Star- large ball of gas held together by large ball of gas held
... Stars originate from clouds of gas and dust molecules that clump up due to gravity. When the clump reaches the size of Jupiter, it creates enough energy by nuclear fusion to shine – becoming a star. For stars that are about the size of our sun, after main sequence they become giants, white dwarfs, a ...
... Stars originate from clouds of gas and dust molecules that clump up due to gravity. When the clump reaches the size of Jupiter, it creates enough energy by nuclear fusion to shine – becoming a star. For stars that are about the size of our sun, after main sequence they become giants, white dwarfs, a ...
ppt document
... per cubic centimeter (in English about 30 billion trillion). Most solids and liquids have similar numbers. At the earth’s surface our atmosphere has about 2.4 x 1019 molecules per cubic centimeter (about a thousand times less dense than liquid water). In most of interstellar space, there is about 1 ...
... per cubic centimeter (in English about 30 billion trillion). Most solids and liquids have similar numbers. At the earth’s surface our atmosphere has about 2.4 x 1019 molecules per cubic centimeter (about a thousand times less dense than liquid water). In most of interstellar space, there is about 1 ...
The solar system
... We have to be fast and step over the centuries. • In ancient Greece, different ideas are at odds with each other: in disagreement with ARISTARQUES OF SAMOS, ARISTOTLE thought the Earth was motionless. His idea of force is not very clear; besides, he confuses speed and variation of speed, i.e. accele ...
... We have to be fast and step over the centuries. • In ancient Greece, different ideas are at odds with each other: in disagreement with ARISTARQUES OF SAMOS, ARISTOTLE thought the Earth was motionless. His idea of force is not very clear; besides, he confuses speed and variation of speed, i.e. accele ...
A R T I C L E S
... Jupiter is surrounded by zones of clouds of alternating light and dark appearance, all oriented parallel to its equator. Infrared measurements by two Pioneer spacecraft reveal that the dark belts are warmer than the light zones. Chemically, the upper atmosphere of Jupiter is made up of hydrogen, hel ...
... Jupiter is surrounded by zones of clouds of alternating light and dark appearance, all oriented parallel to its equator. Infrared measurements by two Pioneer spacecraft reveal that the dark belts are warmer than the light zones. Chemically, the upper atmosphere of Jupiter is made up of hydrogen, hel ...
PowerPoint file - Northwest Creation Network
... EGG, Not So Fertile,” Science News, Vol. 161, 16 March 2002, pp. 171–172. ...
... EGG, Not So Fertile,” Science News, Vol. 161, 16 March 2002, pp. 171–172. ...
The Sun - Ccphysics.us
... shell burning in about 10,000 years • The very hot (but not enough for further fusion) core is revealed ...
... shell burning in about 10,000 years • The very hot (but not enough for further fusion) core is revealed ...
The Laws of Planetary Motion
... revolution for a planet and R represents the length of its semimajor axis. The subscripts "1" and "2" distinguish quantities for planet 1 and 2 respectively. The periods for the two planets are assumed to be in the same time units and the lengths of the semimajor axes for the two planets are assumed ...
... revolution for a planet and R represents the length of its semimajor axis. The subscripts "1" and "2" distinguish quantities for planet 1 and 2 respectively. The periods for the two planets are assumed to be in the same time units and the lengths of the semimajor axes for the two planets are assumed ...
New Worlds on the Horizon: Earth-Sized Planets Close to Other Stars.
... Mercury orbits only 0.38 AU from the Sun, but Earth-mass planets could exist on even closer orbits around other stars. The theory of in situ formation begins with a disk of gas and kmsized bodies (planetesimals); the latter accrete into ~100 Moon- to Mars-sized protoplanets in about 1 million years; ...
