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the fixed stars - The Witches` Almanac
the fixed stars - The Witches` Almanac

Contents ISP 205 Section 2 Study Guide for Test 3 28 March 2007
Contents ISP 205 Section 2 Study Guide for Test 3 28 March 2007

... 8. Suppose star A and star B are both main sequence stars of the same temperature. Star A is 100 times fainter than star B. Compare the stars’ luminosities and distances. Luminosities are same, since temperature is same. For star A to be fainter, it is 10 times as far as B. Flux=L/D2 9. On a HR diag ...
Primordial planets, comets and moons foster life in the cosmos
Primordial planets, comets and moons foster life in the cosmos

... Figure 2 illustrates schematically the two cosmologies in the gas epoch from 300 Kyr to 300 Myr (1013 -1016 s), which is often termed the dark ages for ΛCDMHC (top) because this is the time required for the first star and the first planets to appear in this cosmology. The temperature of space has fa ...
PowerPoint
PowerPoint

... Some of Uranus’s satellites show evidence of past tidal heating ...
WHY PLUTO IS NO LONGER A PLANET by Fraser Cain
WHY PLUTO IS NO LONGER A PLANET by Fraser Cain

... Over the last few decades, powerful new ground and space-based observatories have completely changed previous understanding of the outer Solar System. Instead of being ...
celestial clock - the sun, the moon, and the stars
celestial clock - the sun, the moon, and the stars

... takes 72 years for the Vernal Equinox to move 1 degree. If three score and ten are the years of man, it takes about one lifetime or generation of man for the Vernal Equinox to move 1 degree. The average epoch is equivalent to roughly 30.7 generations (2,147 years / 70 years per generation = 30.7 gen ...
Formation of Planets
Formation of Planets

Planet Tour
Planet Tour

Planet X - The 2017 Arrival
Planet X - The 2017 Arrival

... Until the discovery of Planet X astronomers had regarded the writings of the ancient Sumerians about this object as legend. When Planet X was discovered in 1983 they suddenly learned that the Sumerians were not the primitive people they have been made out to be. What these modern scientists discove ...
Gravitational Force Problem Set
Gravitational Force Problem Set

... 7. Let the average orbital radius of a planet be r. Let the orbital period be T. What quantity is constant for all planets orbiting the Sun? A) T/R B) T/R2 C) T2/R3 D) T3/R2 ...
So, our cosmic address is
So, our cosmic address is

... The Earth is the third planet from a star we call our sun, or Sol. The sun, its planets, their moons, and other bodies constitute our solar system. ...
(a) Because the core of heavy-mass star never reaches high enough
(a) Because the core of heavy-mass star never reaches high enough

... 16. Two identical stars are located 4 light years away and 8 light years away from the Earth. The luminosity of the star located at 8 light years is (a) 2 times higher than the luminosity of the nearer one (b) 4 times higher than the luminosity of the nearer one (c) 1/2 of the nearer one’s luminosit ...
Critical Thinking Questions: (work on these with a partner) Post
Critical Thinking Questions: (work on these with a partner) Post

... nebula, the outer shell of a star gets pushed way out into the solar system. Explain how and why you think this difference is caused. In other words, explain how and why the outer shell is pushed out a little bit vs. pushed out far away. During Red Giant formation, the core fuses a new element (Heli ...
Wadhurst Astronomical Society Newsletter May 2017
Wadhurst Astronomical Society Newsletter May 2017

... degrees. This angle must be known to pico-metre accuracy. A human hair is about 10 pico-metres wide. Or to put another way it is the thickness of a pound coin when placed on the Moon and viewed from the Earth. It is expected to discover up to 8 extragalactic supernovae every day. GAIA will observe a ...
The Sun - Sophia
The Sun - Sophia

... • Stars range from very bright (supergiants) to very dim (dwarfs) • Stars range from very hot blue on the outside (O class) to cool red on the outside (M class) ...
May 2013 - Otterbein
May 2013 - Otterbein

