Nonlinear Tides in Exoplanet Host Stars - CIERA
... If true, orbit decay is ongoing, even for Gyr old planets. we happen to be able to see planets “just before they fall in”. More on this later…. ...
... If true, orbit decay is ongoing, even for Gyr old planets. we happen to be able to see planets “just before they fall in”. More on this later…. ...
Key Notes for Test 1
... i.e. E (Joules m-2 s-1 ) = T4 and equating the Total energy in from the Sun with the Total energy emitted by the Earth to space as IR radiation i.e., the Total energy received from Sun = (Solar Constant ) x cross sectional area of planet (i.e. R2) = Total IR out from Earth But Total IR out = IR ou ...
... i.e. E (Joules m-2 s-1 ) = T4 and equating the Total energy in from the Sun with the Total energy emitted by the Earth to space as IR radiation i.e., the Total energy received from Sun = (Solar Constant ) x cross sectional area of planet (i.e. R2) = Total IR out from Earth But Total IR out = IR ou ...
The Ancient Mystery of the Planets
... means that a planet travels faster when it is nearer to the Sun and slower when it is farther from the Sun. ...
... means that a planet travels faster when it is nearer to the Sun and slower when it is farther from the Sun. ...
update : Feb.27,2014
... functions we do not yet understand, yet this strand of material contains all the information to recreate a copy of the individual from whom it is extracted, through millions of replications with an amazingly few errors produced. It is an extraordinarily well designed system to produce the variety of ...
... functions we do not yet understand, yet this strand of material contains all the information to recreate a copy of the individual from whom it is extracted, through millions of replications with an amazingly few errors produced. It is an extraordinarily well designed system to produce the variety of ...
6._Motions_in_Solar_System_student
... means that a planet travels faster when it is nearer to the Sun and slower when it is farther from the Sun. ...
... means that a planet travels faster when it is nearer to the Sun and slower when it is farther from the Sun. ...
Solar System: ground-based
... • Free-floating/isolated exo-planets and brown dwarfs => formation from disk or fragmenting cloud? – VLT/JWST searches in/near star-forming regions (younger objects have larger luminosities) ...
... • Free-floating/isolated exo-planets and brown dwarfs => formation from disk or fragmenting cloud? – VLT/JWST searches in/near star-forming regions (younger objects have larger luminosities) ...
April 1st
... • More massive stars do contain more hydrogen than smaller stars • However, the more massive stars have higher luminosities so they are using up their fuel at a much quicker rate than smaller stars ...
... • More massive stars do contain more hydrogen than smaller stars • However, the more massive stars have higher luminosities so they are using up their fuel at a much quicker rate than smaller stars ...
Stars - Robert M. Hazen
... UNIV 301 Great Idea: The Sun and other stars use nuclear fusion reactions to convert mass into energy. Eventually, when a star’s nuclear fuel is depleted, the star must burn out. ...
... UNIV 301 Great Idea: The Sun and other stars use nuclear fusion reactions to convert mass into energy. Eventually, when a star’s nuclear fuel is depleted, the star must burn out. ...
Homework October 24-28
... discovered by Edward Hubble, is A) entropy B) expansion C) radiation D) redshift 3. Based on data collected from many different sources, such as the Hubble telescope and The Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP), scientists have been able to show that about 75% of the universe is composed of d ...
... discovered by Edward Hubble, is A) entropy B) expansion C) radiation D) redshift 3. Based on data collected from many different sources, such as the Hubble telescope and The Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP), scientists have been able to show that about 75% of the universe is composed of d ...
1. The Sun has a surface temperature of about 6000 K.
... The inner planets are made of rocks and metals. The outer planets also have ices and gasses. Only rocks and metals were solids near the Sun, so the planetesimals were made of rocks and metals. Out farther, ices could freeze onto the dust grains, so they got included in the planetesimals. In addition ...
... The inner planets are made of rocks and metals. The outer planets also have ices and gasses. Only rocks and metals were solids near the Sun, so the planetesimals were made of rocks and metals. Out farther, ices could freeze onto the dust grains, so they got included in the planetesimals. In addition ...
and Concept Self-test (1,2,3,5,6,7,8,9)
... brightness using at few as two frequency measurements. Table at right “V” is measured using “visible” light range (490-590 nm) and “B” blue line sees only “blue” light from 380-480 nm. Star “A”is Rigel, where it is very hot, (30,000 K) so more blue light than yellow. Star (c) is like Betelguese, hav ...