... Mercury orbits only 0.38 AU from the Sun, but Earth-mass planets could exist on even closer orbits around other stars. The theory of in situ formation begins with a disk of gas and kmsized bodies (planetesimals); the latter accrete into ~100 Moon- to Mars-sized protoplanets in about 1 million years; ...
geol0810 homework 1: early solar system history
... energy released by the decay of a 26Al atom to a 26Mg atom provided a potent source of heat during the first few million years of Solar System history. The radioactive decay of 26Al to form 26Mg releases so much heat that asteroid-sized bodies would have melted (and thus allow for differentiation) i ...
... energy released by the decay of a 26Al atom to a 26Mg atom provided a potent source of heat during the first few million years of Solar System history. The radioactive decay of 26Al to form 26Mg releases so much heat that asteroid-sized bodies would have melted (and thus allow for differentiation) i ...
Distance - courses.psu.edu
... 2. What does a star's flux measure? 3. a) A star with the Sun's luminosity, but located 2 AU from Earth instead of 1 AU, would appear how bright relative to the Sun? b) A star with the Sun's luminosity, but located 20 AU from Earth instead of 1 AU, would appear how bright relative to the Sun? 4. Jup ...
... 2. What does a star's flux measure? 3. a) A star with the Sun's luminosity, but located 2 AU from Earth instead of 1 AU, would appear how bright relative to the Sun? b) A star with the Sun's luminosity, but located 20 AU from Earth instead of 1 AU, would appear how bright relative to the Sun? 4. Jup ...
Lec9_2D
... The gravity at the surface of a red giant star is extremely weak. Any excess motion in the stellar atmosphere can cause the star to lose its mass into space. During this phase, stars can lose a lot of mass. ...
... The gravity at the surface of a red giant star is extremely weak. Any excess motion in the stellar atmosphere can cause the star to lose its mass into space. During this phase, stars can lose a lot of mass. ...
Key Stage 2: Teacher`s Pack
... Sun’s radiation per metre squared falling on Venus will therefore be greater by a factor of 9/4 = 2.25 (approximately 2). 4. Venus’ surface temperature is over 30 times higher than the Earth’s (470°C compared to 15°C). Can this be explained by your calculation in question 3? If not, suggest an alter ...
... Sun’s radiation per metre squared falling on Venus will therefore be greater by a factor of 9/4 = 2.25 (approximately 2). 4. Venus’ surface temperature is over 30 times higher than the Earth’s (470°C compared to 15°C). Can this be explained by your calculation in question 3? If not, suggest an alter ...
Astrophysical Conditions for Planetary Habitability - Max
... remain speculative, however, until they are observed, and one would not want to count on their existence while defining the requirements for a telescope to search for extrasolar life (Kasting et al., 2014). Recently, Kopparapu et al. (2013) rederived the HZ boundaries using a new 1-D climate model b ...
... remain speculative, however, until they are observed, and one would not want to count on their existence while defining the requirements for a telescope to search for extrasolar life (Kasting et al., 2014). Recently, Kopparapu et al. (2013) rederived the HZ boundaries using a new 1-D climate model b ...
Week 9 Concept Summary - UC Berkeley Astronomy w
... 2. Stellar Census: Not only do most stars lie on the Main Sequence, but they are also mostly cooler, smaller, red stars. Hot stars are easiest to see since they are brightest, but they are far less common in general. On the main sequence, we also find a relation between the intrinsic luminosity and ...
... 2. Stellar Census: Not only do most stars lie on the Main Sequence, but they are also mostly cooler, smaller, red stars. Hot stars are easiest to see since they are brightest, but they are far less common in general. On the main sequence, we also find a relation between the intrinsic luminosity and ...
The Anglo-Australian Planet Search – XXI. A Gas-Giant
... 8.5 m s−1 , which is substantially higher (by almost a factor of two) than would be expected based on measurement precision (the median value of the internal uncertainty produced by our iodine velocity fitting is 1.9 m s−1 ) and stellar jitter (3.0 m s−1 ). Preliminary analysis of these velocities i ...