... • For the longest time we did not know • Only in the 1930’s had science advanced to the point where we could answer this question • Needed to develop very advanced physics: quantum mechanics and nuclear physics • There is virtually only one type of process that can do the job ...
Gökküre
Gökküre

... was comparable to the size of the Earth. ...
Click www.ondix.com to visit our student-to
Click www.ondix.com to visit our student-to

... formulated his own theories about best known for his astronomical theory that the sun is at rest near the center of the universe, and that the earth, spinning on its axis once daily, revolves annually around the sun. This is called the heliocentric, or sun-centered, system. In 1500 Copernicus lectur ...
Neptune - Midland ISD
Neptune - Midland ISD

... modern one being called the disk instability model.  In this process, clumps of dust and gas are bound together early in the life of the solar system.  Over time, they combine to form into a giant planet.  This could take as little as a thousand years, allowing time for the planet ...
Lives of Stars - Madison County Schools
Lives of Stars - Madison County Schools

... a large cloud of gas and dust. A nebula spreads out over huge areas of space. ...
The Space Environment It is a great privilege to be invited to share
The Space Environment It is a great privilege to be invited to share

Chapter 21 notes - Clinton Public Schools
Chapter 21 notes - Clinton Public Schools

... How the universe was formed: Astronomers believe the universe was incredibly hot and dense, exploded in what astronomers called the Big Bang. According to the big bang theory, the universe formed in an instant, billion of years ago, in an enormous explosion. Since then, the universe has been increas ...
10. Exoplanets
10. Exoplanets

... Jupiter-like planets should not form inside the frost line (at << 5 AU). • The discovery of hot Jupiters has forced reexamination of nebular theory. • Planetary migration or gravitational encounters may explain hot Jupiters. © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
The solution set
The solution set

... step. No more than two points per problem for overly high precision. Three points off for each arithmetic or algebra error. Further calculations correctly done based on this erroneous value should be given full credit. However, if the resulting answer is completely ludicrous (e.g., 10−30 seconds for ...
Untitled - Notion Press
Untitled - Notion Press

... big bang (astronomically, some time means a lot of years to us), then it will last for more 990 billion years! The universe is very young for such stars. The stars of ‘G’ type, our sun too, have a life span of 12 billion years. The sun is already approximately a 5 years old star. The lifecycle and d ...
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Formation and evolution of the Solar System



The formation of the Solar System began 4.6 billion years ago with the gravitational collapse of a small part of a giant molecular cloud. Most of the collapsing mass collected in the center, forming the Sun, while the rest flattened into a protoplanetary disk out of which the planets, moons, asteroids, and other small Solar System bodies formed.This widely accepted model, known as the nebular hypothesis, was first developed in the 18th century by Emanuel Swedenborg, Immanuel Kant, and Pierre-Simon Laplace. Its subsequent development has interwoven a variety of scientific disciplines including astronomy, physics, geology, and planetary science. Since the dawn of the space age in the 1950s and the discovery of extrasolar planets in the 1990s, the model has been both challenged and refined to account for new observations.The Solar System has evolved considerably since its initial formation. Many moons have formed from circling discs of gas and dust around their parent planets, while other moons are thought to have formed independently and later been captured by their planets. Still others, such as the Moon, may be the result of giant collisions. Collisions between bodies have occurred continually up to the present day and have been central to the evolution of the Solar System. The positions of the planets often shifted due to gravitational interactions. This planetary migration is now thought to have been responsible for much of the Solar System's early evolution.In roughly 5 billion years, the Sun will cool and expand outward many times its current diameter (becoming a red giant), before casting off its outer layers as a planetary nebula and leaving behind a stellar remnant known as a white dwarf. In the far distant future, the gravity of passing stars will gradually reduce the Sun's retinue of planets. Some planets will be destroyed, others ejected into interstellar space. Ultimately, over the course of tens of billions of years, it is likely that the Sun will be left with none of the original bodies in orbit around it.
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