... brightness using at few as two frequency measurements. Table at right “V” is measured using “visible” light range (490-590 nm) and “B” blue line sees only “blue” light from 380-480 nm. Star “A”is Rigel, where it is very hot, (30,000 K) so more blue light than yellow. Star (c) is like Betelguese, hav ...
Why the sun is important too!
... regulates our sleep/wake cycle and triggers our bodies for activity or restful sleep. 4. Warmth Life on this planet would not be possible without the warmth that the sun provides. Mercury and Venus have temperatures much hotter than most earthly organisms could handle. If any water existed on these ...
... regulates our sleep/wake cycle and triggers our bodies for activity or restful sleep. 4. Warmth Life on this planet would not be possible without the warmth that the sun provides. Mercury and Venus have temperatures much hotter than most earthly organisms could handle. If any water existed on these ...
ppt
... Most transiting planets tend to be inflated. Approximately 68% of all transiting planets have radii larger than 1.1 RJup. ...
... Most transiting planets tend to be inflated. Approximately 68% of all transiting planets have radii larger than 1.1 RJup. ...
AST 207 Test 2 26 October 2011
... The sun will be a main-sequence star for 10 Byr, and then it becomes a giant, which engulfs Earth. Therefore the sun will stay small for another 5 Byr. b. (2 pts.) Why does the helium in the core of the sun not fuse at the present time? (1 pt.) When that helium does fuse eventually, what will the he ...
... The sun will be a main-sequence star for 10 Byr, and then it becomes a giant, which engulfs Earth. Therefore the sun will stay small for another 5 Byr. b. (2 pts.) Why does the helium in the core of the sun not fuse at the present time? (1 pt.) When that helium does fuse eventually, what will the he ...
The Universe
... under its own gravity. As the outer layers contract, they heat up. This triggers the fusion of the remaining hydrogen. The increased energy output in the outer layers causes them to expand. The star increases massively in size, becoming a red giant. 10 of 12 ...
... under its own gravity. As the outer layers contract, they heat up. This triggers the fusion of the remaining hydrogen. The increased energy output in the outer layers causes them to expand. The star increases massively in size, becoming a red giant. 10 of 12 ...
Planets or other objects orbiting a star are accelerating
... Gravity, Orbits, and Kepler’s Laws 1. Original Earth & Sun a. ________________________________________ ...
... Gravity, Orbits, and Kepler’s Laws 1. Original Earth & Sun a. ________________________________________ ...
Star in a Box Worksheet - Beginning with solutions
... 1. What stages of their lives are the two stars in? Deneb is between the main sequence and the Hertzsprung Gap. Betelgeuse is between the Hertzsprung Gap and core helium burning. 2. How long does each star have to live? D eneb has about 1 million years left to live and Betelgeuse has about 400 th ...
... 1. What stages of their lives are the two stars in? Deneb is between the main sequence and the Hertzsprung Gap. Betelgeuse is between the Hertzsprung Gap and core helium burning. 2. How long does each star have to live? D eneb has about 1 million years left to live and Betelgeuse has about 400 th ...
PLANETARY MOTIONS
... which moved with respect to the “fixed stars.” There were seven known planets in ancient times: Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, the Sun, and the Moon. All other celestial objects were fixed stars and moved together - their positions with respect to one another did not change. Planetary motion ...
... which moved with respect to the “fixed stars.” There were seven known planets in ancient times: Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, the Sun, and the Moon. All other celestial objects were fixed stars and moved together - their positions with respect to one another did not change. Planetary motion ...
Revolutions of Earth
... the motion of the planets. Johannes Kepler solved the problem a short time later when he determined that the planets moved around the Sun in ellipses (ovals), not circles ( Figure 1.2). Kepler’s model matched observations perfectly. Animation of Kepler’s Laws of Planetary Motion: http://projects.ast ...
... the motion of the planets. Johannes Kepler solved the problem a short time later when he determined that the planets moved around the Sun in ellipses (ovals), not circles ( Figure 1.2). Kepler’s model matched observations perfectly. Animation of Kepler’s Laws of Planetary Motion: http://projects.ast ...