... 8.5 m s−1 , which is substantially higher (by almost a factor of two) than would be expected based on measurement precision (the median value of the internal uncertainty produced by our iodine velocity fitting is 1.9 m s−1 ) and stellar jitter (3.0 m s−1 ). Preliminary analysis of these velocities i ...
A Brief History of the Solar System
... considered as planets. The planets Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars are known as terrestrial or rocky planets because they have a solid surface like that of the Earth. The planets Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune are known as Jovian planets. They all are giant gaseous objects. Not much was known ...
... considered as planets. The planets Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars are known as terrestrial or rocky planets because they have a solid surface like that of the Earth. The planets Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune are known as Jovian planets. They all are giant gaseous objects. Not much was known ...
The Stars - Department of Physics and Astronomy
... reactions to convert mass into energy. Eventually, when a star’s nuclear fuel is depleted, the star must ...
... reactions to convert mass into energy. Eventually, when a star’s nuclear fuel is depleted, the star must ...
Stellar Evolution - Hays High Indians
... Star has settled into the most stable part of its life Converts hydrogen to helium (H => He) Next step depends on the mass of the star Three different examples of stars: 1. Stars similar to our Sun 2. Stars several times more massive than the Sun 3. HUGE HUMONGOUS stars, VERY massive ...
... Star has settled into the most stable part of its life Converts hydrogen to helium (H => He) Next step depends on the mass of the star Three different examples of stars: 1. Stars similar to our Sun 2. Stars several times more massive than the Sun 3. HUGE HUMONGOUS stars, VERY massive ...
Astro history notes 1
... models of the relation between the Earth and Celestial bodies How to explain the observations? Why did some celestial objects move on the celestial sphere? Why did most celestial objects stay in their places? ...
... models of the relation between the Earth and Celestial bodies How to explain the observations? Why did some celestial objects move on the celestial sphere? Why did most celestial objects stay in their places? ...
Tuesday, October 28th "The Formation and Evolution of Galaxies"
... "That may sound like a very small angle, but it is in fact significant," says Alexei Pevtsov, RHESSI Program Scientist at NASA Headquarters. Tiny departures from perfect roundness can, for example, affect the Sun's gravitational pull on Mercury and skew tests of Einstein's theory of relativity that ...
... "That may sound like a very small angle, but it is in fact significant," says Alexei Pevtsov, RHESSI Program Scientist at NASA Headquarters. Tiny departures from perfect roundness can, for example, affect the Sun's gravitational pull on Mercury and skew tests of Einstein's theory of relativity that ...
Name
... explosion form what is now called the _____________________ ________________. 30. In 1987 a supernova called ____________________________ was discovered. 31. When the largest of stars explode (supernova) the dense core that is left becomes not a pulsar, but a _____________ ______________. 32. The fi ...
... explosion form what is now called the _____________________ ________________. 30. In 1987 a supernova called ____________________________ was discovered. 31. When the largest of stars explode (supernova) the dense core that is left becomes not a pulsar, but a _____________ ______________. 32. The fi ...
Class 8 - ruf.rice.edu
... Kepler’s Three Laws of Planetary Motion Kepler’s Third Law: More distant planets orbit the Sun at slower average speed, obeying the following precise mathematical relationship: p2 = a3 p = planet’s orbital period in years a = planet’s average distance from Sun in AU ...
... Kepler’s Three Laws of Planetary Motion Kepler’s Third Law: More distant planets orbit the Sun at slower average speed, obeying the following precise mathematical relationship: p2 = a3 p = planet’s orbital period in years a = planet’s average distance from Sun in AU ...
The Parent Stars of New Extrasolar Planet System Candidates
... are each close to one solar mass and are slightly younger than the solar age of 4.6 Gyr. Finally, neither star shows signs of unusual composition. Because HR 810 and HR 7875 have so much in common with the sun, their chances of possessing earth-like planets may be greater that the other three stars ...
