and moons within the Solar System has provided critical information on defining habitability criteria and allowed for substantial geophysical comparisons between the Earth and other bodies. The discovery of extrasolar planets, beginning in the early 1990s and accelerating thereafter, has provided further information for the study of possible extraterrestrial life. These findings confirm that the Sun is not unique among stars in hosting planets and expands the habitability research horizon beyond the Solar System.The chemistry of life may have begun shortly after the Big Bang, 13.8 billion years ago, during a habitable epoch when the Universe was only 10–17 million years old. According to the panspermia hypothesis, microscopic life—distributed by meteoroids, asteroids and other small Solar System bodies—may exist throughout the universe. Nonetheless, Earth is the only place in the universe known to harbor life. Estimates of habitable zones around other stars, along with the discovery of hundreds of extrasolar planets and new insights into the extreme habitats here on Earth, suggest that there may be many more habitable places in the universe than considered possible until very recently. On 4 November 2013, astronomers reported, based on Kepler space mission data, that there could be as many as 40 billion Earth-sized planets orbiting in the habitable zones of Sun-like stars and red dwarfs within the Milky Way. 11 billion of these estimated planets may be orbiting Sun-like stars. The nearest such planet may be 12 light-years away, according to the scientists.
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