36040345-1 - Space Medicine Association
... Even an insufferably hot surface temperature does not rule out the possibility that a moderate temperature zone may exist above or below this plane. Of all the planets Venus is our closest neighbor, being "only" about 40 million kilometers away. The fact that Venus is nearly the same size as the ear ...
... Even an insufferably hot surface temperature does not rule out the possibility that a moderate temperature zone may exist above or below this plane. Of all the planets Venus is our closest neighbor, being "only" about 40 million kilometers away. The fact that Venus is nearly the same size as the ear ...
15.6 Planets Beyond the Solar System
... method (and most other methods) miss planets far from their stars, so can’t tell how common systems like ours are. The detection of Earth-like planets is the “holy grail” of planet detection. Earth-mass planets should be discovered soon from orbiting transit observatories CoRoT and Kepler. The trans ...
... method (and most other methods) miss planets far from their stars, so can’t tell how common systems like ours are. The detection of Earth-like planets is the “holy grail” of planet detection. Earth-mass planets should be discovered soon from orbiting transit observatories CoRoT and Kepler. The trans ...
The Life of a Star
... life of a low-mass star and that of a star 10 times the Sun’s mass. Low-mass stars cool down and swell up into a red giant. Outer layers drift away and the star shrinks to become a white dwarf which will cool and fade away. High-mass stars swells into a red supergiant which undergoes a supernova. Th ...
... life of a low-mass star and that of a star 10 times the Sun’s mass. Low-mass stars cool down and swell up into a red giant. Outer layers drift away and the star shrinks to become a white dwarf which will cool and fade away. High-mass stars swells into a red supergiant which undergoes a supernova. Th ...
Planetary habitability
Planetary habitability is the measure of a planet's or a natural satellite's potential to develop and sustain life. Life may develop directly on a planet or satellite or be transferred to it from another body, a theoretical process known as panspermia. As the existence of life beyond Earth is unknown, planetary habitability is largely an extrapolation of conditions on Earth and the characteristics of the Sun and Solar System which appear favourable to life's flourishing—in particular those factors that have sustained complex, multicellular organisms and not just simpler, unicellular creatures. Research and theory in this regard is a component of planetary science and the emerging discipline of astrobiology.An absolute requirement for life is an energy source, and the notion of planetary habitability implies that many other geophysical, geochemical, and astrophysical criteria must be met before an astronomical body can support life. In its astrobiology roadmap, NASA has defined the principal habitability criteria as ""extended regions of liquid water, conditions favourable for the assembly of complex organic molecules, and energy sources to sustain metabolism.""In determining the habitability potential of a body, studies focus on its bulk composition, orbital properties, atmosphere, and potential chemical interactions. Stellar characteristics of importance include mass and luminosity, stable variability, and high metallicity. Rocky, terrestrial-type planets and moons with the potential for Earth-like chemistry are a primary focus of astrobiological research, although more speculative habitability theories occasionally examine alternative biochemistries and other types of astronomical bodies.The idea that planets beyond Earth might host life is an ancient one, though historically it was framed by philosophy as much as physical science. The late 20th century saw two breakthroughs in the field. The observation and robotic spacecraft exploration of other planets and moons within the Solar System has provided critical information on defining habitability criteria and allowed for substantial geophysical comparisons between the Earth and other bodies. The discovery of extrasolar planets, beginning in the early 1990s and accelerating thereafter, has provided further information for the study of possible extraterrestrial life. These findings confirm that the Sun is not unique among stars in hosting planets and expands the habitability research horizon beyond the Solar System.The chemistry of life may have begun shortly after the Big Bang, 13.8 billion years ago, during a habitable epoch when the Universe was only 10–17 million years old. According to the panspermia hypothesis, microscopic life—distributed by meteoroids, asteroids and other small Solar System bodies—may exist throughout the universe. Nonetheless, Earth is the only place in the universe known to harbor life. Estimates of habitable zones around other stars, along with the discovery of hundreds of extrasolar planets and new insights into the extreme habitats here on Earth, suggest that there may be many more habitable places in the universe than considered possible until very recently. On 4 November 2013, astronomers reported, based on Kepler space mission data, that there could be as many as 40 billion Earth-sized planets orbiting in the habitable zones of Sun-like stars and red dwarfs within the Milky Way. 11 billion of these estimated planets may be orbiting Sun-like stars. The nearest such planet may be 12 light-years away, according to the scientists.