... are each close to one solar mass and are slightly younger than the solar age of 4.6 Gyr. Finally, neither star shows signs of unusual composition. Because HR 810 and HR 7875 have so much in common with the sun, their chances of possessing earth-like planets may be greater that the other three stars ...
Physics 11 Fall 2012 Practice Problems 7 - Solutions
... amount of energy that we’d need to add to the system to break it apart. Since we’d need to do work on the system to break it apart (ending up with zero total energy), we had to start with a negative energy. The same thing occurs with oppositely-charged particles like protons and electrons, which als ...
... amount of energy that we’d need to add to the system to break it apart. Since we’d need to do work on the system to break it apart (ending up with zero total energy), we had to start with a negative energy. The same thing occurs with oppositely-charged particles like protons and electrons, which als ...
7.1 Planetary Motion and Gravitation In spite of many common
... objects near the earth surface. Isaac Newton developed those descriptions into a mathematical law and linked the force of gravity to the motion of the planets as well. He was able to provide the explanation that was missing from all the recorded observations. It is important to keep in mind that at ...
... objects near the earth surface. Isaac Newton developed those descriptions into a mathematical law and linked the force of gravity to the motion of the planets as well. He was able to provide the explanation that was missing from all the recorded observations. It is important to keep in mind that at ...
Planetary habitability
Planetary habitability is the measure of a planet's or a natural satellite's potential to develop and sustain life. Life may develop directly on a planet or satellite or be transferred to it from another body, a theoretical process known as panspermia. As the existence of life beyond Earth is unknown, planetary habitability is largely an extrapolation of conditions on Earth and the characteristics of the Sun and Solar System which appear favourable to life's flourishing—in particular those factors that have sustained complex, multicellular organisms and not just simpler, unicellular creatures. Research and theory in this regard is a component of planetary science and the emerging discipline of astrobiology.An absolute requirement for life is an energy source, and the notion of planetary habitability implies that many other geophysical, geochemical, and astrophysical criteria must be met before an astronomical body can support life. In its astrobiology roadmap, NASA has defined the principal habitability criteria as ""extended regions of liquid water, conditions favourable for the assembly of complex organic molecules, and energy sources to sustain metabolism.""In determining the habitability potential of a body, studies focus on its bulk composition, orbital properties, atmosphere, and potential chemical interactions. Stellar characteristics of importance include mass and luminosity, stable variability, and high metallicity. Rocky, terrestrial-type planets and moons with the potential for Earth-like chemistry are a primary focus of astrobiological research, although more speculative habitability theories occasionally examine alternative biochemistries and other types of astronomical bodies.The idea that planets beyond Earth might host life is an ancient one, though historically it was framed by philosophy as much as physical science. The late 20th century saw two breakthroughs in the field. The observation and robotic spacecraft exploration of other planets and moons within the Solar System has provided critical information on defining habitability criteria and allowed for substantial geophysical comparisons between the Earth and other bodies. The discovery of extrasolar planets, beginning in the early 1990s and accelerating thereafter, has provided further information for the study of possible extraterrestrial life. These findings confirm that the Sun is not unique among stars in hosting planets and expands the habitability research horizon beyond the Solar System.The chemistry of life may have begun shortly after the Big Bang, 13.8 billion years ago, during a habitable epoch when the Universe was only 10–17 million years old. According to the panspermia hypothesis, microscopic life—distributed by meteoroids, asteroids and other small Solar System bodies—may exist throughout the universe. Nonetheless, Earth is the only place in the universe known to harbor life. Estimates of habitable zones around other stars, along with the discovery of hundreds of extrasolar planets and new insights into the extreme habitats here on Earth, suggest that there may be many more habitable places in the universe than considered possible until very recently. On 4 November 2013, astronomers reported, based on Kepler space mission data, that there could be as many as 40 billion Earth-sized planets orbiting in the habitable zones of Sun-like stars and red dwarfs within the Milky Way. 11 billion of these estimated planets may be orbiting Sun-like stars. The nearest such planet may be 12 light-years away, according to the scientists.